The Fritz Zerritsch/Erich Thenius suite of paleontological wall roll-ups and the pageant-of-life-through-time genre of paleontological art

ABSTRACT Here I rescue from obscurity a mid-twentieth-century sequence of ten paintings representing biotas and ecosystems present in different periods of geologic time. They were used to illustrate a 1955 book titled The History of Life on Earth by University of Vienna paleontologist Erich Thenius. The paintings were also mass produced as classroom teaching aids in the form of wall chart roll-ups. Thenius collaborated with Viennese landscape artist Fritz Zerritsch to produce these scenes from Deep Time. In terms of the selection and arrangement of animals in some of the scenes, Thenius and Zerritsch were probably influenced by well-known paleoartists Rudolph Zallinger and Charles R. Knight. I corresponded with Professor Thenius concerning his collaboration with Zerritsch, and his answers to my questions illuminate some of the choices he made. The Zerritsch/Thenius collection of paleo-scenes is a good example of the pageant-of-life-through-time genre of paleontological art. I use this sequence of prehistoric tableaux to examine artistic conventions within this genre.

Pengembangan Wall Chart Sejarah Pemberontakan DI/TII Jawa Barat

Abstrak: Bahan ajar sangat diperlukan dalam proses penyampaian ilmu pengetahuan di kelas agar target tujuan pembelajaran tercapai sesuai dengan kurikulum yang digunakan. Salah satunya bahan ajar yang disusun untuk mata pelajaran Sejarah Indonesia Kelas XII adalah Wall Chart. Metode penelitian ini adalah pengembangan bahan ajar mulai dari analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Subjek penelitian yaitu Peserta Didik Kelas XII SMA. Materi bahan ajar yang digunakan yaitu “Pemberontakan DI/TII Jawa Barat”. Pemberontakan tersebut diprakarsai oleh seorang aktivis bernama S. M. Kartosuwiryo. Perbedaan ideologi antara kelompok Islam dengan kelompok nasionalis pemicu terjadinya pemberontakan. Berdasarkan hasil survei diperoleh data bahwa pengembangan wall chart efektif dari empat indikator (Pendukung pembelajaran, pemaparan materi, pembelajaran mandiri dan menambah pengetahuan) yang digunakan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengembangan Wall Chart Pemberontakan DI/TII Jawa Barat efektif membantu peserta didik dalam memahami materi Pemberontakan DI/TII Jawa Barat.Kata Kunci: Bahan Ajar, Wall Chart, DI/TII Jawa Barat, S. M. Kartosuwirjo.Abstract: Teaching materials are needed in the process of delivering knowledge in the classroom so that the learning objectives are achieved in accordance with the curriculum used. One of the teaching materials prepared for the Class XII Indonesian History subject is the Wall Chart. This research method is the development of teaching materials ranging from analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research subjects are students of class XII SMA. The teaching materials used are "DI/TII West Java Rebellion". The rebellion was initiated by an activist named S. M. Kartosuwiryo. The ideological difference between the Islamic group and the nationalist group triggered the rebellion. Based on the survey results obtained data that the development of an effective wall chart of the four indicators (Supporting learning, material exposure, independent learning and increasing knowledge) are used. So it can be concluded that the development of the DI/TII West Java Rebellion Wall Chart is effective in helping students understand the material for the West Java DI/TII Rebellion.Keywords: Teaching Materials, Wall Chart, DI / TII West Java, S.M Kartosuwiryo.

PENGARUH MEDIA WALL CHART TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENULIS CERPEN PADA SISWA KELAS XI SMK SWASTA SRI WAMPU PERTUMBUKANTAHUN PEMBELAJARAN 2019/2020

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kemampuan menulis cerpen antara kelompok yang diberi pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media wall chart dan kelompok yang diberi pembelajaran menulis teks eksposisi tanpa menggunakan media wall chart, dan pengaruh penggunaan media wall chart dalam pembelajaran menulis cerpen siswa kelas XI SMK Swasta Sri Wampu Pertumbukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Control Group Pretest Postest Design. Variabel dalam penelitian ini ada dua, yaitu variabel bebas yang berupa media wall chart dan variable terikat yaitu kemampuan menulis cerpen. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI TKJ, XI TSM1 dan XI TSM2 dengan jumlah 109 siswa. Teknik pengambilan sampel adalah simple random sampling. Berdasarkan hasil undian, ditetapkan bahwa kelas XI TSM1 dengan jumlah 36 siswa merupakan kelompok eksperimen dan kelas XI TSM2 dengan jumlah 36 siswa merupakan kelompok kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode tes, yaitu berupa uraian menulis cerpen. Hasil uji normalitas menunjukkan data penelitian ini berdistribusi normal. Hasil uji homogenitas menunjukkan bahwa varian data penelitian ini homogen. Data tersebut selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji-t dan uji scheffe pada taraf siginifikansi 5% dan db 70. Hasil penghitungan uji-t menunjukkan skor bahwa thitung lebih besar dari tabel (th: 4,711>tt: 1,980) pada taraf signifikansi 5% dan db 70. Hal ini menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan keterampilan menulis cerpen yang signifikan antara kelompok yang yang diberi pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media wall chart dan kelompok yang diberi pembelajaran tanpa menggunakan media wall chart. Hasil penghitungan uji scheffe menunjukkan F’hitung lebih besar dari F’tabel (Fh: 22,194>Ft: 3,98) dengan db 70 dan pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran menulis cerpen dengan menggunakan media wall chart lebih berpengaruh dari pada pembelajaran menulis cerpen tanpa menggunakan media wall chart pada kelompok kontrol. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media wall chart dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis khususnya menulis cerpen.

Development and Validation of a Mobile Application to Detect Visual Dysfunction Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

ABSTRACT Introduction Following mild traumatic brain injury, visual dysfunction is a common occurrence, yet the condition often goes undiagnosed. A mobile application was developed to measure aspects of visual acuity and oculomotor function. The aim of this project was to validate the newly developed suite of outcomes conducive for use in the field to detect visual dysfunction. Materials and Methods A custom mobile application was developed on an Apple iPad using iOS operating system software version 11.0 in Objective C to measure near point of convergence (NPC), distance visual acuity, reading fluency, and self-rated convergence insufficiency (CI). To determine construct validity, 50 healthy young adults were administered NPC and distance visual acuity assessments using the iPad and standard clinical approaches. A ruler measurement was obtained simultaneous to the iPad NPC measurement to determine measurement accuracy. All testing was administered by a licensed optometrist and the order of testing (iPad versus clinical) was randomized. Results The correlation coefficient between the iPad and clinical measurements of NPC was 0.893, while iPad and ruler measurement was 0.947. Modest accordance was found between iPad and wall chart measures assessing distance visual acuity. A ceiling effect was evident with use of a wall chart to determine distance visual acuity. Healthy young adults scored a mean (SD) of 13.0 (7.4) on the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey. Reading fluency was highly variable with a mean (SD) of 291 (119) words per minute. Conclusions iPad measures of NPC were highly correlated with clinical measures, while visual acuity measured with the iPad showed modest correlation. Nonetheless, the suite of visual assessments provide value as screening tools, and when used in combination with reading fluency assessment and self-reported CI may be effective in identifying visual dysfunction following mild traumatic brain injury.

THE USE OF WALL CHARTS AS MEDIA TO TEACH VOCABULARY

The aim of this research was to improve the students’ vocabulary using wall charts as learning media. This is a classroom action research with two cycles. The procedures of each cycle were planning, acting, observing and reflecting. The subjects of this research were 31 students of Learning Group VII of SMP Negeri 2 Belitang Hilir. The data are obtained quantitatively and qualitatively, namely classroom observation, interview, test scores, and questionnaires. This research showed that the students could improve to memorize the vocabulary and its meaning with the help of wall charts. The teacher also could help them correct the spelling and pronunciation. Moreover, the students’ attitude towards the teaching-learning process improved since wall charts increased the students’ interest in learning English vocabulary. It can be seen that in cycle 1 was 67 meanwhile in cycle 2 was 81.9. The research result also showed that wall chart was a good medium for learning English vocabulary with mean value 4.52.

INNV-27. BT-LIFE (BRAIN TUMOURS, LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS, AND FATIGUE EVALUATION): LESSONS LEARNED FROM RUNNING A NOVEL MULTI-SECTORAL RESEARCH TRIAL

BACKGROUND BT-LIFE is a multi-centre RCT of novel lifestyle coaching treatments for fatigued brain tumour patients. To our knowledge it is also the first example of ‘multi-sectoral research’ to combine healthcare, private, and charity sectors in this population. To maximise learning, the trial team devised a structured reflection opportunity to ask, “What went well and what would we do differently next time?” METHOD After trial closedown we convened a six-hour ‘focus group’ for management, principle investigators, research assistants, interventionists, qualitative researchers, trial statisticians, and the funder. Discussion was structured using a ‘timeline’ wall-chart which attendees freely populated with post-it notes summarising learning points from the trial. Minutes were taken in duplicate. RESULTS In total n=19 team members contributed. Many points were study-specific and will be used internally to plan a larger trial. Among points of wider interest, examples of success included: using regular teleconferences to co-ordinate a cohesive and highly collaborative team; obtaining secure nhs.net email addresses to facilitate multi-sectoral communication; and the clear value of employing one part-time research assistant per centre instead of relying on busy clinical staff to recruit. General future learning points included: speak to the prospective sponsor and ethical committees when writing the grant application to avoid pitfalls and facilitate faster opening if funding is secured; consider preceding emails with a phone call to ‘lay the ground’ in time-sensitive situations; identify staff training requirements as early as possible and cascade aggressively; and be sensitive to the fact that inter-sectoral attitudes and practices may vary widely and need actively monitored and managed. Therefore frequent and secure communication, pro-active problem-spotting, and inter-sectoral value alignment appear critical for success. CONCLUSION BT-LIFE provides many useful lessons for anyone interested in running multi-sectoral research.

The Use of Wall Charts in Instruction to Improve the Eighth Grade Students’ Vocabulary Mastery (An Experimental Study at SMP Negeri 4 Banda Aceh)

The study was aimed to find out if there is a significant difference between the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Banda Aceh who are taught vocabulary by using wall chart and those who are taught without using wall chart. The experiment was from conducted from from March 5th, 2018 to May 8th, 2018. 2018 at SMP Negeri 4 Banda Aceh. This study is conducted by using quantitative research and in this case is an experimental study. The population of this study is all students of the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Banda Aceh in academic year 2017/2018. The total population is 115 students who are composed of five classes; class VIII1, class VIII2, class VIII3, class VIII4, and class VIII5. While the sample of this study is taken from two classes of the five classes. One class is as an experimental group and one another is as control group. In this study, the students of class VIII5 are taken as experimental group and the students of class VIII4 are taken as control group. Every group consists of 30 students thus the total sample is 60. Choosing class as experimental and control group is done randomly. The data were gotten through test; pre-test and post test. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 18.0. The result of the study shows that there is a significant difference between the eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 4 Banda Aceh who are taught vocabulary by using wall chart and those who are taught without using wall chart. It can be proven from the result of this study where the result of t-test of post-test of the both group is 3.028. While the result of t-table with the level of significance 0,05 is 0,668. Thus, t-test (3.028) is greater than the t-table (0,668). Based on the result of the study, English teachers of SMP Negeri 4 Banda Aceh especially those who teach vocabulary should implement Wall Charts in teaching and learning process because the implementation of the media can increase the students’ vocabulary mastery.

ANTHROPOMETRIC WALL CHART OF HEIGHT FOR AGE FOR STUNTED SCREENING IN PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

Stunted or short nutritional status is a term that describes a person's nutritional status based on height for age. The prevalence of stunting in school children in Indonesia in 2017 was 27.7%. Children who are stunted have the potential for growth and development disorders, low motor skills, mental and intellectual development disorders, and have lower productivity than normal children of the same age. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity value of the anthropometric wall chart height for age index for stunting screening in elementary school children. The study design was cross-sectional in four elementary schools in Cimahi City with a total sample of 330 children aged 6 to 12 years. Each child was measured for height twice, using a microtoise tool and anthropometric wall chart. The results of height measurement at a certain age were compared with the 2005 World Health Organization standards. They were declared stunted (short) if the height for age value <-2 standard deviation and declared very short if the height for age value <-3SD. The index value is based on the 2005 WHO standard, which is used as the gold standard in calculating validity. Measurement results using an anthropometric wall chart by looking at the color band shown on the upper border of the child's head. If the head border of the child is on a yellow or red band at a certain age, it means that the child is stunting. The sensitivity value of the anthropometric wall chart is 85.7%, and the specificity value is 87.2%. The anthropometric wall chart can be used for stunted screening in children aged 6-12 years.

Sensitivity (Se) and Specificity (Sp) Anthropometric Wall Chart (Awc) Tb/U for Detecting Stunting on Children Aged 6-12 Years

Anthropometric Wall Chart (AWC) TB/U is a tool developed to screen nutritional status that is easy and fast to use for children aged 6-12 years in the population. The accuracy of the tool in measuring stunting can be seen from its validity. This study aims to get the validity of AWC in 3 (three) cities representing the West (Medan), Central (Bandung) and East (Kupang), Indonesia so that the results could be used for stunting screening of elementary school children wider coverage. The study was conducted in a cross-sectional manner with a sample of 270 elementary students from grade 1 to grade 6 in 3 cities (Medan, Kupang, and Bandung) whose nutritional status was measured by using AWC TB / U and TB / U index using microtoise. The results of the study of the use of AWC in Medan showed that there were 20 (22.2%) stunting children, with Se value of 68.8% and Sp value of 87.8%, PPV 55%, and NPV 92.9%. In Kupang, there were 21 (23.3%) children who were stunting with a value of Se 60.0% and Sp 98.2%, and in Bandung, there were 12 (13.3%) stunted children with Se value of 72.7% and Sp 94.9%. Combined in 3 (three) cities get Se value 66.0% and Sp 93.3%, PPV 73.6% and NPV 90.3%. AWC TB / U can be used as a stunting screening tool for diagnosis with the aim of a high Sp value. For students who are detected stunted, further treatment is needed to overcome their nutritional problems.