A Bibliometric Analysis of the Technological Innovation in China

This chapter uses direct citation network analysis and bibliometric analysis approach to explore the overall research development of China's technological innovation. Results show that environmental science ecology, engineering, science technology, and energy fuels are the top research topics related to China. A direct citation network of technological innovation in China is also illustrated to show the major themes of the technological innovation among key researchers in China. In addition, the authors adopt the relatedness measure as the basis of cluster analysis, which classifies five main research development groups related to the technological innovation in China. They then review the core papers under each group to illustrate the detailed development of each group. Researchers and practitioners can refer the results to identify the key papers in each development group and understand the influential research that may lead to the important technological innovations in China.

Profile Analysis of Research Output in Biotechnology in Turkey

The aim of this chapter is to reveal the research profile and intellectual accumulation of Turkey in the field of biotechnology by using bibliometric methods for the period 1973-2016. To this end, the period studied in this framework is divided into two sub-periods (1973-2003 and 2004-2016). Thus, it was aimed to analyze the effects of the Vision 2023 strategy document, which appeared in the 2000s and which considers biotechnology as one of the strategic technologies to be developed as a priority. Using the dataset created from the scanned records in the ISI Web of Science database, Turkey's publication trends, collaboration patterns, preferred journals and research subject areas were identified. Despite the improvement observed in publication performance and cooperation for the 2004-2006 sub-period, Turkey has lagged behind countries such as Brazil, India, and China, especially in terms of publication performance.

Blockchain Technologically Driven Innovation at the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

This chapter delves into the innovation of blockchain technology and its benefits for advancing the economic growth in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Blockchain technology provides the security and reliability that is required in the GCC region for enhancing the technology acceptance level of its population. Apart from providing security, blockchain technology offers financial efficiency, cost reduction, and the elimination of operational risks. Blockchain technology is equally beneficial for nonfinancial industries, such as the healthcare and education industry of the GCC region. The digital revolution based on blockchain technology is beneficial for GCC countries to shift their economic dependence from oil to innovations driven by technology. This will move the GCC to develop more smart cities as the GCC region has an ample amount of financial and human resources that are required for successful integration of blockchain technology in its numerous industries.

A Bibliometric Perspective on Technology-Driven Innovation in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries in Relation to Its Transformative Impact on International Business

This chapter presents a novel scientific research landscape of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) in order to access the research productivity, scholarly impact, and international collaborations across all GCC countries over the time period of 2008–2018, using the Scopus database. While we observe a significant increase in investing the resources in GCC world in order to build research infrastructure to make shift from only oil producing countries to knowledge-based economies, not enough efforts have been done to measure the outcomes of these investments. The chapter explores different thematic areas that have evolved over a decade related to TDI, top scientists, and top institutions in GCC. Further, the study investigates international collaboration networks within or outside GCC to better understand the venues of knowledge exchange with GCC countries. It is expected that the findings of this case study would provide an insight to the research landscape of the GCC and useful information to the scientific community as well as to the technology and innovation policymakers.

Technologically Driven Legal Framework of Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies

Blockchain technology refers to a digital, immutable, distributed ledger that registers completed transactions in a well-ordered manner and near real time. Blockchain security creates a decentralized environment that bars any third-party organization from controlling the cryptographically validated transactions and data. Blockchain technology fosters business innovation by creating a peer-to-peer networking that prevents one central server from accessing as well as processing data belonging to all companies in the network. Cryptocurrency can be defined as a digital asset built to facilitate completed transactions using cryptography. It helps in providing protection to the completed transactions and controlling the creation of additional units of the currency. In the recent years, the application of blockchain technology has been associated with governance. Blockchain governance has been applied in different fields; for example, it can be used to create permanent laws that cannot be violated by any third party.

Technology-Driven Innovative Municipalities

The chapter sheds light on the linkages between technology-driven innovation, innovative capabilities, activities, and their impact on innovation performance in Dubai Municipality. The methodology adopted is qualitative research using various sources of data, including reports, academic papers, and a survey of visitors and residents. The chapter aims to depict the relationship among a set of elements that foster innovation in the urban context, which is an integral part of an overarching strategy for mainstreaming public sector innovation. Leadership, culture, and infrastructure are critical determinants for an innovative municipality. A set of policy recommendations concludes the chapter to enhance innovation performance and sustainable innovation in cities by investing in digital transformation, smart infrastructure, and e-governance.

Social Capital

Social capital is the foundation of innovative capabilities. There's no denying the fact that innovation is nothing but a collaborative effort of different actors in partnerships formed between universities, industries, and governments, and social capital plays an integral role in all the stages of the innovation process, from developing creative ideas to commercialization of those ideas. It is due to social capital that communication, dispersal of information, and sharing knowledge is done effortlessly. Thus, investing in the development and management of social capital is the most crucial thing for developing a collection of innovative capabilities and gaining the potential to use those capabilities in order to achieve competitive advantage in the market.