TRANSFORMATION OF DALEM SPATIAL STRUCTURE AROUND JERON BETENG AREA, YOGYAKARTA

Abstract- Dalem or Prince’s House is a house given by Keraton Yogyakarta to Sultan’s relatives. Dalem is located in and around the Jeron Beteng area in Yogyakarta. Nowadays dalem has changing especially in the function and the spatial structure of dalem. Those changes are influenced by the increase population density and the modernization culture of the people who lived around the area of Jeron Beteng. The changes that arise in dalem, especially about the spatial structure, is an interesting thing to investigate. The purpose of this study id to understand the changes that occur in the dalem spatial structure and the aspects that experience the most of the changing in dalem.The research used descriptive method with qualitative approach by examining aspects of the region’s history and Javanese culture. Both of these aspects explain the existence of the culture and rituals that are carried continuously and become the basis for the formation of the spatial structure with spaces that are needed for supporting the rituals. The datas are obtain by conducting field observations, interviews, and literature studies. The analysis of dalem is reviewed by studying the culture and history of Yogyakarta and tha principles of Yogyakarta’s traditional architecture.This study attempts to reveal how the changes that occur in spatial structure in dalem by comparing the conditionsd of spatial structure based on the principles of Yogyakarta’s traditional architecture with current conditions of dalem. The spatial structure are discussed by orientation, function, shape, zoning, and mass arrangement of dalem. The result of this study found that the changes that occur in dalem begins with an increase of the population density and a modernization culture do that there is a need to change the function in dalem for maximizing the use of the space, changes in zoning space of the area, and the addition of mass to the mass arrangements. Key Words: Transformation, dalem, spatial structure, Jeron Beteng

Effects of Temperature on Damage to Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) by the Scentless Plant Bug Niesthrea louisianica

In controlled-environment chambers, the scentless plant bug Niesthrea louisianica Sailer damaged reproductive structures of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik. # ABUTH) and reduced viable seed production by 98 to 99%, in comparison with insect-free control plants. The insect completed its life cycle on velvetleaf in two temperature regimes simulating warm growing-season conditions in Mississippi (29/23 C day/night) and Minnesota (24/18 C). Feeding by N. louisianica delayed flowering, capsule development, and capsule and seed maturation in biotypes of velvetleaf from Mississippi and Minnesota, in both temperature regimes. Numbers and weights of capsules and seed were lower in the infested plants. Augmentation of natural populations of N. louisianica to increase population density early in the growing season might be effective in reducing velvetleaf seed production.