A localization method for wireless capsule endoscopy using side wall cameras and IMU sensor

Localizing the endoscopy capsule inside gastrointestinal (GI) system provides key information which leads to GI abnormality tracking and precision medical delivery. In this paper, we have proposed a new method to localize the capsule inside human GI track. We propose to equip the capsule with four side wall cameras and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), that consists of 9 Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) including a gyroscope, an accelerometer and a magnetometer to monitor the capsule’s orientation and direction of travel. The low resolution mono-chromatic cameras, installed along the wide wall, are responsible to measure the actual capsule movement, not the involuntary motion of the small intestine. Finally, a fusion algorithm is used to combine all data to derive the traveled path and plot the trajectory. Compared to other methods, the presented system is resistive to surrounding conditions, such as GI nonhomogeneous structure and involuntary small bowel movements. In addition, it does not require external antenna or arrays. Therefore, GI tracking can be achieved without disturbing patients’ daily activities.

A Localization Method for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Using Side Wall Cameras and IMU Sensor

Localizing the endoscopy capsule inside gastrointestinal (GI) system provides key information which leads to GI abnormality tracking and precision medical delivery. In this paper, we have proposed a new method to localize the capsule inside human GI track. We propose to equip the capsule with four side wall cameras and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), that consists of 9 Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) including a gyroscope, an accelerometer and a magnetometer to monitor the capsule’s orientation and direction of travel. The low resolution mono-chromatic cameras, installed along the wide wall, are responsible to measure the actual capsule movement, not the involuntary motion of the small intestine. Finally, a fusion algorithm is used to combine all data to derive the traveled path and plot the trajectory. Compared to other methods, the presented system is resistive to surrounding conditions, such as GI nonhomogeneous structure and involuntary small bowel movements. In addition, it does not require external antenna or arrays. Therefore, GI tracking can be achieved without disturbing patients’ daily activities.

Magnetic Nanoparticles with Core Shell: Macroscopic Model and Coercive Field

There exists nonhomogeneous structure in mechanosynthesized nanoparticles consisting of an ordered core surrounded by the shell. The shell may be structurally and magnetically disordered, or it may be ordered. These nanoparticles are found to be roughly spherical. We formulate the macroscopic model for the description of magnetic properties of nanoparticles with core-shell structure. The case of spheroids oriented in the same direction of polar axes is considered. There exits two coercive fields:HcγandHcψ. They are depending on quantitiesoandx, wherex=V2/(V1−2V2), ando=IF/IS, hereV1is the volume of the nanoparticle, andV2is the volume of the core.IFis the magnetization of the core, andISis the magnetization of the shell. There exists a transition from one type of the coercive field to another, changingxando. We have found qualitative explanation of observed enhancement of coercive field and of itsd-dependence inNiFe2O4nanoparticles.

Simulation of Bird Strikes on Turbine Engines

External components of aeroengines, such as casings and intake blades, must be capable of withstanding bird strikes. Various methods of computer simulation that have been developed are presented in summary. The most accurate and meaningful results are obtained with finite element programs specifically developed for impact events. Bird and component are divided into finite elements. The component model must allow for great elastic-plastic deformation, where the yield strength is a function of the strain rate. A model shape and a homogeneous substitute material must be defined for the complicated and nonhomogeneous structure of the bird. Bird strikes on a rotating spinner and an intake blade are investigated with the finite element program DYNA3D.