Metal of Iron (Fe) and Mangan (Mn) from Waste Water Coal Mining With Fitormediation Techniques with Using Floating Fern (Salvinia natans), Water Lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and Water-Hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes)

Coal mining activities can cause problems from for environment, especially the mining with surface mining method producing acid mine water. To solve these problems, we need to restore the output water conditionbefore it flows into the public waters so it can meet the environmental quality standard in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations. In this research, coal mining waste management was done by phytoremediation technique. This technique is the use water plants to give wastewater treatment. Water plants was used in this study was Kiambang (Salvinianatans), Apu wood plant (Pistiastratatiotes), and water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipers). This research observed the effect of time on the absorption of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) and the species of plant was used as phytoremediation agent. The results of the study discovered that the highest metal absorption in plants (phytoremediation agents) for 30 days for Mangan (Mn) parameter was water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipers) and the most absorption agent for iron was Kiambang (Salvinianatans) while based on measurement of metal content in the wastewater of mining, water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipers) was the most effective agent to absorb the iron (Fe) and Kiambang (Salvinianatans) absorbed Mangan (Mn) the most.

METAL OF IRON (Fe) AND MANGAN (Mn) FROM WASTE WATER COAL MINING WITH FITOREMEDIATION TECHNIQUES WITH USING FLOATING FERN (Salvinia natans), WATER LETTUCE (Pistia stratiotes) AND WATER-HYACINTH (Eichornia crassipes)

Coal mining activities can cause problems from for environment, especially the mining with surface mining method producing acid mine water. To solve these problems, we need to restore the output water conditionbefore it flows into the public waters so it can meet the environmental quality standard in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations. In this research, coal mining waste management was done by phytoremediation technique. This technique is the use water plants to give wastewater treatment. Water plants was used in this study was Kiambang (Salvinianatans), Apu wood plant (Pistiastratatiotes), and water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipers). This research observed the effect of time on the absorption of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) and the species of plant was used as phytoremediation agent. The results of the study discovered that the highest metal absorption in plants (phytoremediation agents) for 30 days for Mangan (Mn) parameter was water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipers) and the most absorption agent for iron was Kiambang (Salvinianatans) while based on measurement of metal content in the wastewater of mining, water hyacinth (Eichhorniacrassipers) was the most effective agent to absorb the iron (Fe) and Kiambang (Salvinianatans) absorbed Mangan (Mn) the most.

Ultraviolet Light Absorption of an Ophthalmic Formulation with Aloe Extracts

Aloin and polysaccharide present in extracts of Aloe arborescens Miller were formulated into a binary solution to protect eyes from bacterial infection and ultraviolet radiation (UVR). The UVR absorption spectrum was recorded from 190 to 440 nm using a UV spectrometer. The physical properties of the product were examined in terms of its appearance, odor, pH, viscosity, density, refractive index, and stability. The binary solution exhibited three absorption peaks in the UVA, B and C regions, respectively. Such UV absorption capability was attributed to the phenolic chromophores pertaining to aloin. The present study suggested that the formulated binary solution has potential application as an UV absorption agent with built-in antimicrobial activity.

Radiative equilibrium in the ionosphere

The equations of radiative equilibrium in the earth ’s atmosphere are examined with special reference to high temperatures in the ionosphere arising out of a radiation balance between heavy ultra-violet absorption in the ultra-violet and relatively weak infra-red emission. It is suggested that while molecular oxygen is the principal ultra-violet absorption agent at heights below 250 km., at greater heights the absorption is mainly due to atomic oxygen. Similarly, it is suggested that while water vapour is the principal infra-red radiator at a height of 100 km., at much greater heights water vapour is absent and the temperature is effectively controlled by negative ions at a height of 250 km. and perhaps by dust at much greater heights. The gravitational equilibrium of a dissociating oxygen atmosphere is discussed, reference being made to the effects of collisions and of absorption of the dissociating radiation.