The Polish Adaptation of the Strategic Approach to Coping Scale

The Strategic Approach to Coping Scale (SACS) is a tool designed to measure coping strategies in terms of the Multiaxial Model of Coping. The aim of this article is to present our work towards adapting the SACS to the Polish cultural context. The Polish translation of this measure and the Rotter Incomplete Sentence Blank were applied to 1,074 Poles from 11 sample groups at risk of social exclusion. Principal component analysis performed on the data showed six components rather than the original nine. Second-order factor analysis carried out on the subscale scores revealed three factors partially consistent with the original theoretical assumptions. Convergences and discrepancies of the resulting structure versus the original one are discussed, along with reliability and the preliminary theoretical validity of the method.

Entrepreneurial Product Innovation: A Second-Order Factor Analysis

<p>Product innovation is as a vital tool for nascent entrepreneurs seeking to achieve a competitive advantage. This study investigates the integrated and complex relationships that exist between innovation and entrepreneurship by using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Entrepreneurial product innovation is tested with second-order factors comprised of entrepreneurial personality, technological opportunity and incubator resources. For this purpose, the empirical research used data from 389 incubated start-ups in Thailand. The study found that these three antecedents are significant for product innovation with effects of varying size. The study magnifies the prominent role of business incubators in fostering entrepreneurial capabilities to boost new products/services. Moreover, the findings suggest that the incubation centre resources mediate the influence of entrepreneurial characteristics by expediting and facilitating product innovation.</p>

Pengaruh motivasi mu’amalat (bekerja dan berproduksi, kebutuhan sekunder, kebutuhan primer) terhadap prestasi kerja yang religius

Observing the development and growth of modern markets that is not comparable to traditionalmarkets and folk market, has described the tendency of secondary needs (psychological) which aredominant, and has been proven by Consumption Patterns Survey Central Bureau of Statistics (1991-2012). The survey shows that spending to meet the secondary needs amounted to 62.56% while for theprimary requirement of 37.44%. The order to meet the secondary needs and primary needs exist in theQur’an, but all of them in order to improve the achievement of the religious (pious charity) is not tosatisfaction solely. Based on a survey of consumption patterns and theories about the need for secondaryand work performance, attractive to the research, is there a need for Secondary Effect on Achievementof the Religious? From the loading factor corfirmatory mu’amallat with second order factor Analysis isas follows: secondary needs loading factor = 1.00 (significant). This figure shows that the needs of mostlarge secondary needs described by the variation of mu’amallat motivation. In other words secondaryrequirement is the most powerful indicator (dominant) of mu’amallat motivation (work and production,needs secondary, needs primary, work performance of religious).

LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORAL TAXONOMIES IN UNIVERSITIES

The study was intended to recognize and replicate the Yukl’s (1989-2004) behavioral taxonomies in the university settings in Sindh. A comprehensive questionnaire based on the items in taxonomies was developed, face validity of the questionnaire was test and found suitable. A total of 90 university Deans and head of Departments were randomly selected from public and private universities of Sindh. Categorical reliability of the data was checked and found highly reliable. The majority of the respondents were male, post graduate, above 50 years of age, married and had more than 15 years of experience. The statistical analysis describes the typical Sindhi culture among the respondents. A large number of university leadership focused on the relation as compared to task and change at the universities. This research also supports partial replication of three dimensions i.e., Relation, Task and Change as Yukl’s behavioral taxonomies with first order factor analysis. Relation factor was replicated completely, while other two were replicated in two different facets each i.e., Change was replicated in two facets – Improvement and Process and Task was also replicated in two facets – Improvement and Process. Making a second order factor analysis assured these two factors were replicated completely.

A Factor Analytic Study of the Cope Questionnaire by Sex of Respondents

This work examined the effect of sex on factor structure of a Chinese version of the 1989 COPE questionnaire with a sample of 617 Hong Kong adolescents ( Mdn age = 14 yr.). Some scales had low internal consistency reliability for both sexes. Not all 15 scales could be identified as unique factors through exploratory factor analysis separately for both sexes (275 boys, 338 girls, 4 unknown). In a second-order factor analysis, both sexes' data had factors related to problem-focused coping and avoidance/escaping coping, and these two factors were only weakly correlated. An emotion-focused factor was observed in girls' data, but not boys' data.