Kulturowo-językowe wyróżniki niemieckojęzycznego systemu nazewniczego w Szwajcarii. Współczesna plateonimia Solothurn i Bettlach

Polish scholars have not yet examined Swiss toponyms. The paper analyzes contemporary names of streets and squares of two municipalities in the canton of Solothurn, which has many historical ties with Poland. The primary focus is on the linguistic and cultural specificities. The paper also illustrates the fact that the main types of analyzed names (derived from city names, derived from names of persons, derived from common words) are widespread in Europe. The paper refers to historical and onomastic research from Switzerland.

Rudolf Šrámek, Retrográdní slovník místních jmen Moravy a Slezska, Masarykova univerzita, Brno 2013, 222 ss.

Recenzja

Архаїчні ойконіми на *‑j(ь): ареал і хронологія XV–ХХ ст.

The author of the article examines the area with places with names featuring the archaic suffix *-jь located within the borders of present-day Ukraine between the 15th and the 20th century. This general conclusion has been known for a long time because the oikonyms *-jь, *-ja, *-je in Slavic countries, including Ukraine, have been studied since the 19th century. Authors of such studies have explained the origins and structure of the various names, which are not easy to interpret on account of phonetic changes. However, knowledge of this group of oikonyms is insufficient in Ukraine, hence the idea of their detailed study and presentation on maps.

Zapisy toponimicznych poloników i bohemików wobec zagadnienia powstania i rozwoju polsko-czeskiej granicy językowej w średniowieczu

An analysis of the material presented in the article (geographical names, hydronyms, oronyms as well as anthroponyms) makes it possible to draw geolinguistic, onomastic and historical-linguistic conclusions concerning the Polish-Bohemian language borderland (between Silesia, Moravia and Bohemia) in the Middle Ages and to establish the areas in which the two languages could influence each other. In the 12th century, Silesia was strongly linked linguistically to the other provinces of former Poland. In the 13th century, direct contact between the Polish and Czech languages occurred in an area from Ostravice to Prudnik. In the 13th and 14th centuries contacts between the two languages in the area overlapped with German–Polish and German–Bohemian contacts. This resulted in changes of names, mixed names, spread of new naming models. Part of the language area of the Polish-Bohemian borderland became a German-speaking area. This determined the local nature of the Polish-Czech or Polish-Bohemian linguistic neighbourhood.

Obraz społeczności i kultury wiejskiej w historycznej mikrotoponimii Śląska

The author of the article examines the cognitive values of Silesia’s historical microtoponymy. The article is based on the names published in Słownik etymologiczny nazw geographicznych Śląska (Etymological dictionary of geographical names in Silesia). The analysed microtyponyms are a source of information about the life and work of people living in the region, about its natural environment, culture and language. An analysis of field names makes it possible to present some elements of the rural image of the world. It comprises names indicating the natural form of the landscape, forests and woodland areas, names of plants, wild animals, names associated with agriculture, with spiritual culture and customs. Most of the analysed names reflect the features of the Silesian local dialect.

Nomina propria v Kladských písničkách

Czech folk songs, which at the beginning of the previous century were written down in Kłodzko by the collector and ethnographer J.Š. Kubín, have undergone changes determined by the local specificity. In the article the author also describes changes caused by a transfer of folk songs from the centre to the peripheries.

Nazwy ukraińskich klubów piłkarskich w Galicji w pierwszej połowie XX wieku

In the article the author analyses the names of Ukrainian football clubs in Galicia in the first half of the 20th century from the point of view of their determinants. The sources encompass sports magazines functioning in Galicia in the inter-war period — in the 1920s and 1930s. The names of Galician football teams from the first half of the 20th century are combinations of abbreviations and onyms. The abbreviations do not differ considerably, but the onyms represent a broad range of names. The basic sources of names of Galician football clubs included names of towns: Dobromyl, Kolomyia, Zaluzhe, Pavlivka, Toporivci, and regions: Lemkivshchyna, Podolia in Ukraine; toponyms of historical significance to Ukrainians: Baturyn, Zaporozhian Sich; hydronyms: Dnieper, Dniester, Prut; oronyms: Beskid, Hoverla, and anthroponyms: Bohun, Dovbush, Karmeluk. A smaller group comprises general nouns: names of natural phenomena (hurricane, storm), topographical names and names of natural areas (cliff, rock, steppe), names of birds (eagle, falcon, lapwing) as well as names of state and national symbols (trident, unity, kalyna).

Rozlehlá krajina jmen v literárním díle Oty Hofmana

The article is an analysis of proper names in the oeuvre of one of the best known Czech authors in the second half of the 20th century. The author discusses their various functions in literary texts, stressing at the same time the strong link between Hofman’s works and the current social situation, which effectively prevents their publication in the new, changed times.

Przestrzeń miejska międzywojennego Opola z perspektywy nazw własnych

The main aim of the present study is to explore the names of urban sites and interpret them in a historical context. The author tries to examine as many names from the inter-war period as possible, paying particular attention to Polish names. An analysis of Polish and German names has made it possible demonstrate both the structural and the semantic-pragmatic similarity of their types. There are plenty of descriptive types, alongside association-informative names with elements of persuasion and publicity, as well as associations with political, historical, literary or religious content. The analysed urban names make it possible to reconstruct the diversity of the community living in Opole.