Analytical Study of the Process of Dissolution of Silicon from a Modifier Particle

The process of dissolution of a particle of a ferrosilicon modifier in a cast iron melt is considered, taking into account such a physical analogy as the distribution of heat from a point source in space (an infinite body).

Micropolar fluid between two coaxial cylinders (numerical approach)

The paper describes the flow of a suspension which is a mixture of two phases: liquid and solid granules. The continuum model with microstructure is introduced, which involves two independent kinematic quantities: the velocity vector and the micro-rotation vector. The physical analogy is based on the movement of the suspension between two coaxial cylinders. The inner cylinder is stationary and the outer one rotates with constant angular velocity. This physical analogy enabled a mathematical model in a form of two coupled differential equations with variable coefficients. The aim of the paper is to present the numerical aspect of the solution for this complex mathematical model. It is assumed that the solid granules are identically oriented and that under the influence of the fluid they move translationally or rotate around the symmetry axis but the direction of their symmetry axes does not change. The solution was obtained by the ordinary finite difference method, and then the corresponding sets of points (nodes) were routed by interpolation graphics.

Capillary force on an 'inert' colloid: a physical analogy to dielectrophoresis

''Inert'' colloids are μm-scale particles that create no distortion when trapped at a planar fluid-fluid interface. When placed in a curved interface, however, such colloids can create interfacial distortions of...

DAM BREAK WAVE, TIDAL BORE, IN-RIVER TSUNAMI SURGE: WHAT THE HELL?

Flood waves resulting from dam breaks have been responsible for numerous losses of life through centuries. Both the 26 December 2004 tsunami and 11 March 2011 Tohoku catastrophes were human tragedies of international significance. An important point is the physical analogy between dam break waves travelling downstream, tidal bores progressing deep inland, in-river tsunami propagating upstream, as well rejection surges in hydropower canals. The leading edge is a hydrodynamic shock, with a marked discontinuity in free-surface elevation and velocity and pressure fields, and a tri-phase flow with three distinct flowing phases, i.e. liquid (water), solid (sediment) and gas (air). Seminal features of bores and surges include a net mass flux, the breaking in shallow waters, and the intense turbulence at the front associated with massive sedimentary processes and air entrainment in the breaking roller. In this keynote talk, physical experiments, numerical CFD modelling and field observations are presented and compared. Current knowledge gaps are discussed. Ultimately it is argued that the 'solitary wave' analogy is not directly relevant to model the unsteady turbulent mixing of in-river tsunami surges, tidal bores and dam break waves.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/SQaPoSj2lP4

Re-observing the NLS1 galaxy RE J1034+396 – II. New insights on the soft X-ray excess, QPO, and the analogy with GRS 1915+105

ABSTRACT The active galactic nucleus (AGN) RE J1034+396 displays the most significant X-ray quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) detected so far. We perform a detailed spectral-timing analysis of our recent simultaneous XMM–Newton, NuSTAR, and Swift observations. We present the energy dependence of the QPO’s frequency, rms, coherence, and phase lag, and model them together with the time-averaged spectra. Our study shows that four components are required to fit all the spectra. These components include an inner disc component (diskbb), two warm corona components (CompTT-1 and CompTT-2), and a hot corona component (nthComp). We find that diskbb, CompTT-2 (the hotter but less luminous component), and nthComp all contain the QPO signal, while CompTT-1 only exhibits stochastic variability. By fitting the lag spectrum, we find that the QPO in diskbb leads CompTT-2 by 679 s, and CompTT-2 leads nthComp by 180 s. By only varying the normalizations, these components can also produce good fits to the time-averaged and variability spectra obtained from previous observations when QPOs were present and absent. Our multiwavelength study shows that the detectability of the QPO does not depend on the contemporaneous mass accretion rate. We do not detect a significant Iron K α emission line, or any significant reflection hump. Finally, we show that the rms and lag spectra in the latest observation are very similar to the 67-Hz QPO observed in the micro-quasar GRS 1915+105. These new results support the physical analogy between these two sources. We speculate that the QPO in both sources is due to the expansion/contraction of the vertical structure in the inner disc.

MODELING OF THERMAL PROCESSES IN THE «WORKPIECE — CUTTING INSERT— TOOL HOLDER» SYSTEM BY THERMOELECTRIC ANALOGIES METHOD

The approach of electrothermo analogy for the analysis of thermal processes is considered. This approach is obviously justified, since it is based on a deep physical analogy of the processes of heat propagation and electric current in various media. The study aims to analyze the distribution of heat fluxes in the system «workpiece — cutting insert — tool holder» (W–CI–TH), taking into account external and internal cooling. We present the set of parameters of the system (W–CI–TH), which gives grounds to consider them as elements of the block diagram of the control system for the thermodynamic mode of turning materials of any physical and mechanical properties, which is the subject of independent researches.

Phase separation in soft matter: the concept of dynamic asymmetry

In this article, we review the basic physics of viscoelastic phase separation including fracture phase separation. We show that with an increase in the ratio of the deformation rate of phase separation to the slowest mechanical relaxation rate the type of phase separation changes from fluid phase separation, to viscoelastic phase separation, to fracture phase separation. We point out that there is a physical analogy of this to the transition of the mechanical fracture behaviour of materials under shear from liquid-type, to ductile, to brittle fracture. This allows us to discuss phase separation and shear-induced instability of disordered materials including soft matter, on the same physical ground. Finally it should be noted that what we are going to describe in this article has not necessarily been firmly established and there still remain many open problems to be studied in the future.