AN OBJECTIVITY OF THE IDEAL IN A MODERN PHILOSOPHY

The article analyzes the ideal from the position of antipsycholo- gism (objectivism), which is opposed to psychologism. The proponents of psy- chologism attributed the ideal only to the mind of an individual. Objectivists considered the existence of the ideal not only in the mind of a separate indivi- dual, but also outside of it, as a rule, allocating their own area for it in reality. But the objectivists also understood the objective existence of the ideal differ- ently. E. Husserl connected the ideal with the pure laws of logic and mathema- tics, comprehended intuitively. G. Frege extended the ideal, including the laws of nature, linking it with the meaning of the sentence. He also formulated the concept of three regions of reality, including the ideal. K. Popper extended the ideal to cultural objects and also introduced the principles of evolutionism into the world of the ideal. M. A. Lifshits connected the ideal with all objects, both the natural and cultural. He pointed to the activity of the ideal in relation to the subject. E.V. Ilyenkov understood the ideal not as an abstract image, but as a form (scheme) of human activity in the rational transformation of the reality objects revealed in social practice. He believed that the ideal exists objectively in the forms of social consciousness.

Why Legal Reasoning has to be Unique

This article addresses the issue of the uniqueness of legal reasoning and, specifically, the author advances the thesis that what makes legal reasoning different from the reasoning employed in demonstrative and empirical sciences and matters of everyday life is not the actual form (scheme) of this reasoning but the legal milieu. Thus, he tries to demonstrate that some features of law – such as its normative and prescriptive nature, difficulties with the verification of its content on empirical grounds, its limitations stemming from the physical world and dependence on humans and their minds, as well as the ‘unspecialized’ character of law agents and the extraordinary role of authority – influence legal reasoning as well. At the same time these features also allow this reasoning to be unique, despite its adoption of forms of inference that are present elsewhere.

Computer Aided Form Design Based on Multi-Channel Deformation Technology

This paper, proposes a method that designers provide a basic conceptual form scheme of the products with multi- deformation channel, but a detailed form is modified by the users according to the locally changeable two or three dimensional models, and the needed several product form schemes can be achieved through statistic analysis of the feedbacks from the users. In this process, users redesign the form in the mean while of product evaluation, which makes the users have a good knowledge of the products and makes the designers get the direct statistics of the most desirable morph from the perspective of the users. This method combines the evaluation and design process together, which is able to promote the batter communication, thus to make design process more efficient.

Research on Design Method of Electromechanical Product Form Based on MA-GA

In electromechanical products form design, there still exist problems such as CAD supporting incompletely and low-usage of existent excellent case form information, this paper proposed a comprehensive method of product form design, which integrated morphological matrix, BP network, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Gray Relating Analyze (GRA) and Genetic Algorithms. According to the heritability of product form features, this method deconstructed case product modeling components and form elements to obtain the form features, then the features and feature values of product form were represented by morphologic matrix, finally product form design scheme were combined with reasonable solutions. Grading method and AHP were used to quantify the modeling components feature, form elements and perceptual image vocabularies of case product, and a BP network model was trained for form scheme image prediction. This article constructed the genetic algorithm fitness function with the weighed grey relation grade to optimize the product form scheme based on customers’ requirements. VC++ was applied to develop the design software, the design of electric bicycle form scheme was taken to illustrate the application process of this method.