Botanica Pacifica plant chromosome data 1

The chromosome numbers (2n) are presented for 82 vascular plant species of 61 genera from 31 families: Amaranthaceae: Amaranthus, Atriplex; Apiaceae: Angelica, Pimpinella, Torilis; Araceae: Calla; Asteraceae: Bidens, Hieracium, Lactuca, Leontodon, Solidago; Boraginaceae: Cerinthe, Lappula; Brassicaceae: Fibigia; Campanulaceae: Platycodon; Caryophyllaceae: Dianthus, Eremogone; Cupressaceae: Cupressus; Ericaceae: Rhododendron; Euphorbiaceae: Euphorbia; Fabaceae: Acacia, Astragalus, Galega, Lotus, Robinia, Trifolium, Vicia; Grossulariaceae: Ribes; Iridaceae: Iris; Lamiaceae: Leonurus, Lycopus; Liliaceae: Lilium; Nelumbonaceae: Nelumbo; Onagraceae: Chamaenerion; Orobanchaceae: Pedicularis; Paeoniaceae: Paeonia; Papaveraceae: Chelidonium, Glaucium, Papaver; Plantaginaceae: Plantago; Poaceae: Achnatherum, Calamagrostis, Digitaria, Eragrostis, Glyceria, Milium, Phleum, Poa, Puccinellia; Polygonaceae: Persicaria, Rumex; Primulaceae: Anagallis; Ranunculaceae: Delphinium, Pulsatilla; Rosaceae: Potentilla, Sibbaldia, Spiraea; Rubiaceae: Asperula; Urticaceae: Parietaria; Valerianaceae: Valeriana; Violaceae: Viola. The species studied are from East Europe (Ukraine), Siberia (Irkutsk Region, Novosibirsk Region, Republic of Buryatia), Caucasus (Abkhazia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia), Middle Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan) and the Russian Far East (Amur Region, Khabarovsk Territory, Primorye Territory). Most of the species are diploids, with different basic numbers (x). Species with variable ploidy also were revealed. The CN data are accompanied with the brief information on ecology and distribution of the species studied.

Understanding basic numbers: examples from Brexit, Covid and common medical conditions

The UK Brexit debate and the current Covid pandemic have been fertile grounds for people seeking poor use of statistics, and demonstrate a need to reiterate some basic principles of data presentation. Communicating basic numbers to convey the correct message is a vital skill for a public health professional but even basic numbers can be difficult to understand, and are susceptible to misuse. The first issue is how to understand ‘orphan’ numbers; numbers quoted without comparison or context. This leads on to the problems of understand numbers as proportions and how to make comparisons using proportions. Percentages, and in particular percentage changes, are also a major source of misunderstanding and the baseline percentage should always be given. The use of relative risk can also convey the wrong message and should always be accompanied by a measure of absolute risk. Similarly, numbers needed to treat should also refer to baseline risks. Communicating numbers is often more effective using natural counts or frequencies rather than fractions or proportions, and using pictorial representations of proportions can also be effective. The paper will also examine the problems of using simple ratios to try and adjust one continuous variable by another in particular the use of the BMI and for standardising death rates by institution. The misuse of reporting occurs in primary sources such as academic papers, but even more so in secondary reporting sources such as general media reports. It is natural to try and convey complex messages using a single summary number, but there are assumptions behind these summaries that should be questioned. It is usually better to give the individual numbers rather than a ratio of them.

Character Segmentation to the Case Study Image of Quadratic Equation Expression

The introduction of digital mathematical expressions can be said to be unusual because mathematical expressions consist of various symbols. The introduction of mathematical expressions can be divided into two main steps, namely the introduction of symbols and structural analysis. Segmentation of an image is an important part in the recognition of handwritten mathematical expressions, because segmentation is the first step of the recognition process. In this study, we will present the process of handwriting image segmentation for mathematical expressions in the form of quadratic equations using the Connected Component Labeling (CCL) method. From the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that the segmentation process has succeeded in segmenting the handwritten images of mathematical expressions in the form of quadratic equations by producing the characters (compound characters) that make up mathematical expressions and grouping the ranks and basic numbers of quadratic equations.

MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN MURID SLOW LEARNER TERHADAP KONSEP PECAHAN SATU PERDUA DAN SATU PEREMPAT MENGGUNAKAN FRACTUS PIZZA

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penguasaan kemahiran nombor asas satu hingga sembilandan meningkatkan daya tumpuan melalui penggunaan kaedah mainan Ulat Beluncas dalam kalanganmurid Pendidikan Khas terutamanya ADHD dan ADD ataupun Hiperaktif. Kajian ini melibatkan seorangsahaja murid Pendidikan Khas masalah pembelajaran yang berada di kelas Program Pendidikan KhasIntegrasi Masalah Pembelajaran di salah sebuah sekolah di daerah Pasir Mas, Kelantan. Objektif kajianini ialah meningkatkan penguasaan nombor asas satu hingga sembilan dengan menggunakan kaedahpermainan Ulat Beluncas dan meningkatkan tumpuan murid dalam aktiviti pengajaran dan pembelajaranmelalui kaedah permainan Ulat Beluncas. Pengkaji telah menggunakan analisis dokumen, pemerhatiandan temu bual sebagai instrumen kajian dalam pengumpulan data. Kesemua dapatan kajian dianalisisdan diperihalkan secara deskriptif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan berlakunya peningkatan positif terhadappencapaian murid dalam penguasaan kemahiran nombor asas dengan menggunakan bahan bantumengajar Ulat Beluncas. Pada masa yang sama, dapatan kajian turut menunjukkan perubahan yangpositif terhadap daya tumpuan murid dalam aktiviti pengajaran dan pembelajaran melalui penggunaanUlat Beluncas. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan bagi semua pihak dalam membantumurid pendidikan khas yang mengalami masalah dalam penguasaan nombor asas satu hingga sembilan. This study aims to increase the numerical ability of one to nine basic skills and increase focus throughthe use of Caterpillar Toy method among Special Education students especially ADHD and ADD orHyiperactive. This study involves one student of the Special Education problem of learning that isin the classroom of the Special Education Integration Learning Problem class at one of the schoolsin the district of Pasir Mas, Kelantan. The objective of this study is to increase the numeracy of oneto nine by using the Caterpillar game method and to increase the focus of the pupils in the teachingand learning activities through the caterpillar game method. Researchers used document analysis,observation and interview as a research instrument in data collection. All findings were analyzedand descriptively described. The findings show that there has been a positive increase in studentachievement in mastering basic numeracy using the teaching materials of Caterpillar. At the same time,the findings also showed a positive change in student’s motivation in teaching and learning activitiesthrough the use of the Caterpillar. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for all partiesin assisting special education students experiencing problems in mastering one to nine basic numbers.

MENINGKATKAN PENGUASAAN MURID HIPERAKTIF BAGI NOMBOR SATU HINGGA SEMBILAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH MAINAN ULAT BELUNCAS

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan penguasaan kemahiran nombor asas satu hingga sembilandan meningkatkan daya tumpuan melalui penggunaan kaedah mainan Ulat Beluncas dalam kalanganmurid Pendidikan Khas terutamanya ADHD dan ADD ataupun Hiperaktif. Kajian ini melibatkan seorangsahaja murid Pendidikan Khas masalah pembelajaran yang berada di kelas Program Pendidikan KhasIntegrasi Masalah Pembelajaran di salah sebuah sekolah di daerah Pasir Mas, Kelantan. Objektif kajianini ialah meningkatkan penguasaan nombor asas satu hingga sembilan dengan menggunakan kaedahpermainan Ulat Beluncas dan meningkatkan tumpuan murid dalam aktiviti pengajaran dan pembelajaranmelalui kaedah permainan Ulat Beluncas. Pengkaji telah menggunakan analisis dokumen, pemerhatiandan temu bual sebagai instrumen kajian dalam pengumpulan data. Kesemua dapatan kajian dianalisisdan diperihalkan secara deskriptif. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan berlakunya peningkatan positif terhadappencapaian murid dalam penguasaan kemahiran nombor asas dengan menggunakan bahan bantumengajar Ulat Beluncas. Pada masa yang sama, dapatan kajian turut menunjukkan perubahan yangpositif terhadap daya tumpuan murid dalam aktiviti pengajaran dan pembelajaran melalui penggunaanUlat Beluncas. Hasil kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan bagi semua pihak dalam membantumurid pendidikan khas yang mengalami masalah dalam penguasaan nombor asas satu hingga sembilan. This study aims to increase the numerical ability of one to nine basic skills and increase focus throughthe use of Caterpillar Toy method among Special Education students especially ADHD and ADD orHyiperactive. This study involves one student of the Special Education problem of learning that isin the classroom of the Special Education Integration Learning Problem class at one of the schoolsin the district of Pasir Mas, Kelantan. The objective of this study is to increase the numeracy of oneto nine by using the Caterpillar game method and to increase the focus of the pupils in the teachingand learning activities through the caterpillar game method. Researchers used document analysis,observation and interview as a research instrument in data collection. All findings were analyzedand descriptively described. The findings show that there has been a positive increase in studentachievement in mastering basic numeracy using the teaching materials of Caterpillar. At the same time,the findings also showed a positive change in student’s motivation in teaching and learning activitiesthrough the use of the Caterpillar. The results of this study are expected to be a reference for all partiesin assisting special education students experiencing problems in mastering one to nine basic numbers.