PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG UMBI GADUNG (DIOSCOREA HISPIDA DENNST) MENJADI KUE KERING KAASTENGELS

Abstrak Penelitian eksperimen ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan (1) kualitas kue kering kaastengels tepung gadung yang dilihat dari aspek rasa, warna dan tekstur. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode observasi dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa uji lembar organoleptik dengan 3 tingkat yaitu baik, cukup dan kurang. Panelis dalam penelitian ini merupakan panelis terlatih yang terdiri dari 25 orang panelis. Teknik analisis data digunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas kue kering kaastengels tepung gadung dilihat dari aspek (1) rasa dengan skor rata-rata 2,84 berada pada kategori baik sesuai dengan tolak ukur rasa gurih dan terasa keju, (2) aspek warna dengan skor rata-rata 2,84 berada pada kategori baik sesuai dengan tolak ukur warna kuning keemasan, (3) aspek tekstur dengan skor rata-rata 2,72 berada pada kategori baik dengan tolak ukur memiliki tekstur rapuh dan tidak mudah patah. Kata Kunci : Kue Kering Kaastengels, Kualitas, Tepung Gadung. Abstract This eksperimental study is aims at describing the (1) quality of kaastengels cookies of a gadung flour that is seen in the sense of the taste, colour and textures. The method of collecting data used in this study is an observation method using the instrument of a form of organicptic tissue test with 3 levels is good, enough and less. Panelists in this study were trained panelists consisting of 25 panelists. Data analysis techniques used quantitative descriptive techniques. The results showed that the quality of gadung flour kaastengels cookies was seen from aspects (1) of taste with an average score of 2,84 in the good category, (2) colour aspects with an average score 2,84 in the good category according to the golden yellow benchmark, (3) textural aspects with an average score of 2,72 are in the good category with benchmark having a brittle texture and not easily broken. Keywords: Kaastengels cookies, quality, gadung flour.

Detecting T790M mutation of tissue and plasma ctDNA samples by ARMS in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients after disease progression.

e20625 Background: T790M mutation is the most common mechanism of acquired EGFR TKI resistance. The use of T790M-targeted EGFR TKIs needs re-biopsy to confirm the existence of sensitive mutation. People wonder whether blood can replace tissue to diagnose acquired T790M mutation. Methods: We performed a prospective study in our institution (West China Hospital, Chengdu, China) between 2014 and 2016. Patients were eligible if they have advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC, clinical resistance to EGFR TKIs, and were undergoing a re-biopsy for EGFR genotyping as part of their routine clinical care. We used ARMS to sequence EGFR of tissue and blood sample. Blood collection was performed within 2 weeks of the repeat biopsy. Measurement of diagnostic concordance among two different methods was done using cohen’s kappa, and the McNemar test used to judge significance. All statistical analysis was performed with the use of SPSS 20.0. Results: Forty-five patients were enrolled in this study. Thirty-eight patients received tissue test, thirty-one patients received plasma ctDNA test, and twenty-four patients received both tissue and plasma ctDNA tests. 26/38 (38.4%) reported positive T790M mutation by tissue test, and 13/31 (41.9%) by plasma ctDNA test. In 24 patients received both tissue and plasma ctDNA tests, 10/24 (41.7%) were concordant for T790M mutation status (κ = 0.006, p = 0.013). The positive rate of T790M mutation is 70.8% by tissue test, and 37.5% by plasma ctDNA test. In 17 patients reported positive T790M mutation by tissue test, 7/17 (41.2%) also reported positive T790M mutation by plasma ctDNA test, and 3 of the 7 positive ctDNA tests (42.9%) reported weakly positive T790M mutation. In the other 7 patients reported negative T790M mutation by tissue test, 2/7 (28.6%) reported positive T790M mutation by plasma ctDNA test. Conclusions: The positive rate of ARMS in our study is high than that of some reported new technologies. The level of plasma ctDNA was reported to relate to prognosis. Hence, plasma ctDNA cannot fully replace tissue to diagnose acquired T790M mutation after disease progression. It is important and significant to develop new technology to improve the safety of tissue biopsy.