Short Term Follow Up of Patients with Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures Treated with Percutaneous Vertebroplasty

Vertebral compression fractures are the most common osteoporotic fractures, 30-50% of all women develop vertebral compression fractures. In this study the mean age of 64 years with youngest case of age of 55 years and oldest case. 55 % of patients included in the study are female. One case had systemic hypertension, one case had Parkinsonism, and one case had Coronary Artery Disease. A significant reduction in analgesic intake was revealed. The patients without any analgesics increased from 0.5% (n=2) pre operative to 85.7% (n=30) at the six months follow-up (P less than 0.0001). pain score of ODS for immediate, 1month, 2 month, 3rd month and 6 month and found that(patient active measure) pam is reduced after immediate to 1 month till 6 month(p<0.05), and after 3 rd month to 6 month no difference in pam score was observed.

Analysis of coupler jackknifing and its effect on locomotives on a tangent track

Coupler jackknifing has caused a number of derailments, and it is a significant topic that needs in-depth studies. This paper aims to investigate the characteristics of coupler jackknifing and its effects on the dynamic performance of locomotives during braking. A field braking experiment using three eight-axle locomotives was conducted on a tangent track. The experimental results indicated that in-service couplers with a friction arc surface are prone to coupler jackknifing once the compressive force of the coupler exceeds 400 kN. After coupler jackknifing, the coupler angle has a significant positive correlation with the yaw angle of the car body; both coupler jackknifing and coupler angle increase rapidly to maximum values. The contact between the car body and the bogie seriously affects the dynamic performance of the locomotive and causes lateral instability of the locomotive. In particular, the lateral deviation of the coupling couplers generates an eccentric wear on the tail of the coupler. A numerical simulation model is developed to investigate the effect of coupler jackknifing on the running safety of the locomotive. Simulation results show that coupler jackknifing induces an excessive lateral force on the wheelset and increases the risk of derailments and gauge widening. Compared with the existing measures against coupler jackknifing, in this study, an effectively active measure is proposed to improve the stability of the coupler and to prevent possible derailments caused by coupler jackknifing during braking.

Patching our Critical Infrastructure

Worm epidemics such as Stuxnet and Conficker have raised great interest in the public and media lately and stressed the question of how our critical infrastructure can be protected against such attacks. Besides reactive measures like incident response, pro-active counter measures are required. Patch management is such an essential pro-active measure for the secure operation of our critical infrastructure. It is an indispensable activity which is required in many standards. This chapter focuses on patch and update management for industrial control systems that are part of our critical infrastructure. Standards for the automation of patch management and selected operational security standards are discussed in the context of patch management. The main contribution of the chapter is the definition and description of a standard conform patch management process for industrial control systems with special focus on the interaction between operator and vendor of such systems.