Facies Analysis Of The Late Eocene Deep-Marine Middle- To Outer-Fan Sequence Of The Crocker Formation In Tenom District, Sabah, Malaysia

The Crocker Formation, Late Eocene to Middle Miocene in age, was deposited in a deep-marine environment by a turbidity current. Most of the facies identified in the field are related to the sedimentary bed-form structures belonging to Bouma sequences. These prominently include unit divisions such as Ta referring to grading sand, Tb for parallel laminae, Tc for cross laminae, Td for mud laminae, and Te referring to hemipelagic mud. Five facies have adequately been identified using Bouma sequence implications, namely Facies 1 (F1: Ta-Tb layers), Facies 2 (F2: Ta-Te layers), Facies 3 (F3: Tb-Te layers), Facies 4 (F4: Tb / Tc-Te layers), and Facies 5 (F5: Td-Te layers). Based on the Crocker Formation facies analysis, three distinct groups of facies associations were recognised: Deep-Marine Channel-Lobe Association (Type A1), Deep-Marine Channel-Levee Association (Type A2), and Distal Lobe Association. These facies associations precisely revealed that the Crocker Formation's depositional environments were likely deposited in the middle-fan with associated outer-fan settings.

A new species of Macrothrix (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Macrothricidae) from the Neotropics with description of the marthae-group

Publications of the last three decades demonstrated the existence of some compact species groups within the Macrothrix Baird genus (Cladocera: Macrothricidae). Many species were included in hirsuticornis-group, laticornis-group, rosea-triserialis-group and paulensis-group, but not in Macrothrix marthae group. It has a peculiar set of morphological traits not observed in any other species, so far. Studying material from Ribeira de Iguape River, Brazil, we found some individuals that resemble M. marthae, which represent a new species described herein. Macrothrix lourdesae sp. nov shares with M. marthae similar morphology of Inner Distal Lobe setae and the same modifications on the fourth and fifth limbs. The main difference between them is related to the number of setae in the exopodite of the third limb. Observing the high number of morphological traits shared, it is possible to indicate that M. lourdesae sp. nov and M. marthae form a separate species group within the genus.

Re-evaluation of the genus Biapertura Smirnov, 1971 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)

The genus Biapertura Smirnov, 1971, with type species B. affinis (= Lynceus affinis Leydig, 1860) is re-evaluated, removing the affinis-group from polyphyletic Alona s. lato. Biapertura s. str. is a taxon which could be defined by large size (up to 1.1 mm), having head shield with triangular posterior portion and two connected major head pores, and by having massive postabdomen with over 10 well-developed composite marginal denticles and well-developed lateral fascicles of setulae. Thoracic limbs of Biapertura are of Hexalona-type, inner distal lobe of limb I bear extremely large, usually claw-like seta 1. Australian species of the genus, B. kendallensis (Henry, 1919) and B. elliptica (Sinev, 1997), are fully redescribed here. Morphological analysis suggests that Biapertura s. str. is a sister-group to Alona s. str. A key to seven species of the genus is provided and a discussion of their geographic distribution and habitat type is given.

A new species of Pseudovaigamus Amado, Ho & Rocha, 1984 (Cyclopoida: Ergasilidae) from the teleost Pimelodus maculatus Lacepède, 1803

A new species of the copepod genus Pseudovaigamus Amado, Ho & Rocha, 1984 is described herein based on parasitic adult females found attached to the gills of the freshwater teleost Pimelodus maculatus Lacepède, 1803, sampled in two tributaries (Veados and Paranapananema Rivers) of the Jurumirim Reservoir, Upper Paranapanema River, São Paulo State, Brazil. The new copepod was identified as an undescribed species of Pseudovaigamus because it shares with the type-species, Pseudovaigamus spinicephalus (Thatcher & Robertson, 1984), the combination of first leg with 2-segmented endopod, fourth leg with 3-segmented endopod and 2-segmented exopod, and cephalothorax armed with dorsolateral stylets (or retrostylets). However, the new copepod differs from its congener in having a trifid rostral spine, retrostylets with long spatulate process, 5-segmented antennule, and caudal rami simple or lacking any distal lobe. We erected a new species, Pseudovaigamus tridentatus n. sp.. It is the first report of a Pseudovaigamus found on a freshwater fish in Brazil.

Impatiens dasyvexilla, a New Species of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) from Hubei, China

A new species of Impatiens L. from Hubei, China, I. dasyvexilla Q. L. Gan & X.W. Li, is described and illustrated in this paper. This species is closely allied with I. blepharosepala E. Pritz. in having leaves that are crowded at the upper part of the stem and lateral sepals that are ciliate at the margin. However, I. dasyvexilla is distinctive in its hirsute dorsal petal, conical glands at the leaf base, densely pubescent pedicel, and distal lobe of united petals cleft at the inner side. This new species should belong to Impatiens sect. Impatiens.

A single-cell atlas of the mouse and human prostate reveals heterogeneity and conservation of epithelial progenitors

Understanding the cellular constituents of the prostate is essential for identifying the cell of origin for prostate adenocarcinoma. Here, we describe a comprehensive single-cell atlas of the adult mouse prostate epithelium, which displays extensive heterogeneity. We observe distal lobe-specific luminal epithelial populations (LumA, LumD, LumL, and LumV), a proximally enriched luminal population (LumP) that is not lobe-specific, and a periurethral population (PrU) that shares both basal and luminal features. Functional analyses suggest that LumP and PrU cells have multipotent progenitor activity in organoid formation and tissue reconstitution assays. Furthermore, we show that mouse distal and proximal luminal cells are most similar to human acinar and ductal populations, that a PrU-like population is conserved between species, and that the mouse lateral prostate is most similar to the human peripheral zone. Our findings elucidate new prostate epithelial progenitors, and help resolve long-standing questions about anatomical relationships between the mouse and human prostate.

More than just the number of denticles: morphometric and limb variability in Neotropical cladoceran Alonella dadayi (Crustacea: Cladocera: Chydoridae)

The aim of this study is to describe the limb morphology of Alonella dadayi Birge (Cladocera: Chydorida) and this species’ morphometric variability regarding the carapace and postabdomen. We report for the first time a population whose individuals do not have denticles on the posteroventral corner of the carapace. Although we have observed intra- and interpopulation variability of the limbs (especially the proportion of Inner Distal Lobe setae), Alonella dadayi can also be differentiated from closely related species by the morphology of the exopodite of the second limb. The morphometric analyses show high variability in the shape of the carapace, when regarding the ventral margin and posterodorsal corner. In the postabdomen, we observed a significant variation in the preanal, anal and postanal margins. Keeping in mind the wide range of the geographic distribution of Alonella dadayi and its high morphological variability, it is possible that this taxon comprises a species complex. Such a chance needs to be tested in future studies.

Three new species of the genus Bittacus Latreille, 1805 (Mecoptera: Bittacidae), with a key to the species of Bittacidae in South China

The Bittacidae of South China consist of two species of Bicaubittacus and eight species of Bittacus, among which three species are described here as new to science. Bittacus acutus sp. n. from Guangxi is recognized mainly by the hat-shaped epandrial lobe with an acute ventro-distal process in the male genitalia. Bittacus shaoguanensis sp. n. from Guangdong is distinguished by the triangular epandrial lobe in the male genitalia, and a V-shaped streak in the central part of wings. Bittacus longilobus sp. n. from Guangdong is recognizable by the main body of the epandrial lobe trapezoid, with an elongate ventro-distal lobe twice as long. The number of described species of the Chinese Bittacus is now raised to 41. A key to the species of Bittacidae in South China is provided.