Performance Evaluation of Cloud Database Security Algorithms

Cloud computing is a group of servers providing the on demand computing services to the users on rental basis. One of the services providing by the cloud is Data Storage as a Service. In Data Storage as a Service user will outsource their sensitive data to cloud storage environment, where the users data will be stored and whenever user needs data, they will access from the cloud storage from anywhere and anytime using any device connected to the internet. One of the critical issues in this is data security. When user outsources their sensitive data to cloud vendor, the cloud vendor may leak the user’s sensitive data to third persons because vendor is not a trusted party. To overcome these problems there are many authors suggested different security algorithms. In this research we studied and evaluating the performances of those security algorithms and proposing a better solution, which provides best security to data stored in cloud databases.

Factors Influencing Supply of Affordable Housing in Nigerian Cities Using Confirmatory Factors Analysis

Despite the Nigerian government's efforts to provide affordable housing to the country's low and medium-income groups, the efforts have not yielded the desired results. These have led individuals, families, and organisations to supply housing either on their own or on a rental basis. Although several scholars have attempted to investigate the problem, none has found a realistic solution. Only a few scholars have also used the confirmatory factor analysis to investigate and isolate and the critical factors influencing housing production and supply to the low and medium-income groups in the country. This research attempts to bridge this gap. Ekiti, Lagos and Oyo States were used as case study for the research. Two hundred and ten (210) survey questionnaires were administered on real estate developers using the purposive sampling technique. The data was analysed in SPSS. The study revealed that land accessibility, funding and demographics were found to be the significant factors influencing the supply of low and medium-income housing in the study area. The study recommends direct government intervention in housing supply in favour of an enabling environment for the housing sector in the country

Factors affecting rentals of residential apartments in Pune, India: an empirical investigation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find out the factors affecting rentals of residential apartments in Pune, India. Design/methodology/approach Four regression models are developed, i.e. basic ordinary least square (OLS) regression model, OLS regression model with robust estimates, OLS regression model with clustered robust estimates and generalized least square (GLS) regression model with maximum likelihood (ML) robust estimates. Based on the Akaike information criterion and Bayesian information criterion criteria, OLS regression model with clustered robust estimates and GLS regression model with robust estimates are best fit. The data are tested for multicollinearity and the models are tested for heteroscedasticity. The study uses the expected rent value data collected from Web portals and the data on factors affecting the rental value of residential property are collected through the study of land use maps, Google earth software and field visits. Findings Total floor area and number of rooms are structure related factors that positively affect the rental value, i.e. more the area and number of rooms, higher the rental value. The distances from the nearest police station and fire station are security and safety factors. The results suggest that higher distance from these factors leads to lower rental values, as safety and security is the top priority of residents seeking residential property on rental basis. The distance from employment zones, distance from nearest school/college and the distance from the nearest public transport terminal are convenience related factors that negatively affect the rental value, as greater the distance, lesser the rental value and vice versa. The distance from Central Business District and hospitals has a positive effect on the rental values of a residential property implying that higher distances from these places command higher rental value. Research limitations/implications The study relies on rental data that owner is expecting for a particular property, it is not certain that the property would be actually rented for the same value. Second, researchers had to drop certain important drivers of rental value because of the issue of multicollinearity. Practical implications This is one of the rare studies conducted in Indian context, and the findings of the study are useful from the owner, tenants, urban bodies and developers’ point of view. Knowing that India is one of the fastest growing markets and need for housing is increasing day by day (including housing facility on rental basis), the stakeholders need to take care of the factors that affect the rental values of a residential property. Social implications The authors suggest the governments and the municipal bodies in India to come up with a public rental housing policy that separately caters to the needs of the lower income group, middle and upper income group in at least metros, tier I and tier II cities that are witnessing unprecedented growth in job seeking immigrants, who are seeking properties on rental basis. While developing a public rental policy, they must keep in mind the factors that are driving the rental values, such as proximity to employment zones, proximity to proper school and college, efficient public transport system as well as all safety and security measures. Creation of such a public rental policy is a win–win situation for immigrants, property owners and government/urban development bodies. Originality/value This paper is the first empirical study about the factors affecting rental values in Pune, India. The study will help property owners, immigrant and local tenants, government and urban development bodies to develop an understanding about the important factors affecting rental value and come up with their respective plans. Advanced econometric regression models are used based on the data that is collected through actual field visits, study of maps and secondary information rather than use of survey method or creation of dummy variables.

Air Conditioning the Arabian Peninsula

With much of the Arabian Peninsula characterized by hot and arid weather conditions during long summer seasons, residents are forced to rely on air conditioning to cool their surroundings. Before the construction of air conditioning infrastructures, many would leave the coast during the summer months to head to oases, such as Al Ain near Abu Dhabi, or live in tents in the desert to find relief from the heat. From the 1950s, European and American building practices shaped the region with little consideration of vernacular design elements or energy conservation. These building practices introduced air conditioning as a cooling method. For instance, the 1951 Report of Operations to the Saudi Arab Government by the Arabian American Oil Company explained how “automobiles, air conditioning units, sewing machines, washing machines, refrigerators, and many other modern conveniences are now readily available” in Al Hasa, a significant region for Aramco's operations on the east of Saudi Arabia. By 1952, workers residing in Aramco's camps could have air conditioning units installed in their rooms on a rental basis. Air conditioning technology reconfigured urban environments, altering the relationship between indoors and outdoors, and ultimately constituting what Jiat-Hwee Chang and Tim Winter term a “thermal modernity” that transforms how built forms are imagined and inhabited. The current widespread use of air conditioning in the region is therefore connected not only to high temperatures, but also to how air conditioning is singled out as the ultimate technical fix in confronting the climate. Other solutions to managing heat, such as improving insulation mechanisms for residences and office buildings, have been less pervasive.

Analysys of reliability and cost of repairs of trucks under long-term lease conditions / Analiza niezawodności i kosztów napraw samochodów ciężarowych w warunkach wynajmu długoterminowego

The article presents the results of the reliability tests of three makes of trucks. They used samples of 30 vehicles of each make. The vehicles were used by transport companies on a rental basis. The analysis omitted defects of the body-work of the vehicles as the component unrelated to a particular make. The first part of the analysis characterized operating process in respect to mileages and operating time. Then the analysis of the reliability of vehicles and their components was conducted taking into account the mileages till the first recorded defect and separately inter-repair periods’ mileages. The analyses presented are part of a larger work, which aims to develop a method for evaluating the operational quality of trucks from the point of view of the owner of the rental vehicles.