Asociación del enfoque en competencia motora y habilidades motrices, con la mantención de la adherencia a la actividad física en adolescentes. Una revisión de alcance (Association of the focus on motor competence and motor skills, with the maintenance o

El objetivo del estudio pretende dar a conocer la asociación que existe entre el desarrollo de las habilidades motrices (HM) durante la adolescencia y la adherencia y mantención a la actividad física (AF). Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda con el método PRISMA a partir de cinco bases de datos; Medline, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science y Lilacs. Se consideran estudios sin restricción de diseño, desde el año 2015 al 2020, disponibles en idioma portugués, inglés, español y alemán, donde de su población de estudio incluyera adolescentes de 13 a 21 años. Se excluyeron artículos con menos de un año de intervención, fuera de los rangos etarios y que presentaran patologías. Además, no se incluyeron estudios que iniciaron su intervención en la niñez y finalizaron iniciando la adolescencia. Resultados: Se identificaron 17 estudios que abordan el enfoque de la HM para la consecución de hábitos saludables asociados a la AF y reducción del sedentarismo, los cuales demuestran que el mayor desempeño motor de los adolescentes apunta a una mayor participación en AF o deportes, pero, además, hay otros factores que parecen predecir la AF hacia futuro. Ya sea aptitud física, autoconcepto físico, la competencia motriz percibido, el consumo de medios, el peso corporal y el IMC. Conclusión: La diversificación del movimiento en las clases de educación física, influyen directamente en el mayor desarrollo de las competencias motrices en la adolescencia y la adquisición de habitos en la mantención de AF. Abstract. The aim of the study is to show the association that exists between the development of motor skills (HM) during adolescence and adherence and maintenance to physical activity (PA). Methodology: A search was carried out with the PRISMA method from five databases; Medline, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science, and Lilacs. Studies without design restriction are considered, from 2015 to 2020, available in Portuguese, English, Spanish and German, where their study population will include adolescents from 13 to 21 years of age. Articles with less than one year of intervention, out the age ranges and presenting pathologies were excluded. Furthermore, studies that began their intervention in childhood and ended in adolescence were not included. Results: 17 studies were identified that address the (HM) approach to achieve healthy habits associated with PA and reduction of sedentary lifestyle, which show that the higher motor performance of adolescents points to greater participation in PA or sports, but Furthermore, there are other factors that seem to predict PA in the future. Be it physical fitness, physical self-concept, perceived motor competence, media consumption, body weight and BMI. Conclusion: The diversification of movement in physical education classes directly influence the greater development of motor skills in adolescence and the acquisition of habits in the maintenance of PA.

A Simulation Study for the Design of Membrane Restrictor in an Opposed-Pad Hydrostatic Bearing to Achieve High Static Stiffness

The effects of a membrane restrictor’s design parameters on the performance of a hydrostatic opposed-pad bearing are presented in this article. Compared to the single-pad bearing, the opposed-pad bearing can perform much better in terms of static stiffness over a wider load range. It is also found that, for small bearing eccentricity, the optimal design restriction ratio of 0.25 still results in high bearing stiffness even if the dimensionless stiffness of membrane is not the optimal value of 1.33. Furthermore, decreasing the ratio of the upper effective area to the lower effective area generally increases the applicable working range of the bearing. Additionally, for high loading demands, the chance for further improvement of bearing performance by employing different design parameter for each pad is examined. Finally, a design procedure for designing the membrane restrictor for an opposed-pad bearing to achieve high static stiffness is given.

Carcass and non-carcass components of Santa Ines lambs subjected to food restriction

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sex class (castrated; non-castrated) and level of food restriction (0%, 30% and 60% of ad libitum consumption) on the quantitative composition of carcass and non-carcass components of Santa Ines lambs. A completely randomized 3x2 design (restriction level x sex class) was used to evaluate thirty lambs approximately two months of age with an average initial body weight of 13 ± 1.49 kg. When the average body weight of the animals in one of the treatment groups reached 28 kg, all animals were slaughtered. Sex class had effect on body weight at slaughter, empty body weight, hot carcass weight and cold carcass weight. The weight of the leg was greater in non-castrated animals. There was linear decreased effect according to increasing levels of restriction for the carcass cuts, except for leg and rear loin yield. There was statistic difference between sex class for the weights of kidneys, paw, and large intestine of non-castrated animals (P < 0.05). There was a negative linear association between level of food restriction and mass of blood, head, leather, paw, rumen, reticulum, abomasum, small intestine, large intestine; perirenal, omental, mesenteric and heart fat. The quantitative composition of carcass and non-carcass components of Santa Ines lambs is influenced by sex class and food restriction level.

INFLUENCE OF HOSPITALIZATION UPON DIAGNOSIS ON THE RISK OF TUBERCULOSIS CLUSTERING

Setting: Culture-positive tuberculosis (TB) diagnosed in the metropolitan area of Milan (Italy) over a 5-year period (1995-1999). Objective: To assess the impact of short-course hospitalization upon diagnosis on the overall risk of TB clusterization. Design: Restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles with a similarity of 100% defined a cluster. Uni- and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to assess factors associated with clusterization. Results: Among 1139 patients, 392 (34.4%) were hospitalized before or soon after diagnosis, 405 (35.6%) received domiciliary treatment since the diagnosis and 392 (30%) had no information about initial clinical management. One hundred fifteen molecular clusters involving 363 patients were identified. Using multivariable analysis, hospitalization was not significantly associated with clusterization (OR 1.06, 95%CI 0.75-1.50, p=0.575). Subjects aged >65 years old (OR 0.60; 95CI%:0.37-0.95; p=0.016) and non-Italian born patients (OR 0.56; 95%CI:0.41-0.76; p<0.001) were running a lower risk of clusterization. Conversely, HIV co-infected patients (OR 1.88, 95%CI:1.20-2.95, p=0.006) and those with MDR TB (OR 2.50, 95%CI:1.46-4.25, p=0.001) were significantly more likely to be involved in clusters. Conclusion: In our cohort, domiciliary treatment was not associated with TB clusterization. Expanding domiciliary treatment upon diagnosis appears as an advisable measure to reduce unnecessary costs for the health care system.