THE RESEARCH AND USE IN CONSTRUCTION OF THE BY-PRODUCTS FROM THE THERMAL POWER PLANT HYDRAULICALLY REMOVED ASH CLASSIFICATION

Today the environment protection is one of the most important issues in the world. The utilization of accumulating industrial waste is an up-todate area of construction research. The paper suggests a method for processing an electricity production waste, namely an ash from the hydraulic removal in the thermal power plant (TPP). The special classification by fractions of ashes from the hydraulic removal allows to receive such products as iron-containing product, fine sand (coarse filler), aluminosilicate hollow microsphere, and product with pozzolanic activity (fine filler).The experts of the State Enterprise "The State Research Institute of Building Constructions" and "Engineering Company "Perspective"" have conducted a series of studies on the obtained products properties and chemical composition, as well as on determining the fractional composition of each product. The density and specific surface area were evaluated, and each product binding properties control was performed. It was found that the aluminosilicate hollow microsphere and the product with pozzolanic activity had binding properties, and hardened mortars based on these materials were insoluble in water. Chemical analysis showed that in each of the products, except for iron-containing one, oxides of silicon and aluminum predominated. The iron containing product had a high content of iron oxides and by its composition was close to magnetite.The carried-out studies show that the products obtained during the hydraulic ash removal at TPP have a wide range of applications, both in the construction industry and in the chemical, mining, and metallurgical industries. In construction, these materials can be widely used as active mineral additives in the grinding of cements, or as additives improving the concrete mixtures and concretes properties. The iron-containing product is applicable in the special ultraheavy concretes manufacture.

SAWBOBETONE ON MODIFIED CEMENT BINDER

The article considers the principles of production of sawbobetone on cement binder modified with additives of soluble glass and ash of hydraulic removal of local CHP. The material based on the modified cement binder using local secondary raw materials: sawdust as a filler of sawdust and waste ash as a fine filler is effective in low-rise construction conditions.

Analysis of Work Parameters of the Device for Hydraulic Removal of Weed Vegetation

Introduction. The justification of parameters and introduction of new environmentally friendly technologies and technical means for weed control in the stalk zone is a pressing issue of major economic importance. The aim of the study is to justify the effective modes of operation trailer machine for the hydraulic removal weeds on the industrial plantation of horticultural crops. Materials and Methods. According to the analysis of existing technologies and technical means for weed vegetation removal from the stalk zone of garden plantings, a device for hydraulic removal of weed vegetation without the use of herbicides has been developed at Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM. To identify the most effective modes of operation of the machine on an industrial plantation of an apple orchard, a factorial experiment was conducted. Statistical processing of the obtained experimental results was carried out using mathematical modeling. Results. The statistical analysis of the factor experiment data showed that the following operating modes of the device are the most effective for performing the technological operation of hydraulic removal weeds: the distance between the soil and the spray head is 14.5 cm, the working fluid supply pressure is 759 bar, the movement speed is 2.4 km/h. The static treatment mode for estimating the penetration depth of the jets with exposures of 10, 5, and 3 sec showed a penetration depth of 62, 34 and 12 mm, respectively. The diameters of the track were: In the first case 350 mm external and 330 mm internal (cutting width 24 mm); in the second and third cases – 340 mm for the outer and 328 mm for the inner (cutting width 16 mm). Discussion and Conclusion. As a result of the experiment, it was established that the machine is able to provide high-quality processing stalk zone when using water from the central water supply. After the unit cultivated the soil, 90% which was covered with weeds, only 20–30% of the visible green mass remains, the rest is mixed with the soil. After doube cultivation, the root system of weed vegetation remained in 10–13% of the area. The device meets the requirements of the technological operation weed vegetation removal in the stalk zone without the use of herbicides with sufficiently high technological parameters.

Justification of the construction automated device for hydraulic removal of weeds in horticultural

Currently, the search continues for efficient, low-energy, environmentally friendly technologies for the destruction of weeds. The practical application of an environmentally friendly method of removing weeds using high-pressure water jets is hampered by the lack of technical solutions to ensure compliance with the treatment regimes in field conditions. The article presents a device for the hydraulic removal of weeds for use in gardening. To comply with the treatment regimens when performing technological operations in the field, a system of adaptation of the spray head has been developed. The results of field studies of the developed device with the proposed automated adaptation system are given.