Justifying the parameters of dredging in various types of stopes and massive productive strata

Introduction. Due to a wide variety of placer dredging conditions, traditional methods of dredging parameters calculation do not always take into account all aspects of productive strata mining. It is first of all true for deep placers operation and mining with side cuts. Research aim is to improve the methods of calculating dredging parameters and the capacity of pilesupported bucket chain dredgers. Methodology. Existing methods of calculating dredging parameters and dredgers capacity do not take into account the applied mining method, stope type, and upper stope cave-in conditions. The indicated factors greatly influence the parameters of productive strata excavation and washery refuse disposal. Taking these ISSN 0536-1028 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 3, 2020 13 factors into account makes it possible to forecast the indicators of the pile-support dredgers more accurately. Results. Investigation of some aspects of dredging trenches and side cuts has made it possible to establish the dependence of dredger maneuvering angle in pit face and capacity on cutting depth when mining massive productive strata; spoil dumps parameters dependence on the type of stoping; the interrelation between the daily capacity and the width of the front bank under various vertical distribution of rock. The indicated dependences allow to determine dredging parameters and indicators for particular conditions. Summary. The proposed approach, which calculates dredging parameters when using side cuts and when mining deep placers with non-uniform thickness of sands, makes it possible to calculate the chips size, buckets filling ratio and sand fragmentation ratio in a more substantiated way; it makes it possible to more effectively manage the process of sand mining, thus increasing the capacity of dredges.

Statistical accuracy analysis of different detecting algorithms for surveillance system in smart city

<span>Several detecting algorithms are developed for real-time surveillance systems in the smart cities. The most popular algorithms due to its accuracy are: Temporal Differencing, Background Subtraction, and Gaussian Mixture Models. Selecting of which algorithm is the best to be used, based on accuracy, is a good choise, but is not the best. Statistical accuracy anlysis tests are required for achieving a confident decision. This paper presents further analysis of the accuracy by employing four parameters: false recognition, unrecognized, true recognition, and total fragmentation ratios. The results proof that no algorithm is selected as the perfect or suitable for all applications based on the total fragmentation ratio, whereas both false recognition ratio and unrecognized ratio parameters have a significant impact. The mlti-way Analysis of Variate (so-called K-way ANONVA) is used for proofing the results based on SPSS statistics.</span>

Early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma using abnormal urinary fragmentation ratio of a liver-originated protein.

214 Background: Non PDAC tissue-originated proteins are cleaved by proteases derived from PDAC, which can result in abnormal cleavage patterns in the urine of PDAC patients. Urinary proteomic analysis for quantifying the ratios of the abnormal protein fragments to the non-fragmented protein levels in the urine may be useful to distinguish early PDAC from healthy controls. This proof-of-concept study was planned to determine the usefulness of measuring the protein fragments from non PDAC tissue-originated proteins in the urine using the multiple-reaction-monitoring technique (MRM) for discriminating resectable PDAC from healthy controls. Methods: Urinary proteins were digested with trypsin, and resultant peptides were measured by MRM analysis and the ratio of the level of each fragment to the non-fragmented protein level (fragmentation ratio) was calculated. Fragments for which the fragmentation ratios were higher in the PDAC group than those in the healthy group were defined as abnormal protein fragments. The diagnostic capability of each abnormal protein fragment for discriminating cases of PDAC from healthy controls was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: A total of 21 patients with resectable PDAC and 30 healthy control subjects were enrolled in this study. All the PDAC patients were treated by pancreatic resection. Urine samples for this study were collected prior to the surgery from the PDAC patients. The non PDAC tissue-originated protein was determined as a liver-originated protein. The fragmentation ratios for six fragments were found to be higher in the PDAC group as compared to those in the healthy control group, and these fragments were determined as abnormal protein fragments. ROC curve analysis was performed for each of the abnormal fragments to determine the areas under the curve (AUCs) for discriminating cases of PDAC from healthy controls. The best AUC was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.68-0.91). Conclusions: The urinary fragmentation ratios showed the ability to discriminate cases of resectable PDAC from a healthy control group; abnormal fragmentation ratios may be promising, noninvasively measurable biomarkers of early PDAC.

341APOPTOSIS IN SOMATIC CELL CLONED AND EGFP TRANSGENIC BOVINE EMBRYOS

The overall success rate achieved by cloning techniques to date is low, mainly due to deficiencies in nuclear reprogramming, gene expression and DNA fragmentation, which result in early and late embryonic losses. This study was carried out to compare the incidences of DNA fragmentation during development of IVF, parthenote (PT), nuclear transfer (NT) and transgenic-cloned (TG) embryos. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) nick-end labelling (TUNEL) with propidium iodide counterstaining was used for determination of DNA fragmentation and total cell number. Donor cells were fetal fibroblasts with or without transfection with EGFP, and cultured in DMEM+15% FCS until confluent, for up to 5 days. At 19h post maturation (hpm), enucleated oocytes were reconstructed with donor cells and activated at 24hpm with the combination of ionomycin (5μM, 5min) and cycloheximide (10μg/mL, 5h) after electric fusion by a single DC pulse (1.6KV/cm, 60μs) delivered by a BTX 200. Parthenotes were produced by the same activation protocol at 24hpm. The eggs and control IVF embryos were cultured in CR1aa at 39°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air. Differences among groups were analyzed using one-way ANOVA after arc-sine transformation of proportional data. Embryos at the 8-cell stage in all treatments, IVF, PT, NT and TG, showed DNA fragmentation. The apoptotic cell index (total number of apoptotic nuclei/total number of nuclei) of Day 7 blastocysts was significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher in TG and NT embryos (17/91, 18.6±4.0% and 13/94, 13.8±4.7%, respectively) compared to IVF and PT embryos (9/122, 7.4±3.4% and 8/93, 8.6±2.9%, respectively). TUNEL positive cells were detected in almost all blastocysts at Day 7 and were mainly observed in the ICM. The DNA fragmentation ratio of the ICM in the blastosysts at Day 7 (number of apoptotic nuclei in the ICM/total number of apoptotic nuclei in the blastocyst) was significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher in TG embryos (64.7±21.4%) than in IVF (44.4±28.0%), PT (50.0±18.6%) or NT (53.0±32.5%) embryos. These results indicate a higher occurrence of DNA fragmentation observed in NT and TG embryos when compared to IVF and PT embryos. In addition, ICM of TG blastocysts revealed a high DNA fragmentation ratio, which may be related to early embryonic loss after transfer of the resulting embryos. [Supported by High Technology Development Project for Agriculture and Forestry Korea, MAF-SGRP, 300012-05-3-SB010 and Cho-A Pharm. Co. LTD.]