Utilization of Forgoing Coastal Rice Fallow Lands of Bangladesh with Zero Tillage Potato Cultivation using Different Rates of Residues

An experiment was conducted in south-western coastal saline area of Khulna district ofBangladesh (22°35′53.463″ N latitude and 89°27′42.617″ E longitude) during the period fromDecember 2018 to March 2019. The experiment was laid out in two factor Randomized CompleteBlock (RCB) design with three replications. Factor A included two potato varieties (V1= BARI Alu-72 and V2= BARI Alu-73) and factor B consisted with three rates of rice straw mulch viz. M1= 4 tonha−1, M2= 7 ton ha−1 and M3= 10 ton ha−1. Average thickness of mulch treatments were 11 cm, 13 cmand 15 cm, respectively. Mulch rate had significant effect on different soil and crop parameters,however there was no significant effect observed in variety and variety vs mulch rate. At harvest,highest plant height (50.7 cm), stem dry weight (1.33 g plant-1) and leaf dry weight (7.29 g plant−1)were recorded from M3 treatment. In case of yield components and yield, M3 treatment gavehighest value for number of tuber per plant (7.11), individual tuber weight (59.38 g), tuber yield(15.62 t ha−1), haulm yield (2.26 t ha−1). Significantly highest moisture was conserved by M3 treatment(27.13%) at harvest as well effectively controlled salinity (ECe) increase (only 1.25% increase thaninitial). So, it is observed that rice straw @ 10 t ha-1 is most suitable for zero tillage potato cultivationin the coastal area of Bangladesh.

Keragaman dan Potensi GenKeragaman dan Potensi Genetik Ubi Jalar Lokal Pada Kondisi Partial Submergenceetik Ubi Jalar Lokal Pada Kondisi Partial Submergence

Excess ground water above normal due to high rainfall affect the growth and yields of crops. The objectives of the study were to measure the genetic diversity of local sweet potato clones, to obtain characters of vegetative and yield characters that were responsive against of partial submergence and sweet potato clones that had highest yield components. The method of research was a one-factor experiment involving 21 sweet potato clones using a Completely Randomized Block design with 3 replication. The partial submergence in this study mean that was the lower parts of the plants submerged when the plant were 2 and 3 months old. Data were analyzed with F test, genotype and phenotype variance, and DMRT test. The results show the sweet potato clones have a wide diversities of vegetative and yield characters. Vegetative characters that were positively responsive to partial submergence were the number of green leaves, leaf area per plant, leaf area index, and stem length. Yield characters that were positively responsive to partial submergence were tuber number and tuber length. Some of the clones with the highest production potential were shown through two of the three yields indicators (tubers number, individual tuber weight and tuber weight per plant), i.e. A13, AR15, B9, BSepa-U, BR5, H1 clones and Antin 2 variety.. Keywords: excess water, genotype variance, Ipomoea batatas, Maluku, yield character ABSTRAK Kelebihan air tanah di atas normal akibat curah hujan yang tinggi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengukur keragaman genetik klon-klon ubi jalar lokal, serta mendapatkan karakter vegetatif dan karakter hasil yang responsif positif terhadap partial submergence dan klon ubi jalar yang mempunyai komponen hasil tertinggi. Metode penelitian berupa percobaan satu faktor yaitu 21 klon ubi jalar menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap berblok dengan pengulangan tiga kali. Partial submergence dalam penelitian ini yaitu bagian bawah dari tanaman terendam air pada umur tanaman 2 dan 3 bulan. Analisis data dengan uji F, ragam genotip dan fenotip, dan uji DMRT. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa klon-klon ubi jalar mempunyai keragaman luas pada semua karakter vegetatif dan produksi. Karakter vegetatif yang responsif positif terhadap partial submergence yaitu jumlah daun hijau, luas daun per tanaman, indeks luas daun dan panjang batang. Karakter produksi yang responsif positif terhadap partial submergence yaitu jumlah umbi dan panjang umbi. Beberapa klon dengan potensi produksi melalui dua dari tiga indikator produksi (jumlah umbi, bobot per umbi dan bobot umbi segar per tanaman) tertinggi yaitu A13, A15, B9, BSepa-U, BR5, H1, dan varietas Antin 2. Kata kunci: Ipomoea batatas, karakter hasil, Maluku, ragam genotip, terendam

Performance of sweet potato varieties in hilly area

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Hill Tract Agricultural Research Station. Ramgarh, Khagrachari during Rabi season of 2012-2013 and 2013-14. Five different sweet potato varieties (BARI Sweetpotato-6, BARI Sweetpotato-7, BARI Sweetpotato-8, BARI Swwetpotato-9 and local cultivar were included as treatment variables in the experiment. BARI Sweetpotato-7 had significantly more number of vines (8.30) as compared to local cultivar and other new varieties such as BARI Sweetpotato-6, BARI Sweetpotato-8 and BARI Sweetpotato-9. Maximum number of tuber plant-1 (5.4 and 5.3), tuber length (15.30 and 15.80 cm), tuber diameter (5.10 and 5.20 cm), individual tuber weight (368.35 and 377.69 g) and tuber yield (19.89 and 20.13 t ha-1) was recorded from BARI Sweetpotato-9 during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively whereas local cultivar gave minimum values. The variety BARI Sweetpotato-9 out yielded local cultivar by 108.93 and 103.13 % during two consecutive years but highest net income (3,10,818 and 3, 15,617 Tk. ha-1) from BARI Sweetpotato-7Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 83-87

Density and shape characteristics of Agria tubers cultivated at different conditions

Potato variety Agria was cultivated in different fertilising and/or irrigation regimes. Individual tuber dimension and the individual tuber density were studied two months after the harvest with aim to find some potential relation between tuber density and its shape. The stem-bud density gradient was also studied by determination the density of the stem, middle and bud parts of the individual tubers. The results of the measurements brought information on relatively variable parameters that slightly depended on the cultivation conditions.

Determining Yellow-flesh Intensity in Potatoes

For the yellow-flesh fresh market, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties with intense yellow flesh are desired. Twenty-five yellow-flesh clones, including 24 U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA) selections and the check variety `Yukon Gold', were evaluated for tuber yellow-flesh color, as measured by a reflectance colorimeter, and for individual tuber weight in replicated field trials in Presque Isle, Maine, in 1991 and 1992. There were significant differences among clones for yellow-flesh intensity. Yellow-flesh intensity in two USDA selections was significantly less than in `Yukon Gold'. In four USDA selections, yellow-flesh intensity was significantly greater than in `Yukon Gold'. In general, there was an inverse relationship between tuber weight and yellow-flesh intensity. Subsamples of tubers whose weight fell between the 10 to 90, 25 to 75, 35 to 65, and 40 to 60 percentile were compared to the full sample. There was good agreement between the 10 to 90 and 25 to 75 percentile subsample and the full sample regarding the average yellow-flesh intensity and in the consistency of pairwise comparisons between individual selections and `Yukon Gold'. For determining yellow-flesh intensity, the 25 to 75 percentile subsample was as informative as the full sample.