Pengaruh pemberian cuka mandai terhadap kadar kolesterol total, lipoprotein dan trigliserida pada mencit (Mus musculus) dengan induksi kuning telur

Mandai merupakan produk pangan fungsional sebagai upaya pemanfaatan limbah dari konsumsi buah cempedak, seperti dengan cara fermentasi yang merupakan salah satu bagian dari upaya pengawetan makanan agar tersedia dalam waktu yang lama. Cuka mandai merupakan produk olahan lanjutan dari mandai yang diproyeksikan bernilai tinggi adalah menjadi pangan fungsional yang memiliki antioksidan yang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui pengaruh pemberian cuka mandai terhadap kadar kolesterol total, HDL (High-density lipoprotein), LDL (Low-density lipoprotein) dan TG (Trigliserida) pada mencit (Mus musculus) jantan yang diinduksi kuning telur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi-eksperimen dengan pre-test and pos-test with control design dengan 6 perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan diulang 5 kali. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil pada taraf a 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada 14 hari setelah pemberian cuka mandai kadar kolesterol total pada mencit yang diinduksi dengan kuning telur mengalami penurunan yang nyata (p < 0,05), yaitu dari 76,6 mg dL-1 menjadi 54,8 mg dL-1. Akan tetapi kadar HDL tidak berbeda signifikan (p > 0,05) pada semua perlakuan, tetapi menunjukkan kenaikan. Trigliserida pada perlakuan kuning telur dan asam askorbat mengalami penurunan.

Editorial

Puji dan syukur kami panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas rahmat dan hidayahNya, Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Volume 5 No 2 tahun 2020 dapat diterbitkan. Jurnal Jamu Indonesia merupakan media untuk diseminasi hasil penelitian yang berkaitan dengan jamu di Indonesia. Jamu telah dikenal lama penduduk Indonesia sebagai salah satu pengobatan. Berbagai tanaman di Indonesia sangat berpotensi sebagai jamu. Penelitian tanaman obat dari bagian daun, batang, dan rimpang tanaman telah banyak dilakukan dan terus berkembang.Terdapat 5 artikel yang termasuk dalam original artikel yang diterbitkan pada Volume 5 No. 2 Tahun 2020. Artikel pertama memberikan informasi bagaimana membuat sabun padat transparan dari kombinasi gliserin, sukrosa dan etanol 96% sebagai transparent agent yang memenuhi persyaratan uji mutu dan uji organoleptis. Artikel kedua memberikan informasi khasiat fraksi ekstrak etanol 70% buah oyong dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, lipoprotein densitas rendah (LDL), dan trigliserida pada hamster hiperlipidemia. Artikel ketiga memberikan kelengkapan informasi monografi bawang bombay, menentukan karakteristik fisikokimia yang spesifik dan aktivitas antioksidan. Artikel keempat memberikan informasi pengaruh cekaman salinitas dan kekeringan terhadap biomassa 4 senyawa golongan triterpene pada pegagan. Sementara informasi terkait dengan enis-jenis tumbuhan mangrove yang bermanfaat sebagai obat di Desa Gedangan, Kecamatan Purwodadi, Kabupaten Purworejo, Jawa Tengah merupakan isi yang ada pada artikel kelima. Redaksi mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh penulis atas partisipasinya dalam berbagi hasil penelitiannya melalui publikasi di Jurnal Jamu Indonesia. Redaksi juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh reviewer atas partisipasinya dalam meningkatkan kualitas tulisan naskah jurnal di edisi ini. Semua hasil karya tersebut akan diarsipkan sebagai dokumentasi berharga demi terjaganya informasi yang dapat menjadi sumber pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan di masa depan. Kontribusi publikasi peneliti-peneliti dan pejuang Jamu Indonesia terus kami harapkan untuk dapat disampaikan di dalam Jurnal Jamu Indonesia ini. Peningkatan kontribusi jumlah dan kualitas tulisan yang telah dan akan dimasukkan akan dapat membantu pengembangan jurnal ini, dan pada saatnya diharapkan juga dapat menjadikan Jurnal Jamu Indonesia menjadi referensi baik secara nasional, maupun internasional. Juni 2020 Waras NurcholisWakil Dewan Redaksi

Indirect Measurement of the Production of Plasma Triacylglycerols by Horses Given a High-Fat Diet

The hypothesis tested was that the feeding of extra fat to horses would raise the production of plasma triacylglycerols (TAG). To measure TAG secretion, the indirect Triton method was used. Six adult horses were given a low-fat control or a high-fat diet according to a crossover design. In keeping with our earlier work, the high-fat diet lowered fasting plasma TAG concentrations by an average of 42% and raised post-heparin total lipoprotein lipase activity by 79%. The rate of increase in plasma TAG concentration after Triton administration was 49% lower when the horses were fed the high-fat diet instead of the low-fat control diet. Thus, the hypothesis is rejected. It is suggested that the dose of Triton used in the study might have been too low to fully depress lipoprotein lipase activity, leading to an outcome of the study that was opposite to that expected.

Synthesis and transport of lipoprotein lipase in perfused guinea pig hearts

Total lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity did not differ significantly between hearts from fed or fasted guinea pigs. Incorporation of [35S]methionine into immunoprecipitable LPL was also the same. The rates at which perfused hearts from fed or fasted guinea pigs released LPL activity into the medium were, however, different (2 vs. 4 mU.g-1.min-1). These rates remained constant over 60 min of perfusion. Addition of heparin to the medium resulted in a peak of LPL activity during the first 2 min, followed by a shoulder of relatively high activity, which gradually declined to a constant rate from 30 min. The peak and shoulders were less with hearts from fed animals than with hearts from fasted animals, but the constant rates were similar. Cycloheximide added at the start of the perfusion had no effect on the peak or on the early part of the shoulder, but the LPL activity released from 30 min continuously decreased so that at 60 min it was less than half of that in controls. Studies in which the enzyme was pulse labeled by perfusion 15 min with medium containing [35S]methionine and then chased up to 75 min with unlabeled medium showed no differences in how LPL is transported and metabolized in hearts from fed vs. fasted guinea pigs. Thus the data suggest that factors outside the heart influence the disposition of heart LPL in vivo.

Modulation by phenobarbital of the differentiation of 3T3 preadipocytes

The effect of phenobarbital upon the differentiation of two preadipocyte cell lines, 3T3 F442A and 3T3 L-1, was examined by measuring the synthesis and secretion of lipoprotein lipase. Extracellular enzyme was measured by treating intact cells with heparin, and the intracellular enzyme was subsequently assayed in cell homogenates. When confluent cultures of 3T3 F442A cells were treated with insulin, the cells underwent differentiation as indicated by increased activity of lipoprotein lipase within 6 days, followed in turn by increased levels of protein and triglyceride. Addition of phenobarbital with insulin enhanced total lipoprotein lipase, protein, and triglyceride content. The activity of lipoprotein lipase accumulated in the heparin-releasable fraction during differentiation was increased 2- to 3-fold and the intracellular enzyme was enhanced 15- to 20-fold by the addition of phenobarbital. The ability of phenobarbital to modulate differentiation was dependent upon the time of addition. When added early in the postconfluent period, there was a greater increase in lipoprotein lipase activity than when the drug was added at later times. Phenobarbital also stimulated lipoprotein lipase in differentiating 3T3 L-1 cells in the presence of insulin, although lipoprotein lipase activity was moderately enhanced by phenobarbital alone in these cells. These results suggest that phenobarbital may affect the conversion of adipoblasts into preadipocytes and thereby increase the proportion of cells susceptible to the differentiating stimulus.

The lipoprotein lipase (clearing-factor lipase) activity of cells isolated from rat cardiac muscle

The total lipoprotein lipase activity recovered in suspension of cells prepared from adult rat hearts was unaffected by the nutritional state of the animals used. The enzyme activity present in the cell suspensions was almost exclusively associated with the cardiac muscle cells present as the major cell type.

Improved assessment of plasma lipoprotein patterns. III. Direct measurement of lipoproteins after gel-electrophoresis.

Based on a previously described technique [Clin. Chem. 19, 737 (1973)] of precipitating plasma lipoproteins with polyanions after their electrophoretic separation in gels, a new method is presented for measuring normal plasma lipoproteins densitometrically. The method is fast and easy; the CV for beta-, pre-beta-, and alpha-lipoproteins was less than 5% in one series. Results are linearly related to concentration up to 10 g of total lipoprotein per liter. No unusual equipment is required. Standardization is done with the aid of a commercially available filter. Total plasma cholesterol and cholesterol calculated from quantified lipoprotein fractions were highly (r = 0.963) correlated.