Research on double-faced jacquard fabric with compound full-backed structure of three wefts

Weft-backed structures with compound weft colours can express the mixed colour effect. However, this structure is not suitable for jacquard fabrics with a double-faced shading effect in the traditional single layer design mode. Taking twenty-thread sateen with a step number (S) of 7 as an example, this paper investigates a design method for compound full-backed structure with three shaded-weave databases (SWDs) by selecting the primary weaves (PWs), designing the compound full-backed technical points and establishing the compound structure database with three SWDs. With this design method, a double-faced shading effect in combination with non-backed and full-backed effects on different sides of the jacquard fabric at the same position is generated. The fabric colour card was produced with three SWDs and three sets of different coloured wefts, and their colour values were measured, followed by an analysis of the compound structures on the reverse side, lightness, colour purity and colour difference (DE*ab) of the specimens. The results showed that the three covering effects on the reverse side, partly covered, critical position and totally covered, could be adjusted by controlling the step number and the transition direction of PW-C. For the specimens on the edges of the fabric colour card, their lightness and colour purity values showed a uniform transition effect along with the shading process; their colour differences ranged from 1.23 to 3.69, both in the range of 2–5, and showed a trace or slight colour difference between two adjacent fabric specimens, indicating that the colour shading effect with the three SWDs is stable.

The missing-colour effect: The attentional beam captures reading-relevant and reading-irrelevant information

According to many models, reading is driven by an attentional beam. In two experiments, we investigated the specificity of the beam by testing its sensitivity to a reading-irrelevant feature: colour. More specifically, participants were asked to read either a black-and-white version or a multi-colour version of the text in which each letter was printed in a different colour. In addition, while reading for comprehension, participants either searched for a target letter ( t or d) or for a colour (pink or black). In Experiment 1, we used the Nelson–Denny reading test and in Experiment 2, we used an experimental text. In both the experiments, the typical missing-letter effect was observed with letters: Participants missed more letters in function than in content words. Most importantly, although the effect was smaller, this pattern of results was also observed when participants searched for a colour (e.g., pink or black letters in a multi-coloured passage). Our results suggest that the attentional beam involved in reading is sensitive to both reading-relevant and reading-irrelevant information.

PEMBUATAN KONSENTRAT ZAT WARNA ALAMI UNTUK BAHAN MAKANAN DARI DAUN PANDAN DAN BIJI KESUMBA BESERTA PENERAPANNYA

<p><strong><em>Abstract:</em></strong><em> Pandanus leaf and </em><em>B</em><em>ixa orellana linn seed can be used as natural colourant. This colourant has a beautiful colour effect and hardly to be imitated by synthetic colourant.</em><em> Based on other study, n</em><em>atural colourant concentrate from </em><em>these</em><em> seed </em><em>was</em><em> tested into soaked food and dried foodl in order </em><em>to </em><em>increase food quality. </em><em>In this study, we used</em><em> </em><em>P</em><em>andanus leaf and </em><em>B</em><em>ixa orellana linn seed with water as solvent</em><em> in extraction process. Colourant and solvent was then separated by distillation. </em><em> </em><em>A</em><em>bsorb</em><em>a</em><em>ncy and pH</em><em> of product were then analysized.</em><em> Absorbency </em><em>analysis was conducted</em><em> </em><em>using</em><em> pectrophotometer.</em><em> E</em><em>xtraction</em><em> of 1</em><em> kg of raw material and 5 </em><em>L</em><em> of </em><em>water at </em><em>100^oC </em><em>in stirred tank for </em><em>30 minutes </em><em>operation </em><em>produce</em><em>d</em><em> a thin colourant substance. Distillation</em><em> of this substance </em><em>at 100^oC </em><em>produced 300 mL of concentrated substance. We found that 1 kg</em><em> of </em><em>P</em><em>andanus le</em><em>af</em><em> </em><em>generate</em><em> 60</em><em>.</em><em>66 grams of colourant substance and </em><em>1 kg</em><em> of </em><em>B</em><em>ixa orellana linn seed </em><em>generate</em><em> 119</em><em>.</em><em>14 grams. </em><em>Absorbancy </em><em>analysis</em><em> of product</em><em> at 520 nm length of wave and pH 5-6 </em><em>showed that</em><em> concentration of </em><em>product from B</em><em>ixa orellana linn seed </em><em>is</em><em> higher than </em><em>product from P</em><em>andanus </em><em>leaf</em><em>. </em><em>Products of liquid</em><em> colourant substance </em><em>were</em><em> </em><em>then </em><em>tested into soaked and dried food</em><em> such as </em><em>Bolu Kukus cake</em><em>, </em><em>Klepon</em><em> and</em><em> Rengginang. Liquid colourant substance </em><em>from P</em><em>andanus leaf give</em><em>s</em><em> brown and dark green </em><em>colour </em><em>with fragrance</em><em>,</em><em> whereas </em><em>B</em><em>ixa orellana linn seed gives dark yellow and dark red colour with distinctive smell.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>Keyword</em></strong><strong><em>s</em></strong><strong><em>: </em></strong><em>natural colour, pandanus and bixa orellana linn, consentrate.</em></p>

No effect of blue on winning contests in judo

A study by Rowe et al . reported a winning bias for judo athletes wearing a blue outfit relative to those wearing a white one during the 2004 Olympics. It was suggested that blue is associated with a higher likelihood of winning through differential effects of colour on opponent visibility and/or an intimidating effect on the opponent. However, we argue that there is no colour effect on winning in judo. We show that alternative factors, namely allocation biases, asymmetries in prior experience and differences in recovery time are possible confounding factors in the analysis of Rowe et al . After controlling for these factors, we found no difference in blue and white wins. We further analysed contest outcomes of 71 other major judo tournaments and also found no winning bias. Our findings have implications for sports policy makers: they suggest that a white–blue outfit pairing ensures an equal level of play.