ANALISIS INDEKS PRODUKTIVITAS LAHAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN TANAMAN PANGAN DIBAGIAN HILIR DAERAH IRIGASI KAMPILI

The large population growth of Indonesia encourages the transition of the function of agricultural land into non-agricultural land. The demand for land from time to time always increased, while the available land limited in number. This caused the conversion of agricultural land into non-agricultural land. This phenomenon certainly could bring serious problems. This study aimed to determine the land productivity index for rice and green beans cultivation and to find out the factors that influence production. The productivity indexes analyzed based on the Storie Approach. Soil sampling was carried out by an open grid method divided based on five land map units which spread across three different villages in Kampili irrigation area. The results of the study indicate that the highest productivity index is shown in SPT 5 where the productivity index is 47 and the lowest productivity index is shown in SPT 2 where the productivity index is 21,6. The land productivity index in the downstream of the Kampili irrigation area, which is located in the district of West Bajeng is poor to sufficient level. The low value of land productivity was strongly influenced due to poor soil quality, especially soil chemical properties. The results of the laboratory analysis show that nutrients in those areas are low.

PENINGKATAN UNSUR HARA FOSPOR TANAH ULTISOL MELALUI PEMBERIAN PUPUK KANDANG, KOMPOS DAN PELET

Ultisol soil has high potential for the development of dryland agriculture. However, this soil use faces obstacles because the nutrient content in Ultisol soils is generally low. This study aims to determine the effect of manure and straw compost on increasing nutrient content of phosphorus in ultisol soil. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 9 levels of treatment, namely P0 = control, P1 = manure 10 tons / ha, P2 = manure 5 tons / ha, P3 = compost 5 tons / ha, P4 = compost 10 ton / ha, P5 = manure 5 tons / ha + compost 10 tons / ha, P6 = manure 10 tons / ha + compost 5 tons / ha, P7 = pellet compost 5 tons / ha, P8 = compost pellets of 10 tons / ha. The treatment was repeated 3 times. The results showed that giving 10 tons / ha of manure plus 5 tons / ha of compost had a significant effect on reducing Al-dd content, and increasing P-available, pH, base saturation, cation exchange capacity and C-organicon Ultisol soil. Giving pellet fertilizer 10 tons / ha gives a real influence on the growth of maize plants.

PENINGKATAN UNSUR HARA KALIUM DALAM TANAH MELALUI APLIKASI POC BATANG PISANG DAN SABUT KELAPA

In Indonesia, there is not much use of potassium fertilizer for plants. Generally, farmers are more familiar with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers than potassium. This is caused potassium is expensive and hard to find, so there should be another alternative for easily and economic potassium fertilizer. This study aims to analyze the effect of organic liquid fertilizer produced from banana stem and coconut fiber to increase Potassium in soil and maize growth on ex-cassava cultivation land in Moncongloe Bulu Village, Moncongloe District, Maros Regency. The study used randomized block design within two factors and replied for three times. The first factor is coconut liquid fertilizer with 4 levels; SK1 (50 ml/pot), SK2 (100 ml/pot), SK3 (150 ml/pot) and SK4 (200 ml/pot). The second factor is banana liquid fertilizer with 4 levels; BP1 (25ml/pot), BP2 (50ml/pot), BP3 (75ml/pot) and BP4 (100ml/pot), so there are 27 total of treatment units. The results showed that coconut liquid fertilizer significantly affected plant height, number of leaves, dry matter weight, dry root weight, matter weight, root weight, organic carbon, cation exchanged capacity, percentage Potassium of maize, and gained the highest average of Pottassium increasing in soil. Nevertheless, it has not significant effect to soil pH.

KARAKTERISTIK UKURAN BUTIR DAN MINERAL LIAT TANAH PADA KEJADIAN LONGSOR (STUDI KASUS: SUB DAS JENEBERANG)

Longsor dapat dipicu oleh karateristik tanah yang terbentuk pada suatu wilayah yang dipengaruhi oleh ukuran fraksi tanah, terutama fraksi tanah yang berukuran lebih halus, yaitu fraksi tanah dari mineral liat. Stabililitas wilayah sub DAS Jeneberang pasca kejadian runtuhnya kaldera Gunung Bawakaraeng, menyebabkan gangguan berupa longsoran disekitar wilayah sub DAS lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik ukuran butir dan mineral liat tanah pada kejadian longsor di sub DAS hulu Jeneberang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan mengidentifikasi ukuran butir menggunakan ayakan ASTM 48 dan mineral liat tanah menggunakan FTIR. Titik longsor (TL) ditentukan dari kejadian longsor yang terjadi dan titik pembanding (TPB) ditentukan dari topografi dan bahan induk yang sama dengan titik longsor. Topografi pada daerah penelitian berombak hingga sangat curam dengan rata-rata curah hujan delapan tahun terakhir 3484 mm/tahun. Hasil analisis Ukuran butiran pada semua titik longsor dan titik pembanding didominasi ukuran 0,5 mm dengan bentuk butiran subrounded pada TL1, TL3, TL5, TL6, TL7, TL8, TL 10, TPB3, TPB4 dan subangular pada TL2, TL4, TL9, TPB1, TPB2. Dari hasil analisis mineral liat bahwa mineral liat dominan pada TL1, TL2, TL3, TL10, TPB1, TPB2 adalah kaolinit. TL6, TL5 adalah haloisit. TL8, TL4 adalah montmorilonit. TL9, TL7, TPB3 adalah klorit dan TPB4 adalah nakrit. Longsor yng terjadi dipicu oleh mineral liat tersedia yaitu kaolinit, haloisit, montmorilonit, dan klorit, sementara ukuran butir tanah tidak memberikan banyak pengaruh pada kejadian longsor.Kata kunci: Sub DAS Jeneberang, Longsor, Ukuran Butir, Mineral Liat Tanah

DIFFERENT NITROGEN AND DOLOMITE APPLICATION INFLUENCE TO GLUTAMATE CONTENT OF CITRUS LEAVES (CITRUS HYSTRIX L.)

The extend remobilization of nutrient on crops so far is known well. However, as we assumed that the re-translocation of the particular nutrient as nitrogen has a strong affect to the terpenoid metabolic like citronellol. In many cases, the environment stress such as drought induced volatile compound as citronellol leave in citrus. The aim of experiment is to observe the distribution of citronellol as consequence the distribution of nitrogen on different layer of tree canopy. The method of the research obtain the samples of leaves which were collected from different layer of citrus canopy from 10 samples of trees on each part of field: bottom layer, middle layer and upper layer of canopy. The randomized leaves were collected and analyzed by the HPLC and Spectro-photometer to measure the content of nitrogen and glutamate distribution correlated to citronellol content. The results presents that the closely correlation of distribution of nitrogen between bottom layer, middle layer and upper layer of lemon leaves to produce glutamate and citronellol. The remobilization of nitrogen from bottom leaves content 1.35 ppm followed by middle leaves 1.4 ppm and the highest is the upper leaves is 1.65 ppm. As consequence that the glutamate and citronellol were increase as the same trend as those nutrients distribution. The glutamate seems to be the precursor of the secondary metabolic which was converted into the harvested leaves of citrus. Increasing of 5% glutamate from the upper leaves to the middle leave and the bottom leaves seem to be much accumulated of citronellol content in the bottom leaves.

IDENTIFIKASI STATUS HARA TANAH PADA LAHAN KERING SEBAGAI DASAR PEMUPUKAN KEDELAI DI KECAMATAN ANDOOLO KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN

Soybean is a potential type of legume plant to be developed in Andoolo District, South Konawe Regency. However, the soybeans production is still relatively low. The main problem in the low production of soybeans is the unavailability of information on soil fertility status, especially the status of organic C-nutrients, P and K. Therefore information on soil nutrient status is very necessary. The study was conducted in the village of Ataku, Andoolo District, South Konawe Regency in May to July 2018 using the Dry Soil Test Equipment (PUTK) method. There were 27 soil samples taken randomly to obtain soil nutrient status including organic matter, P, K and soil pH and recommendations for soybean fertilizer dosages in the Andoolo District. The results of this study showed that C-Organic status, P, K and pH in Andoolo District varied. Based on the results of the analysis, the recommended fertilizer dosage in Andoolo District is giving 2 tons/ha of organic matter plus 200 kg/ha of Urea fertilizer, 200 kg/ha of SP36, and 100 kg/ha of KCl for low K status, 75 kg/ha of KCl for moderate K status and 50 kg/ha of KCl for soil with high K status. For soil with a very acidic and acidic pH status, it is recommended to give 500 kg/ha of lime doses to increase the soil pH to neutral conditions.

KARAKTERISTIK DAN PRODUKTIVITAS LAHAN SAWAH IRIGASI DI KECAMATAN DUAMPANUA KABUPATEN PINRANG

Land potential can be assessed from biophysical land suitability including soil characteristics, climate, and land management. This study aims to determine the potential of paddy fields in Duampanua Sub-District, Pinrang District for irrigated paddy field based on the land biophysical characteristics. The method was qualitative and quantitative approaches. Field surveys use purposive sampling method with 3 object observation. The land suitability class evaluation uses a simple limiting factor approach according to FAO (1976). To support the analysis of rice production data, 30 farmers were interviewed in 3 (three) observation units. The results showed the average rainfall of 2,780.2 mm/year with 9 wet months and 3 dry months categorized as type B2 (Oldeman). The results of soil samples analysis showed the characteristics of the soil with a silty clay texture, silty clay loam and clay; bulk density ranges from 1.36-1.66 g/cm3; cation exchange capacity ranges from 49.64 - 79.75 cmol/kg clay; soil pH ranges from 5.26-5.97; base saturation ranges from 36% - 46.4%; and C-organic ranges from 1.34% - 1.38%. The most dominant types of minerals are orthoclase, biotite, pyroxene, augite, opaque and clay with the symptoms of micropedological concretions and nodules. The land suitability class in the three land units for irrigated paddy rice is classified as S2nr (quite suitability in accordance with the limiting factors for nutrient retention including: base saturation, pH, and C-organic). The average productivity in land units I is 5.1 ton/ha, land unit II is 4.5 ton/ha, and in land units III 5.26 ton/ha.

MONITORING PERUBAHAN AREAL PERSAWAHAN MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS (Studi Kasus: Kecamatan Pallangga Kabupaten Gowa)

The area of agricultural land, especially paddy fields, is related to the level of rice production. Conversion of agricultural land to non-agriculture will have an impact on the availability of rice supply. This study aims to identify changes in paddy field land use in 2005 - 2016 using high-resolution satellite imagery and calculate the need for rice per capita in Pallangga District. This research utilizes the application of geographic information systems in monitoring changes in paddy field use. The method used in the classification of land use is digitizing on screen. The conversion of paddy fields to non-paddy fields was obtained from the results of overlapping maps of Pallangga District land use maps in 2005 and 2016 and presented in the form of cross tabulations. The accuracy test results obtained the overall accuracy value of 98.04%, and the kappa accuracy value of 0.98. This study shows that paddy field area has decreased by 305.25 ha. The change consisted of 17.68 ha into a water body, turned into a garden of 132.86 ha and became a settlement of 154.71 ha. The conversion of paddy fields in Pallangga District in 2005-2016 affected rice production. The results of the analysis of the needs of rice per capita per year show that in 2017 Pallangga District is surplus in the supply of rice to its population. However, based on population projection, the decrease in land area and rice production in Pallangga Subdistrict in 2020 was unable to meet the rice needs of its population of 1,027 tons

EFEKTIVITAS PUPUK ORGANIK FESES KUDA HASIL PEMBAKARAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN CABAI MERAH KERITING (Capsicum annum L)

Organic material derived from horse manure is very abundant and has the potential to be used as organic fertilizer with good nutrient content for plants. This study to utilize organic manure from combustion for growth and productivity of the red chili. In addition, this research was conducted to obtain the right composition of fertilizer doses to increase the growth and production of curly red chili. The method to use the Alfisol soil growing media at the site using polybag by treating different doses on each treatment. The number of treatments were given doses of 0 g (P0), 1 g (P1), 284 g (P2), 426 g (P3) and 568 g (P4) with replications each three times. Analysis metode for use macro nutrient content (N, P, K) and data collection in the form of plant height, leaves, production and environmental factors. Data analysis used Duncan α 0.05. The results of the analysis of the treatment effect on plant height were P4 (Media of soil with combustion horse fertilizer from 568 g) treatment significantly different from other treatments. While other treatments did not show a significant difference in plant height. The effect of treatment on the number of leaves showed no real effect. In the growth and production of curly red chilies there are markedly significant differences. P4 is significantly different from P3, P2, P1 and P0. Whereas P3 is not significantly different from P1 as well as P2 which is significantly different from other treatments. P4 is a treatment with a large number of fruits with an average of 10.3 pieces. While treatment with a small number of fruits is P0 with an average of 2.3 fruits. Combustion horse manure organic fertilizer is quite effective in increasing the growth and production of red chili. It can be assessed from the development of plant height and number of fruits on curly red chili plants. The dose of horse manure organic fertilizer which is good enough for curly red chili plants is 568 g.

PERUBAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI KECAMATAN KELARA DAN RUMBIA KABUPATEN JENEPONTO

Land use that is incompatible with the function of land can lead to negative effects, therefore it is necessary to set the direction of land use change in land use. This study aims to determine the dynamics of land use during the period of 15 years (1999-2013) and determine the fit between the spatial patterns of spatial plans with the actual land use in Rumbia and Kelara, Jeneponto. The study was conducted through data collection and analysis of data, the data used include primary data and secondary data obtained through observation, field observations, and other supporting data. Data already collected subsequently analyzed by using descriptive and quantitative analysis by means of data interpretation and overlay maps with GIS systems. The results of the study show that obtained six classes of land use consisting of forests, gardens, settlements, rice fields, shrubs and moorings / fields indicate that land use has decreased by 2.66% in 1999, 2004 by 1, 44%, and in 2013 decreased to 1.09% and those that experienced an increase in area were fields / fields of 50.44% in 1999, in 2004 it increased to 62.10%, and in 2013 the area increased to 69.52%.