Hospitality Industry Employees’ Intention to Stay in Their Job after the COVID-19 Pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating effect on the tourism and hospitality industries in Taiwan, causing some small companies to cease trading and large companies to place their employees on unpaid leave. Placing employees on unpaid leave may have negatively affected the intention of hospitality employees to remain in their jobs. This study examined whether employees’ job insecurity and organizational identification affected their intention to stay in their job during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previously developed scales were adopted to develop items measuring job insecurity, organizational identification, and intention to stay in a job. Responses to 515 returned questionnaires were examined. The results revealed that job insecurity significantly affects organizational identification. Both job insecurity and organizational identification significantly affected intention to stay. Few studies have used path analyses to investigate the relationships among intention to stay, job insecurity, and organizational identification. The indirect effect of organizational identification was analyzed, and evidence supporting a total effect and total indirect effect was obtained. This implies that hospitality companies seeking to retain staff during crises should promote organizational identification among staff.

Is Higher Subjective Fear Predictive of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in a Sample of the Chinese General Public?

Background: COVID-19 has taken a huge toll on medical resources and the economy and will inevitably have an impact on public mental health. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as the most common mental illness after an epidemic, must be seriously addressed. This study aimed to investigate the subjective fear of the Chinese general public during COVID-19 and to explore how it affected the development of PTSD.Methods: An online questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,009 people from January 30 to February 14, 2020 (about 1 month after the COVID-19 outbreak). The subjective fear was measured by a self-reported single-choice question. Four items from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were selected to measure the subjects' sleep quality. Their post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were measured by the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Pearson correlation, hierarchical multivariate regression analysis, multiple mediator model, and bootstrapping were used in statistical analyses.Results: Different people showed different levels of subjective fear in response to the outbreak. There was a significant positive correlation between subjective fear and the total score of PCL-5 (R = 0.513, P < 0.01), meaning that the higher the degree of subjective fear, the more severe the symptoms of post-traumatic stress are. Subjective fear was an important predictor of PTSS, accounting for 24.3% of the variance. The total effect of subjective fear on PCL-5 scores was significant (total effect = 7.426, SE = 0.405, 95% CI = 6.631–8.221). The total indirect effect of subjective fear on PCL-5 scores through sleep quality was also significant (total indirect effect = 1.945, SE = 0.258, 95% CI = 1.436–2.470).Conclusions: Subjective fear has an important predictive effect on PTSS. In addition to the direct effect, our findings firstly demonstrate the mediating role of sleep quality in the relationship between subjective fear and PTSS.

Antisocial Personality Disorder as a Risk Factor for Opioid Use: The Dual Mediating Roles of Antisocial Attitudes and Self-Control

Antisocial personality disorder is a risk factor for opioid use. There is a dearth of research which examines self-control and moral disengagement as potential mediators of this relationship. This study utilized data from the Pathways to Desistance study in analyses. Generalized structural equation modeling was utilized to test for mediation of the relationship between antisocial personality disorder and opioid use. Bootstrapped standard errors were computed so that a Clogg Z test could be estimated to determine if identified mediation effects significantly differed. Results indicated that a likely diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder increased risk for opioid use. Inclusion of moral disengagement and self-control into the model resulted in attenuation of this effect to non-significance and reduced the magnitude of the effect by around 45%. The contribution of both constructs to the total indirect effect did not significantly differ and only the total indirect effect was significant.

Assessing the Role of Simplicity in the Continuous Use of Mobile Apps

The proliferation of smartphones has provided a huge market for mobile apps and created a massive industry for developers/designers creating various mobile apps for use in our daily activities. However, with many mobile apps competition for users attention, the continued use of these apps has become a growing concern as users easily dump one app for another even after just a single use. This study examined the role of simplicity in the continuance use of mobile apps. The study extended the ECM with simplicity and showed that simplicity had a significant direct positive influence on confirmations, perceived usefulness, and satisfaction as well as a significant total indirect effect on continuance intentions. Additionally, all the ECM proposed relationships were confirmed. The study extends the current literature on continuance use of mobile apps by demonstrating the relevance of a concrete factor that developers/designs can manipulate to improve the continuance use for their mobile apps.

Mediating Factors for the Relationship between Stress and Work Ability over Time in Young Adults

Stress can affect work ability. The aim of this study was to identify how this pathway is mediated over time in young adults. Participants of the Work Ability in Young Adults cohort were selected. A theoretical framework was built, which lead to a statistical model. Selected dimensions of mediators were recovery, work demands affecting private life, feelings of control over private life, and physical activity in leisure time. A quadruple serial mediation model was built with four mediators. The total effect of stress on work ability was −0.3955, 95% CI [−0.4764, −0.3146]. The total indirect effect amounted to 81% with an effect of −0.3182, 95% CI [−0.3750, −0.2642]. The relationship between stress and Work Ability Score five years later in young adults was mediated by stress five years later, work demands affecting private life, feelings of control over private life and feeling well-rested upon waking. These results indicate that work demands affecting private life and feelings of control over private life are important mediators of the relationship between stress and work ability in young adults. A well-balanced relationship between work and private life can counteract the influence of stress on work ability in this age group.

Improving mental health through neighbourhood regeneration: the role of cohesion, belonging, quality and disorder

Poor mental health has been associated with socioeconomic deprivation. The aim was to describe possible mechanisms underpinning the narrowing of mental health inequalities demonstrated by Communities First, an area-wide regeneration programme in Wales, UK. Propensity score matched data from the Caerphilly Health and Social Needs Electronic Cohort Study, assessed changes in mental health, neighbourhood-level social cohesion, belongingness, quality and disorder. A multiple mediation analysis found c.76% of the total indirect effect was accounted for by neighbourhood quality and disorder. Targeted regeneration that increases neighbourhood quality and reduced neighbourhood disorder could mitigate the mental health inequalities associated with socioeconomic deprivation.

Physical Activity and Academic Performance: The Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem and Depression

An important step to enhance the academic efficiency of students is increasing their physical activity. For this reason, it is necessary to see to what extent physical activity is related to the academic performance of the students and what might mediate this. A major objective of the study is to explore self-esteem and depression as mediators between physical activity and academic performance. On the basis of informed consent to participate in the study, 358 participants have been selected from Universities in Pakistan, and they were asked about their physical activity, depression during their study and self-esteem through self-report. Participants self-reported their self-esteem, level of depression and their physical activity through standardized measures; the Rosenberg Self-esteem scale (1965), the University stress scale (2016), and the short form of the International Physical Activity questionnaire (2003), respectively. Academic performance had been measured as the cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of the last two consecutive semesters. Self-esteem and depression were found to be significant mediators between physical activity and academic performance. The total effect of physical activity on academic performance was significant but smaller than the total indirect effect through mediators. Though total indirect effect is the combination of the effect of self-esteem and depression, but the larger contribution is of self-esteem which has been found to be the strongest mediator between physical activity and academic performance. The study has implications for future research, both in terms of testing the model and testing psychological constructs. Also, the study emphasizes that the importance of physical activity has to be kept in mind while designing a curriculum of an educational institution in order to foster sustainable development.

Pengaruh Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, dan Brand Trust di Mediasi Oleh Customer Commitment Terhadap Customer Loyalty Penumpang Maskapai Low Cost Carrier Di Bali

Kebutuhan masyarakat Indonesia atas layanan transportasi terus meningkat sesuai dengan meningkatnya pembangunan nasional. Jenis layanan transportasi udara juga terus berkembang, salah satu adalah dengan beroperasinya model penerbangan unik yaitu melalui strategi penurunan operating cost di semua lini yang mengakibatkan harga tiket dapat ditekan. Model penerbangan ini disebut low cost carrier (LCC). Kepuasan konsumen terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan oleh maskapai penerbangan di Indonesia sangat berpengaruh terhadap seberapa besar tingkat kualitas pelayanan dari sebuah maskapai penerbangan. Berbagai pelayanan yang mempengaruhi, kepuasan konsumen adalah keramahan seluruh awak kabin, fasilitas fisik yang ada, tarif penerbangan, ketepatan waktu keberangkatan kemudahan akses dan juga keselamatan penerbangan. Berdasarkan jajak pendapat dari 2.674 orang responden mengenai apa yang diinginkan dari sebuah maskapai penerbangan didapatkan hasil sebanyak 9,6% menginginkan pelayanan ramah dari awak kabin, 16,9% penerbangan yang tepat waktu, armada yang baru 18,3%, 55,2% tarif yang murah (Indopos. 2015). Maskapai penerbangan di Indonesia sering mengalami keterlambatan waktu pada saat akan terbang atau dengan kata lain sering mengalami delay. Salah satu maskapai penerbangan di Indonesia yang sering mengalami keterlambatan dalam pemberangkatan pesawat adalah penerbangan low cost carriers. Secara garis besar tujuan penelitian ini adalah : menguji pengaruh service quality, customer satisfaction, brand trust terhadap costumer commitment serta dampaknya kepada customer loyalty pada penerbangan domestik maskapai low cost carrier di Bandara Internasional Ngurah Rai, Bali. Dengan unit observasi sebanyak 250 responden yang terdiri dari beberapa kriteria responden. Metode penelitian adalah explanatory survey. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan total indirect effect paling tinggi adalah pengaruh service quality terhadap customer loyalty dengan nilai t value sebesar 4,074, selanjutnya service quality terhadap customer commitment dengan nilai t value sebesar 3,243 di ikuti dengan sisa variabel lainnya. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa service quality merupakan variabel yang mendominasi pada hasil penelitian yang dilakukan. Semakin baik service quality yang diberikan maskapai kepada penumpang maka akan meninggkatkan komitmen penumpang dan selanjutnya akan menggiring penumapng untuk semakin loyal kepada maskapai.