Construction of Chicken Drinking Water Sterilization Device Using Ultraviolet Light Based on ATMega8535 Microcontroller

This research aimed to design of a chicken drinking water sterilization device using ultraviolet light-based microcontroller ATMega8535. After constructing the device, the test that is carried out were running the system according to the procedure, observing the performance of the system that begins with setting the sterilization timer at the minimum position, and recording the results. After the power supply was activated, the potentiometer of timer set to a minimum. The pump was on for 1 minute, then the UV lamp was also active and the process continues to repeat. Potentiometer was set to increase by 50% timer in 5 minutes position, and raised again to 100% at 10 minute position. The control process of this system is carried out by an ATMega8535 microcontroller that regulates the process of draining water from the container to the pipe, the length of time it takes to activate the ultraviolet lamp and the length of time it takes to activate the pump. This device was designed to demolish germs and bacteria in the water. The test resulted in a 100% reduction in bacteria in ultraviolet-illuminated water.

Optimizing the Division of Study Class Groups Using the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) Method

Optimization is a step to solve a problem to get more profitable results. Profitable based on the point of view used or the desired needs. The optimization value can be profitable in the maximum position or profitable in the minimum position. A problem can be solved in different ways, to produce the best solution. The best conditions can be viewed from many things, including tolerance, methods, and problems. Many theories have been developed to solve optimization problems. This optimization problem is often discussed because it is very close to human life. In this case, optimization can be interpreted as the process of achieving the most optimal results by adjusting input, selecting equipment, mathematical processes, and testing. Thereby in this paper, the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) method has succeeded in optimizing class grouping by calculating the closest distance between the achievement and intelligence of each student.

The Characteristic Properties of the Minimal Lp-Mean Width

Giannopoulos proved that a smooth convex body K has minimal mean width position if and only if the measure hK(u)σ(du), supported on Sn-1, is isotropic. Further, Yuan and Leng extended the minimal mean width to the minimal Lp-mean width and characterized the minimal position of convex bodies in terms of isotropicity of a suitable measure. In this paper, we study the minimal Lp-mean width of convex bodies and prove the existence and uniqueness of the minimal Lp-mean width in its SL(n) images. In addition, we establish a characterization of the minimal Lp-mean width, conclude the average Mp(K) with a variation of the minimal Lp-mean width position, and give the condition for the minimum position of Mp(K).

Soccer is Harder Than Football

It is known that deciding whether or not a team in a soccer tournament in progress can still win or, more generally, can obtain a certain position is NP-complete. We show that deciding whether or not a team is guaranteed a certain minimum position is coNP-complete. We also show that deciding with regards to goal difference, the standard tie-breaker for teams having the same number of points, whether or not a team can reach a certain position is NP-complete.

Cost-Effective Hedges and Accounting Standards

Using return data from other studies, we show that traditional short hedgers often face a cost in the form of a positive derivative risk premium. Consequently, the hedge ratio chosen should be significantly less than the traditional risk minimum hedge ratio since marginal cost rises dramatically as the risk minimum position is approached. We present a modified hedge ratio and hedge effectiveness measures to replace the commonly used risk minimum equivalents. The use of these alternative measures is permissible under SFAS No. 133 and IAS No. 39 and leads to improved hedging decisions.