Ensuring the Guaranteed Level of Flight Safety

This chapter presents a methodology for the determination of the guaranteed level of flights safety. Purpose of the methodology consists in association in the only complex of tasks of assessment, providing verification of safety aviation activities as a complex hierarchical structure with independent critical elements and also hardware, program, network, and ergatic component which are both means, and subject to safety. The realization of ensuring the guaranteed result consists in realization of management processes so as not to allow transition of infrastructure or its systems to potentially dangerous state and to provide blocking (exception) of the corresponding technical object in case of threat of transition or upon transition to a dangerous state and minimization of consequences of such transition.

Methods and Techniques of Effective Management of Complexity in Aviation

This chapter presents the use of enterprise architecture to manage the growing complexity in aviation. Any aviation organization or air traffic management system can be considered as a complex enterprise which involves different stakeholders and uses various systems to execute its business needs. The complexity of such an enterprise makes it quite challenging to introduce any change since it might have an impact on various stakeholders as well as on different systems inside of the enterprise. That is why there is a need for a technique to manage the enterprise and to anticipate, plan, and support the transformation of the enterprise to execute its strategy. This technique can be provided by enterprise architecture, a relatively new discipline that focuses on describing the enterprise current and future states as well as providing a holistic view of it. The authors describe the modern enterprise architecture frameworks and provide an example of an application of one of them (European ATM Architecture framework) to identify and manage changes in aviation.

Intellectual Measuring Complex for Control of Geometrical Parameters of Aviation Details

This chapter proposes a new automated method of measuring complex three-dimensional surfaces of aircraft parts in static and dynamic modes. The method allows conducting measurements in closed conditions and at the site of the aircraft disposition. The method consists in the continuous determination of the coordinates of the points of the surface of the detail and their representation in a three-dimensional graphic depiction. New methods of measuring the geometric parameters of parts with the complex spatial surface are suggested. This opens the prospect for the development of new ways of measuring geometric parameters of parts in real-time with high metrological characteristics and computer simulation of the measurement process. The differential-digital method is based on the suggested zero-coordinate principle of the measurement process which involves simultaneous parts availability check, and connects measurement result obtained which provided a reduction in the order of measurement error.

Correction of the Temperature Component of Error of Piezoelectric Acceleration Sensor

In the aviation and aerospace industries, systems of artificial intelligence are being intensively implemented. For their effective functioning, it is necessary to provide reliable primary information. Information is collected by primary converters. In various systems of aviation technology, piezoelectric accelerometers are widely used as primary transducers. In particular, they are part of inertial navigation systems. These systems do not need external sources of information and are not affected by external interference. Therefore, they are widely used in aircraft for various purposes. These accelerometers are also used in other aircraft systems. In systems for monitoring the operation of gas turbine engines, systems for registering overloads. However, in conditions of high-temperature differences, shocks, vibrations, and significant accelerations, piezoelectric transducers have inherent flaws that affect the linearity and accuracy in measuring these values. Especially piezoelectric transducers are critical to extreme temperatures.

Application of Deep Learning in the Processing of the Aerospace System's Multispectral Images

This chapter uses deep learning neural networks for processing of aerospace system multispectral images. Convolutional and Capsule Neural Network were used for processing multispectral images from satellite Landsat 8, previously processed using spectral indices NDVI, NDWI, PSRI. The authors' approach was applied to wildfire Camp Fire (California, USA). The deep learning neural networks are used to solve the problem of detecting fire hazardous forest areas. Comparison of Convolutional and Capsule Neural Network results was done. The theory of neural networks of deep learning, the theory of recognition of multispectral images, methods of mathematical statistics were used.

Artificial Intelligence in Aviation Industries

This chapter presents opportunities to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) in aviation and aerospace industries. The AI used an innovative technology for improving the effectiveness of building aviation systems in each stage of the lifecycle for enhancing the security of aviation systems and the characteristic ability to learn, improve, and predict difficult situations. The AI is presented in Air Navigation Sociotechnical system (ANSTS) because the activity of ANSTS, is accompanied by a high degree of risk of causing catastrophic outcomes. The operator's models of decision making in AI systems are presented such as Expert Systems, Decision Support Systems for pilots of manned and unmanned aircraft, air traffic controllers, engineers, etc. The quality of operator's decisions depends on the development and use of innovative technology of AI and related fields (Big Data, Data Mining, Multicriteria Decision Analysis, Collaboration Decision Making, Blockchain, Artificial Neural Network, etc.).

Basic Analytics of Anti-Failure Avionics

The chapter analyzes anti-crash avionics. Classifications are given for complex failures of avionics and onboard aviation equipment. The technological failure of the voice informant in an aircraft crash is investigated using process analysis. New technologies to reduce the risks in the elimination of functional failures of avionics are proposed. Considered are the first “computer” accidents and incidents, as well as the causes of errors. Authors present the chronology of the definition of the category of “failure” of radio-electronic equipment and onboard aviation equipment. The complexity of avionics is estimated using process analysis. The methodology of the analysis of technological processes of flights is proposed.

Methods for the Synthesis of Optimal Control of Deterministic Compound Dynamical Systems With Branch

This chapter states the result of the development of optimal control methods for deterministic discontinuous systems of optimal control problems for deterministic compound dynamical systems (CDS) with branching paths. The necessary conditions for optimality of the CDS branching paths are formulated in the form convenient for subsequent development of algorithms for the operational synthesis of these paths. The optimality conditions developed by the authors allow both preliminary and in real time (on-line) optimization of the CDS branching paths. The need for an operational synthesis of the CDS branching trajectory is caused by the inaccuracy of prior knowledge of information about the factors affecting CDS movement which are critical for the implementation of the CDS end-use. The developed conditions are universal for solving problems with any finite number of branches of a branching trajectory and are focused on the use of artificially intelligent systems which allow analyzing the structure of optimal control of CDS components as they move along the path branches.

Research of the Reliability of the Electrical Supply System of Airports and Aerodromes Using Neural Networks

The system of supplying airports and airfields is subject to high requirements for the degree of reliability. This is due to the existence of a large number of factors that affect the work of airports and airfields. In this regard, the control systems for these complexes must, as soon as possible, adopt the most optimal criteria for the reliability and quality of the solution. This complicates the structure of the electricity supply complex quite a lot and necessitates the use of modern, reliable, and high-precision technologies for the management of these complexes. One of them is artificial intelligence, which allows you to make decisions in a non-standard situation, to give recommendations to the operator to perform actions based on analysis of diagnostic data.

Computer-Aided Design of Intelligent Control System of Stabilizing Platforms With Airborne Instrumentation

The chapter includes principles of the computer-aided design of the intelligent control system for stabilizing platform with airborne instrumentation. The emphasis is given to the design of the robust controller. The design procedures including mathematical models development, simulation, analysis, and making a decision using such artificial intelligent approaches as soft computing and expert assessments of obtained results are considered. Two basic problems such as the design of new systems and modernization of operating systems are researched. The first problem can be solved by means of the robust parametric optimization, and the second by means of the robust structural synthesis. The basics of algorithmic, software, and method supports are represented. The generalized structural schemes of the interactive design process are given. This approach allows decreasing engineering time and improving the quality of design systems.