A Study on the Structure and Properties of Metal Framework Steering Wheel Coated with Polyurethane

The frame of metal wheel coated with polyurethane is made of magnesium alloy by die casting process. The coating polyurethane (soft) is made of combined material of self-skin-formation system. The permanent deformation of steering assembly is up to the international standard after accepting the specified test of axial force and steering torque; and it also accepted further special tests, including bending fatigue endurance test, torsion fatigue endurance test, and coating force test, etc.

Concerning string cutting, tuo (emery wheel) cutting and tuo carving – and discussion of the date the tuo began to be used

This paper discussed the jade-carving techniques, summarized the characteristics of blade saw cutting, thread cutting and wheel cutting, and then pointed out that there should not be any wheel tool or wheel cutting technique in the prehistoric period and the Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties. The metal wheel tool first appeared in the Spring-and-Autumn Period. Since then, the jade art was improved more and more because of the development of private craftsmanship, the commerce and the destruction of the rigid ritual system.

Metal Wheel Tyres from the Ancient Near East and Central Asia

Important developments in wheel construction can be observed in Iraq and other parts of the Near East during the later third and earlier second millennium B.C. One such innovation is the appearance of clamped-on tyres made in bronze or copper segments. Recent, spectacular finds from Turkmenistan in Central Asia extend the already wide distribution of tyres of this distinctive form. They also shed light on the kinds of wheel and vehicle on which such metal tyres were used.