Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit Utama Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) di PT PG Rajawali II Jatitujuh Majalengka

ABSTRACTPest and disease monitoring aim to determine the type, sign/symptoms, and intensity of attacks. The rat (Bandicota indica), stem borer (chilo sacchariphagus Bojer), and shoot borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker) place major constraints on a sugarcane plantation in PT PG Rajawali Jatitujuh Majalengka districts. The intensity of attacks (IS) of these pests reached 8.6%, 1.26%, and 0.86%, respectively. The intensity of rats reached as high as more than 5%. Shoot borer and stem borer attack are low under 5%. The smut disease caused by the fungus Ustilago scitaminea Sydow with an attacking intensity of 1.53% and belongs to the low category. Integrated pest and disease control include technical, physical / mechanical, biological, and chemical culture. ABSTRAKMonitoring hama dan penyakit bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis, gejala, insidensi serangan dan cara pengendaliannya. Hama utama tebu di PT PG Rajawali II Jatitujuh Majalengka yaitu hama tikus wirok (Bandicota indica Bechstein), penggerek batang tebu/stem borer (Chilo sacchariphagus Bojer), dan penggerek pucuk tebu/shoot borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker). Insidensi serangan (IS) masing-masing mencapai 8,6%, 1,26% dan 0,86%. Insidensi serangan hama tikus tergolong tinggi dengan standar ambang batas ekonomi yang ditentukan yaitu 0%. Insidensi serangan hama penggerek tebu termasuk kategori ringan yaitu di bawah ambang ekonomi 5%. Penyakit utama yaitu luka api/cambuk jelaga yang disebabkan jamur Ustilago scitaminea Sydow dengan insidensi serangan 1.53% dan termasuk kategori ringan. Pengendalian hama dan penyakit dilakukan secara terpadu meliputi kultur teknis, fisik/mekanis, biologi dan kimia.

Evaluation of chemical pesticides for the management of Top Borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker) in sugarcane

An experiment was conducted at research field of National Sugarcane Research Program, Jeetpur, Nepal in 2014 and 2016, to evaluate the efficacy of chemical insecticides against sugarcane top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker). Nine different treatments viz. Chlorantraniliprole 0.4 G, Cartap hydrochloride 4 G, Fipronil 0.3 G, Carbofuran 3 G (standard check) as soil application and foliar spray of Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, Thiodicarp 75 WP, Spinosad 45 SC, Chlorpyrifos 20 EC (standard check) and one untreated check (control) were used in randomized complete block design with three replications. The top borer susceptible genotype, Co 0238 was planted on February and single application of these insecticides was done on July at brood stage against top borers. The lowest 10.65 and 12.43, 13.68, 14.61, 14.15 percentage of top borer damage was found in foliar application of Chlorantraniliprole @ 35g a.i. /ha followed by Spinosad @ 125g a.i. /ha and soil application of Cartap hydrochloride @ 1500g a.i /ha and foliar application of Thiodicarp @ 1500g a.i. /ha and Fipronil @ 100g a.i. /ha. The infestation percentage reduction over control was found highest in Chlorantraniliprole (69.40%) followed by Spinosad (64.29%) treated plots. Furthermore, the cane yield was highest in Chlorantraniliprole (92.30 mt/ha) and Spinosad (90.06 mt/ha) treated plots than that of other insecticide treated plots. The number of millable canes and cane diameter in the plots among the treatment was found non-significant. Based on the infestation reduction rate, foliar application of the chemical insecticide (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC and Spinosad 45 SC) could be better option for chemical management of sugarcane top borer.

Shoot Borers Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker Attack on Sugarcane at Three Planting Systems

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Scirpophaga excerptalis W alker shoot borers is one of the major pests of sugarcane. The p lants at tacked by this pests wil l dec rease in yield, productivity, and sugar c rystal. The experiment was conducted at the experimental station, in Muktiharjo, Pati fr om January to May 201 3. The aims of the experiment was to determine the coverity of S. excerptalis s hoot borers a ttack on three su garcane cropping systems of (S. officinarum L.). The treatment co nsisted of thr ee cro pping systems: 1) single row, 2) wide double row, and 3) narrow double row. Treatments arranged in a randomized complate block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed that the use of wide double row cropping systems can increase shoot borers attack S. excerptalis, higher than the other cropping systems. Based on this research result, it is recommended to select planting system that can increase plant population but not to decrease intensity of light. From this, wide double row is selected.<br />Keyword: Top borers, Scirpophaga excerptalis Walke, Saccharum officinarum L., planting system.</p><p> </p><p>SERANGAN PENGGEREK PUCUK Scirpophaga excerptalis WALKER (LEPIDOPTERA; PYRALIDAE) PADA TIGA SISTEM TANAM TEBU (Saccharum officinarum L.)</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Salah satu jenis hama utama tanaman tebu adalah penggerek pucuk Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker. Serangan hama tersebut pada pertanaman tebu dapat menurunkan produktivitas, rendemen dan hasil hablurnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Muktiharjo, Pati mulai bulan Januari sampai dengan Mei 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat serangan penggerek pucuk S. excerptalis pada tiga sistem tanam tebu (S. officinarum). Perlakuan terdiri atas 3 sistem tanam, yaitu 1) juring tunggal, 2) juring ganda rapat, dan 3) juring ganda lebar, disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan juring ganda rapat pada sistem tanam tebu dapat meningkatkan serangan penggerek pucuk S. excerptalis lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan juring ganda lebar dan juring tunggal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut disarankan untuk memilih sistem tanam yang dapat meningkatkan populasi tanaman tetapi tidak menurunkan intensitas cahaya yang masuk. Pada hasil penelitian ini, sistem tanam yang dipilih adalah juring ganda lebar.<br />Kata kunci: Penggerek pucuk, Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker, Saccharum officinarum L., sistem tanam<br /><br /></p>