Identification of the ground movements caused by mining-induced seismicity with the satellite interferometry

The assessment of the impact of mining-induced seismicity on the natural environment and infrastructure is often limited to the analysis of terrain surface vibrations. However, similar seismic phenomena, like earthquakes, may also imply dislocations and deformations of the rock mass. Such ground movements may occur in areas which are not directly under the influence of the mining. The study of the displacement field caused by mining-induced seismicity is usually carried out with the use of geodetic methods. Classical geodetic measurements provide discrete information about observed ground movements. As a result, they generally do not provide spatially and temporally relevant estimates of the total range and values of ground movements for specific periods of interest. Moreover, mining-induced seismicity causes a severe threat to buildings. That is why, regarding the complexity of the mechanism of occurrence of mining-induced seismicity and their impact on ground movements, this problem remains a substantial research issue. The presented research aimed to analyse the ground movements caused by mining-induced seismicity. The ground displacements were established based on data from Sentinel-1 satellites applying differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR). The results of the investigation in the copper mining area of the Lower Silesia region of Poland revealed that the observed subsidence caused by mining-induced seismicity usually has a shape of a regular ellipse. The radius of these ground movements does not exceed approximately 2–3 km from the mining-induced tremor's epicenter, and the total subsidence reaches ca. 10–20 cm. More than 50 % of the total subsidence is observed on the surface within a few days after the mining tremor occurrence. Furthermore, the deformations of the surface occur when the energy of mining-induced tremor reaches values of the order of 105 J or higher. The presented research can contribute to better identification and evaluation of the mechanism of the rock mass deformation process caused by mining-induced seismicity. In addition, the use of satellite radar interferometry improves the quality of monitoring of these dynamic phenomena significantly. The data retrieved using this method allow for quasi-continuous monitoring of the local subsidence bowls caused by mining-induced seismicity.

Towards unraveling total subsidence of a mega-delta – the potential of new PS InSAR data for the Mekong delta

Total subsidence in deltaic areas is the cumulative effect of a range of driving mechanisms, both natural and anthropogenic. The populous and low-lying Vietnamese Mekong delta is facing accelerating subsidence rates and effective mitigation strategies are urgently needed to save-guard the future sustainability of the delta. This paper gathers results from existing measurements and estimates of subsidence in the Mekong delta and presents new, delta-wide datasets of PSI observations of vertical velocity from 2014–2019. We describe the practical application of this new data in ongoing projects in Vietnam and outline a planned approach to determine depth-dependent subsidence rates, using this new dataset in combination with field surveys and physics-based numerical models, to advance towards improved quantitation of the contributions of individual subsidence mechanisms.

3D Architecture and Plio-Quaternary evolution of the Paola Basin: Insights into the Forearc of the Tyrrhenian-Ionian Subduction System

<p>Fore-arc basins form structurally in response to a variety of subduction zone processes. The sedimentary infill records the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the basin, and thus, provides information on the dynamic of the fore-arc region. Using seismic reflection profiles and bathymetric data, we analysed the stratigraphy and tectonics of the Paola Basin, deciphering the tectono-sedimentary mechanisms that acted in the forearc of the Tyrrhenian‐Ionian subduction system during the Plio-Quaternary. The Paola Basin is a NNW-SSE trending syncline, bounded by the Coastal Chain to the east and a regional-scale anticline, here called Paola Anticline, to the west. There are no major normal faults bordering the basin. It hosts up to 5.2 km thick Plio-Quaternary deposits, most of them supplied from Apenninic/Sila entry points and transported by longshore currents. The total subsidence reaches the value of ∼5 km. The sedimentary load varies from 60% to 75% of the total subsidence. The Pliocene to Lower Pleistocene sedimentary infill of the syncline displays a strata growth geometry consistent with a continuous rotation of the eastern limb of the Paola Anticline. Crustal folding is the mechanism that better explains the lack of significant normal faults bordering the Paola Basin, its tectonic subsidence and the uplift of the Paola Anticline. During the Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene, contractional deformation continued, and also strike-slip movements affected both the Paola Anticline and the eastern sector of the basin. This resulted in the growth of the central sector of the Coastal Chain, leading to the definition of the Paola and Crati basins, previously connected in a larger proto basin. Also, strike-slip faults with associated releasing and restraining bends formed in the hinge zone of the Paola Anticline. The bathymetric expression of the strike-slip zone consists of structural highs and depressions that overall form the Paola Ridge. The development of strike-slip tectonics is associated to the trench-parallel component of the upper plate motion occurring in the oblique subduction setting. The growth of the Paola Anticline and Paola Basin was coeval with the opening of the Vavilov and Marsili back arc basins. Thus, extensional and contractional tectonics spatially coexisted along sectors of the upper plate of the Tyrrhenian-Ionian subduction system from Early Pliocene to Early Pleistocene. Since the Middle Pleistocene, the growth of the Paola Anticline and Paola Basin came to an end, and extensional tectonics controlled the evolution of the forearc region.</p>

Monitoring Study on Drift Deformation by Shield Tunnel

Take the one-third of the allowable values as the basic value. The control standards of the ground subsidence is 30mm, and the control standards of the ground swell is 10mm. Take one typically stretch of sites as research object by the buried depth and plane disposition condition. Take ten sections and the kilometer post. Consider 52 contents as of an analysis. The maximum subsidence is mostly kept within 13mm. The monitoring data of each lateral section are certain differences because of the different gemological conditions, the water quality, soils covered and so on. When the shield drives off the monitoring section, the subsidence is about 6mm~16mm and 50% of the total subsidence. The main subsidence appears after the shield tail pass out for sand.

The Analysis on the Tectonic Subsidence of Linnan Sag Located in Huimin Sag during the Depositional Stage of Es4

On the basis of back-stripping analysis of 30 wells in Linnan sag，in this paper we calculate the tectonic subsidence as well as the total subsidence about the upper and lower sub-section of Es4 in Linnan sag, then we obtain the graph of the tectonic subsidence and analyze the tectonic subsidence history of Es4, and get a result of the basin’s geological structure moments strength and the tectonic geology, as well as the degree of development of the basin in order to know more about the tectonic history and the law of hydrocarbon accumulation in this area.