Stray radiation produced in FLASH electron beams characterized by the MiniPIX Timepix3 Flex detector

This work aims to characterize ultra-high dose rate pulses (UHDpulse) electron beams using the hybrid semiconductor pixel detector. The Timepix3 (TPX3) ASIC chip was used to measure the composition, spatial, time, and spectral characteristics of the secondary radiation fields from pulsed 15–23 MeV electron beams. The challenge is to develop a single compact detector that could extract spectrometric and dosimetric information on such high flux short-pulsed fields. For secondary beam measurements, PMMA plates of 1 and 8 cm thickness were placed in front of the electron beam, with a pulse duration of 3.5 µs. Timepix3 detectors with silicon sensors of 100 and 500 µm thickness were placed on a shifting stage allowing for data acquisition at various lateral positions to the beam axis. The use of the detector in FLEXI configuration enables suitable measurements in-situ and minimal self-shielding. Preliminary results highlight both the technique and the detector’s ability to measure individual UHDpulses of electron beams delivered in short pulses. In addition, the use of the two signal chains per-pixel enables the estimation of particle flux and the scattered dose rates (DRs) at various distances from the beam core, in mixed radiation fields.

A new type of hollow-shallow steel and concrete composite floor beam

Recently in Vietnam, steel-concrete composite structures especially composite beams are widely constructed in high-rise buildings. To apply broader in construction field mainly in secondary beam systems, the new type of slim-floor composite beam is proposed to aim at reducing the cost, saving the raw material, and decreasing the overall floor depth for sustainable development orientation. This type of floor beam structure consists of built-up hollow-shallow steel beam mandatory connected with cast in situ concrete slab through the openings at both side of web along the beam. The shear connection level of composite beam is depended on not only the friction at the connected surface between hollow steel section and concrete but also the shear resistance of concrete dowels, which go through the openings. The paper deals with an innovative shape of cross-section and design philosophy of composite beam according to EN 1994-1-1.

A human heartbeat frequencies based 2-DOF piezoelectric energy harvester for pacemaker application

In the last decade, piezoelectric energy harvesters have received a significant attention from the scientific community. This comes along with the need of developing self-powered devices such as medical implant to reduce the cost and risk of surgery. This paper investigates a two degree of freedom (2-DOF) piezoelectric energy harvester device to be integrated into a pacemaker. The 2-DOF is designed as a cut-out beam with a secondary beam cut into a primary one. The system is developed to operate in the frequency range of 0–2 Hz, with an acceleration of 1 g (9.8 m/s2) to match the heartbeat frequencies (1–1.67 Hz). The system uses a Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) and a Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) as lead beam to compensate the brittleness of PZT. COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to model and analyze the resonant frequencies of the system, and the stress in the piezoelectric beam. The proposed device has a compact volume of 26 × 11.58 × 0.41 mm, which can fit perfectly in a pacemaker whose battery volume has been reduced by 50%. The output voltage and power are determined through analytical calculus using Matlab. Typical pacemakers require 1 μW to operate. Thus, with a peak power of 30.97 μW at 1.5 Hz and an average output power of 11.05 μW observed from 0.9 to 1.7 Hz, the harvester can power a pacemaker. It is assumed that the energy harvester could extend its life time for 5–10 more years. Furthermore, the harvester operates at extremely low frequency and produces reasonable power, making it suitable for biomedical devices.

An enhanced hybrid piezoelectric–electromagnetic energy harvester using dual-mass system for vortex-induced vibrations

This article proposes a novel hybrid piezoelectric–electromagnetic vortex-induced vibration energy harvester from flow of water inside of a pipe. The piezoelectric energy harvester was modeled with a macro-fiber composite P2-type while the electromechanical transduction was modeled by an elastic magnet coupled to the bluff body movement. A dual-mass configuration was proposed to increase the energy harvesting efficiency. Theoretical models and the submerged natural frequencies of the hybrid energy harvesters were outlined. Computational fluid dynamics and finite element analysis with ANSYS were used to visualize the response in synchronization and output the voltage extracted from the harvesting mechanisms. The addition of a secondary system improves the amount of harvestable energy and outputs more energy than just a single system. This demonstrates the superiority of a dual-mass hybrid system. A tuned secondary beam was used for L-body configurations to make use of inline oscillations, and the secondary piezoelectric output improved for all configurations. Secondary beam tuning also improved the performance of the harvester by any amount between 21% and 52% when compared against a single-mass hybrid energy harvester. A comparative study showed that the L-vertical and vertical bluff-body-tuned was the best performing hybrid-PE energy harvester based on total voltage output.

Affordable Roofing System with Square and Rectangular Dome Panels

Affordable roofing is a word, which refers to residence units or habitation units whose prices are assumed/expected to be affordable or economical to a category of community with an identified remuneration limit or scale. Structural roofs are taken in to computation for considerable or valuable price of building in ordinary condition. Thus some savings accomplished in roofing operation or roofing system, significantly decreases the price of the structural units or building unit. In India, BMTPC (Building material and technology promotion council) and HUDCO ( Housing and urban development corporation limited) are the main tow organization or council who have been advertising or promoting appropriate building material and construction technologies in different territory or division of the country. In this roofing, systemized, standardized, advanced roofing units or parts have been used to avoid the temporary structures like shuttering. Hence, the roofing will be economical and progress of work is fast which ensures better in quality. Even though the studies, experiments or researching on this affordable roofing system as not been completely utilized as in other sector or region, a concentrated examination or exploration is to be done to verify the prefabricated roofing which would change the common roofing procedure. The major requisite of choosing affordable roofing system is to develop or advance the rapidity in construction and to decrease the price. In the current work, staadpro software is used for designing the precast RCC roofs and analysis of joist by analytical study using the finite element method. The outcomes which manifest the satisfactory volume of price or cost depletion for various set of panels. In this design, we have considered two least dimensions of 0.5m and 0.75m panels. The aspect ratios which is varying from 1 to 2 and the price depletion is of 0.4% to 9.4% for the least dimension of 0.5m panels. Likewise aspect ratio varying from 1 to 2 with a price depletion from 19.7% to 34.7% for a least dimensions of 0.75m panel size. As the size of the panels increases it becomes cost effective. The preferred roofing system was found to be more cost beneficial as compared with regular RCC roofing system with the increase in dimension of the slab. The roofing system is designed considering M20 concrete and fe415 steel. The beam system panels are precasted and can be easily placed in the position. 3 to 5 masons are enough to easily handle the loads of panels and primary, secondary beam because of weights of panels are less as compare to Conventional slabs. The affordable roofing systems requires lesser time for construction when compare to conventional RCC slab. The major advantage of this roofing is that false roofing works is not required for the dome shaped portion. This dome shaped portion sealing gives good attractive or decorative appearance. The cost analysis made between conventional roofing system and proposed roofing system indicates a cost reduction or depletion of 40% when compare to RCC slab of same size.

Investigation on steering of ultrarelativistic $$e^{\pm }$$ beam through an axially oriented bent crystal

An investigation on stochastic deflection of high-energy charged particles in a bent crystal was carried out. In particular, we investigated the deflection efficiency under axial confinement of both positively and negatively charged particles as a function of the crystal orientation, the choice of the bending plane, and of the charge sign. Analytic estimations and numerical simulations were compared with dedicated experiments at the H4 secondary beam line of SPS North Area, with 120 GeV/c electrons and positrons. In the work presented in this article, the optimal orientations of the plane of bending of the crystal, which allow deflecting the largest number of charged particles using a bent crystal in axial orientation, were found.

HEAVY ION BEAM PROBING CONCEPTUAL DESIGN FOR THE GLOBUS-M2 TOKAMAK

The paper discusses the application of the heavy ion beam probe (HIBP) diagnostic to the Globus-M2 spherical tokamak. Probing beam trajectory calculations were conducted to find the optimal position for HIBP primary and secondary beam-linesin the realistic machine geometry. Three configurations of the vacuum vessel ports of Globus-M2 were considered for the regime with toroidal magnetic field Btor=0.7 T and plasma current Ipl=0.5 MA. The optimal probing scheme with the widest area of the plasma cross-section covered by the detector grid was selected. For this scheme, the secondary beam-line was proposed.

MODIFIKASI STRUKTUR GEDUNG DENGAN BETON PRACETAK PADA APARTEMEN THE CONEXIO

The Conexio Appartements in actual condition are designed using conventional reinforced concrete method and does not have good quality. While in the project also often afected by the weather. The use of precast concrete are having some excellence of them are not affected by the weather, well maintained quality, and earthquake resistant. The connection between the precast elements play an important role in precast buildings to make the buildings resistant to earthquake. This modification is intended to created earthquake resistant precast building according to SNI 2847:2013 with good quality control. In this study, the building will be modified into 8 floors precast building as planned and reviewed which will be analyzed by ETABS. From the results of the modification according to SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 2847:2013 we obtained, main beam dimension 40x60cm, secondary beam 35x55 cm, column dimension 65x65 cm, overtopping 6 cm for slab and using Splice sleeve grout for column to column connection, lap splices 500mm for beam-column connection, and 30x40cm for concrete consol dimension.Keywords : Precast, Splice Sleeve, Wet Connection.Abstrak Apartemen The Conexio pada kondisi sebenarnya dirancang menggunakan metode konvensional dengan kondisi mutu yang kurang baik. Dalam pelaksanannya, proyek tersebut juga sering terganggu oleh cuaca. Penggunaan beton pracetak memiliki beberapa keunggulan diantaranya pelaksanaannya tidak terpengaruh oleh cuaca, memiliki mutu yang terjaga dan tahan gempa. Sambungan antar elemen pracetak sangat berperan penting dalam bangunan dengan beton pracetak yang tahan gempa sehingga perlu diperhitungkan sesuai dengan peraturan. Modifikasi ini ditujukan untuk menghasilkan gedung dengan pracetak yang tahan gempa sesuai dengan SNI 2847:2013 dengan pengendalian mutu yang baik. Dalam studi ini, gedung tersebut akan dilakukan modifikasi struktur menjadi beton pracetak dengan tinjauan 8 lantai dan analisa dibantu dengan software ETABS. Dari hasil modifikasi yang dilakukan, elemen-elemen pracetak sesuai dengan ketentuan SNI 1726:2012 dan SNI 2847:2013 yaitu meliputi ukuran balok induk 40x60cm, ukuran balok anak 35x55 cm, dengan kolom berdimensi 65x65 cm, tebal overtopping 6 cm pada pelat dan menggunakan Splice sleeve grout pada sambungan kolom, penyambungan balok-kolom dengan panjang penyaluran 500 mm dan penggunaan konsol pada kolom dengan dimensi 30x40cm. Kata kunci : Beton Pracetak, Splice Sleeve, Sambungan Basah.