Management Strategies to Optimize Reproductive Efficiency in Dairy Heifers

2011 ◽  
pp. 199-205
Author(s):  
Maria Belen Rabaglino
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Heifers

scholarly journals Suckling, male effect and kisspeptin in the reproductive management of ewes in postpartum anestrus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Hernández-Hernández ◽  
Jaime Gallegos-Sánchez ◽  
Carlos M. Becerril-Pérez ◽  
Arturo Pro-Martínez ◽  
Ponciano Pérez-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Endogenous Opioid Peptides ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Reproductive Management ◽  
Male Effect

Objective: To describe the management strategies of controlled suckling and the male effect to reduce postpartum anestrus, and to show the participation of kisspeptin to regulate the effect of both factors. Design/Methodology/Approach: A review of scientific publications was conducted, in order to show the importance of suckling and the male effect as strategies to reduce postpartum anestrus in the ewe, as well as the relation of kisspeptin with both factors. Results: Seasonal anestrus can be avoided with the use of breeds adapted to the local environment, such as Pelibuey. Postpartum anestrus occurs mainly as a result of suckling, since the latter inhibits the pulsating secretion of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and the luteinizing hormone (LH). The exact path of this inhibition is unknown, although it seems that endogenous opioid peptides and kisspeptin are intermediaries. Controlled suckling and the male effect are management strategies that improve the reproductive behavior of postpartum ewes. Kisspeptin regulates the influence of the male effect through the secretion of GnRH/LH. Study Limitations/Implications: To understand the impacts of suckling and the male effect on the duration of postpartum anestrus, as well as the participation of kisspeptin in the regulation of both effects, will allow designing management strategies to improve the reproductive efficiency of the ewes. Findings/Conclusions: Controlled suckling and the male effect reduce postpartum anestrus and improve the reproductive behavior of the ewes; advancing knowledge of the kisspeptin effect could improve the effectiveness of both techniques.

80 Relationship between anogenital distance and reproductive efficiency of embryo recipient dairy heifers

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
A. Garcia-Guerra ◽  
R. Sala ◽  
L. Carrenho-Sala ◽  
F. Valencia ◽  
M. Fosado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Anogenital Distance ◽  
Dairy Heifers

scholarly journals Estrus Detection Methods in Dairy Animals- Advances and the Prospects: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Madkar ◽  
P. Boro ◽  
M. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Automatic Detection System

Fertility over the past few decades is of serious concern in the dairy industry. Fertility of a dairy herd is determined by composite factors, which in turn depends upon effective management strategies. The reproductive potential of the animals need to be exploited to its maximum to achieve optimum production in a herd. The single most important factor that limits the establishment of pregnancy and survival of the embryo in dairy cattle and buffaloes and thereby reproductive efficiency of a herd is proper estrus detection, Pedometer or activity meter is a motion switches devices within which steps followed by animals are recorded. Activity meters can be attached to the neck or leg of cows and they may be read by a receiver and processed by computer in a milking parlour. By implementing automatic detection system, heat detection rates can be improved, for improving reproductive efficiency. The activity monitoring techniques can also be used to detect the silent ovulation which is helpful for improving efficiency and accuracy of estrus.

scholarly journals Methane production and nitrogen balance of dairy heifers grazing palisade grass cv. Marandu alone or with forage peanut

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 4625-4634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa S Berça ◽  
Abmael Da S Cardoso ◽  
Vanessa Z Longhini ◽  
Luís O Tedeschi ◽  
Robert Michael Boddey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
N Balance ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Ch4 Production

Abstract Livestock production systems are an essential agribusiness activity in Brazil, but a critical challenge of Brazilian farmers is to maintain the equilibrium of the ecosystem, using herbage resources efficiently with a minimum impact on the environment. Nitrogen (N) fertilization and the inclusion of forage legumes into tropical grass pastures are management strategies which increase the productivity and nutritive value of pastures and may also affect methane (CH4) production by ruminants. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of either fertilizing palisade grass pastures with N or including the forage peanut (Arachis pintoi) into grass pastures on enteric CH4 emission, microbial protein production in the rumen via purine derivatives in the urine, and N balance. Twenty-one nonlactating crossbred dairy heifers were used in a completely randomized design with 3 treatments. The treatments consisted of pastures of palisade grass without N fertilization (control), fertilized with urea (fertilized), and palisade grass mixed with forage peanut (mixed). Seven animals (replications) were used to evaluate dry matter intake, digestibility, CH4 emission, urea, purine derivatives, and volume of urine, and N ingestion and excretion. Four paddocks (replications) were used to measure herbage mass; morphological, botanical, and chemical composition of herbage; and herbage allowance. The CH4 emissions were determined using the sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer gas technique. The efficiency of N utilization (ENU) was calculated using the N balance data. Crude protein (CP) concentration of herbage increased with fertilization or legumes inclusion (P < 0.0001) while neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentration decreased (P = 0.0355). The leaf allowance was higher in the fertilized treatment (P = 0.0294). Only uric acid excretion increased with N fertilization (P = 0.0204). The ENU was not affected by fertilized or mixed compared to control and averaged 55% (P = 0.8945). The enteric CH4 production was similar between treatments and averaged 129 g/d (P = 0.3989). We concluded that the changes in chemical composition of herbage provided by N fertilization or the inclusion of the legume showed no reduction in enteric CH4 emissions, but the ENU was more significant than previous studies with palisade grass, suggesting that different management strategies might alter the ENU under grazing conditions.

scholarly journals Efforts to improve reproductive efficiency in dairy heifers experiencing delayed puberty using heatsynch protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 012076
Author(s):  
A Fausiah ◽  
A L Toleng ◽  
M Yusuf ◽  
Sahiruddin ◽  
D Ramadhanty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Heifers

scholarly journals Effects of delaying the removal of the intravaginal progesterone device by 24 h in the 5d Co-synch protocol in heifers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aitor Fernandez-Novo ◽  
Sergio Santos-Lopez ◽  
Jose Luis Pesantez-Pacheco ◽  
Natividad Pérez Villalobos ◽  
Ana Heras-Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Beef Herds

Abstract Background In beef herds, increasing animal welfare, improving reproductive performance and easing animal management are key goals in farm economics. This study explored whether delaying the removal of the intravaginal progesterone device by 24 h in heifers synchronized with a 5d Co-synch 72 h protocol could improve reproductive efficiency of fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). In Experiment 1, we examined whether such a modified protocol would provide an acceptable, total synchronization rate (TSR) in cycling Holstein heifers. Heifers (13.4 ± 0.69 mo.) were randomly assigned to the standard 5d Co-synch 56 h protocol (5dCo56; n = 10), the standard 5d Co-synch 72 h protocol (5dCo72; n = 17), or the modified 5d Co-synch 72 h protocol, in which removal of the progesterone device was delayed by 24 h (6dCo48; n = 19). Heifers were considered synchronized (TSR) if serum progesterone value > 1.0 ng/mL and the corpus luteus (CL) was detectable by ultrasonography on Day 5, if progesterone < 1.0 ng/mL and at least one follicle had a diameter > 8 mm on Day 7.5, and if progesterone > 1.0 ng/mL and CL was detectable on Day 15. In Experiment 2, 309 cycling beef heifers on 18 commercial farms were subjected to the 5d Co-synch 72 h or 6d Co-synch 48 h protocol and conception rate (CR) studied. Results In experiment 1, the three protocols in dairy heifers led no differences on TSRs of 80.0% (5dCo56), 88.2% (5dCo72) and 89.5% (6dCo48). In experiment 2, the CR from the beef heifers, observed during two consecutive reproductive seasons did not differ: 59.7% for 5dCo72 and 62.0% for 6dCo48 (P = 0.907). Heifer age, body condition score or stress score did not significantly affect conception rate. Conclusions These results suggest that delaying removal of the intravaginal progesterone device by 24 h during the standard 5d Co-synch 72 h protocol provides satisfactory results without reducing reproductive efficiency of heifers.

scholarly journals An Economic Analysis of the Costs Associated with Pre-Weaning Management Strategies for Dairy Heifers

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hawkins ◽  
Kenneth Burdine ◽  
Donna Amaral-Phillips ◽  
Joao H.C. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
Management Scenario ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Labor Utilization

Dairy calves are raised in various housing and feeding environments on dairy farms around North America. The objective of this study was to develop a simulation model to calculate the cost of raising replacement dairy heifers using different inputs that reflect different management decisions and evaluate their influence on the total cost. In this simulation, 84 calves were modeled between 0–2 months of age to reflect a 1000 heifer herd. The decisions associated with housing, liquid diet source and allowance, labor utilization, and health were calculated. Costs and biological responses were reflective of published surveys, literature, and market conditions. A 10,000-iteration economic simulation was used for each management scenario using @Risk and PrecisionTree add-ons (Palisade Corporation, Ithaca, NY, USA) to account for variation in pre-weaning mortality rate, weaning age, and disease prevalence. As milk allotment increased, total feed cost increased. Feeding calves a higher allowance of milk resulted in a lower cost per kg of gain. Average feed cost percentage of the total cost was 46% (min, max: 33%, 59%) while labor, and fixed and variable cost represented 33% (20%, 45%), 9% (2%, 12%), and 12% (10%, 14%), respectively. Total pre-weaning costs ranged from $258.56 to $582.98 per calf across all management scenarios and milk allotments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document