Developments in Japanese Economics
Latest Publications
Labor Market Segmentation, Human Resource Utilization, and Economic Development: The Case of Japan in Historical Perspective**This is a revised version of a paper presented at the annual meeting of the Allied Social Sciences Association in December 1985. The author is grateful to the panelists, discussants, and other readers of an earlier draft for comments and suggestions which have led to the revision. These are Dr. Mark Leiserson and Professors Bernard E. Anderson, M. Bronfenbrenner, Subbiah Kannappan, S. B. Levine, Michael Piore, T. Paul Schultz, and James G. Scoville. The author is indebted to Professor M. Morishima for the concept of an idiosyncratic national ethos as a useful framework for the organization and presentation of historical information. Of course, the author alone is responsible for the remaining inadequacies and weaknesses of the paper.
Internationalization of Japanese Commercial Banking and the Yen: The Recent Experience of City Banks**I would like to express my deep appreciation for Professor Kazuya Mizushima, Professor Ryoichi Mikitani, and Professor Kenichi Ishigaki. These professors are my closest colleagues at Kobe University.The members of our research group are Professor M. Fujita, Kobe University, Professor K. Mizushima, Kobe University, Professor R. Mikitani, Kobe University, Professor Y. Futatsugi, Kobe University, Professor N. Miyata, Kagawa University, Professor K. Ishigaki, Kobe University, Associate Professor N. Niwa, Toyama University, Associate Professor K. Shimomura, Kobe University, and Assistant H. Izawa, Kobe University. Moreover, all these members belong to the Special Research Committee of International Finance, Kobe University, and Professor Fujita serves as the chief of that committee. We would like to particularly acknowledge the work of Mr. Miyata, Mr. Ishigaki, Mr. Niwa, and Mr. Izawa as members of our most important working group.The following banks cooperated in our research. City banks: Daiichi Kangyo, Daiwa, Fuji, Hokkaido-Takushoku, Kyowa, Mitsubishi, Mitsui, Sanwa, Sumitomo, Taiyo-Kobe, Tokai, and Tokyo; Nihon Saiken Shinyo, Japan Export Import Bank, and some regional banks; Hokuriku, Yokohama, and some stock companies; Nomura, Nikko, Yamaichi, Daiwa, and many life insurance companies; Nihon Seimei, Dai-ichi Seimei, Meiji Seimei. We would like to express our appreciation for their kindly cooperation.Furthermore, we would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by Grants in Aid for Scientific Research, the Ministry of Education, and Nihon-Shoken-Shogaku-Zaidan (Japan Securities Scholarship Foundation).The subject of this paper is Internationalization of Japanese commercial banking—the recent experience of city banks in Japan. This is a summary of the results of the questionnaire-based research work that we conducted twice, once in 1977–78 and once in 1981–82. We have been working very closely since the questionnaires were drafted in compiling the responses and in discussing the summary of the results and its interpretation. Therefore this project is really a “joint product” of our cooperation, and the computation of each member's contribution to this project is very difficult to assess.The actual writing of the summary has been done by our working group—Professor Fujita, Professor Mizushima, Professor Mikitani, and especially Mr. Miyata, Mr. Ishigaki, Mr. Niwa, and Mr. Izawa. The other working members were Professor Yusaku Futatsugi, Professor Nobuo Miyata, and Assistant Hideki Izawa. They could not attend our Canberra seminar at Australian National University in October, 1983, but other members (Mr. Fujita, Mr. Migustima, Mr. Mikitani, Mr. Ishigaki, and Mr. Niwa) could attend, and we were very happy to have fruitful academic discussions.
SHUNSUKE MORI
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TAKAMITSU SAWA
Ryuzo Sato
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Takashi Negishi
RYUZO SATO
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MASAHIRO MATSUSHITA