Identifying the Immediate and Remote Causes of Pipeline Disasters in Nigeria

Several occurrences of the transport system of the natural gold vandalisms in Nigeria, especially in the Niger Delta part of Nigeria is so upfront and seem never-ending. However, this seemed also to be a result of many factors ranging from the unemployment of youths and the inadequate management and necessary government policies to be put in place to ensure guaranteed security. Past researchers have observed and given the fact that the major causes of this disaster are attached to a technical fault and some failures in aging, corrosion, and mechanical challenges like those welding effects. This research work examined immediate and remote causes of pipeline disasters considering the dimension of factors, the level of preparedness of people for the pipeline disasters, and the risk perception of people, the socioeconomic characteristics and the destruction of the pipelines.

Unusual Hybrid Closure of Ventricular Septal Defects

A planned combined perventricular and “open heart” surgical closure of multiple ventricular septal defects had to be modified intraoperatively due to a technical fault disabling echocardiographic guidance. Through an atriotomy, device closure of a muscular defect and patch closure of a perimembranous ventricular septal defect were performed. In unusual situations, collaboration of the surgical and interventional team is crucial.