IMAGE SHAPE COMPARISON IN MOSAIC DIFFUSION MORPHOLOGIES

In this paper, developing the early proposed unified approach to the representation of morphological models, we show that since morphological models in the attribute representation have the same mathematical form as images, the morphological models themselves can be the subject of morphological analysis and can be directly compared in form with using morphological operators. In this case, the previously introduced formalism of mosaic diffusion morphology is used.In the framework of mosaic diffusion morphology, two alternative descriptions of the projection of the image on the form are considered, which are based on a clear model and a fuzzy model of the form respectively. It is shown that the projection operator in the second case is a one-sorted diffuse operator that makes direct comparision of model to model instead of image to model. In this case, a fuzzy mosaic model appears in this scheme as a projection of a clear mosaic model onto another clear mosaic model. Based on this shape-to-shape projection idea, we propose the new version of Pytiev morphology tools for shape comparison: the morphological shape difference map, the morphological quasi-distance between shapes, as well as the Morphological Shape Correlation Coefficient (MSCC). We show that MSCC from the resource parameters of the reciprocal model has exactly the same formula as the standard effective morphological correlation coefficient proposed earlier based on statistical averaging of projected images.

Comparison of statistical properties for various morphological filters based on mosaic image shape models

We consider the statistical properties of different mosaic filters. We demonstrate that in Pitiev's morphology, the measure of shape complexity is directly related to the shape simplicity measure based on morphological correlation coefficient (MCC). Based on MCC, we introduce the normalized morphological simplification index (NMSI). Using NMSI, we show that the simpler the mosaic shape, the more shape simplification is provided by the corresponding Pyt'ev projector. For the examples of mean and median mosaic filters, we address the problem of different operator comparison. In this context we introduce the concept of statistically simplifying morphological operators. Morphological correlation of mosaic shape and diffusion mosaic operator is considered. We prove that the NMSI for the diffusion mosaic operator is not related to the complexity for the corresponding diffusion shape kernel. Thus, a principal qualitative difference in the relationship between relational and operator models for diffuse and projective mosaic linear filters is demonstrated.

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Detection from Microscopic Images Using Weighted Ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks

Although automated Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) detection is essential, it is challenging due to the morphological correlation between malignant and normal cells. The traditional ALL classification strategy is arduous, time-consuming, often suffers inter-observer variations, and necessitates experienced pathologists. This article has automated the ALL detection task, employing deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). We explore the weighted ensemble of deep CNNs to recommend a better ALL cell classifier. The weights are estimated from ensemble candidates' corresponding metrics, such as accuracy, F1-score, AUC, and kappa values. Various data augmentations and pre-processing are incorporated for achieving a better generalization of the network. We train and evaluate the proposed model utilizing the publicly available C-NMC-2019 ALL dataset. Our proposed weighted ensemble model has outputted a weighted F1-score of 88.6%, a balanced accuracy of 86.2%, and an AUC of 0.941 in the preliminary test set. The qualitative results displaying the gradient class activation maps confirm that the introduced model has a concentrated learned region. In contrast, the ensemble candidate models, such as Xception, VGG-16, DenseNet-121, MobileNet, and InceptionResNet-V2, separately produce coarse and scatter learned areas for most example cases. Since the proposed ensemble yields a better result for the aimed task, it can experiment in other domains of medical diagnostic applications.

IMAGE AND SHAPE COMPARISON VIA MORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATION

A lot of image matching applications require image comparison to be invariant relative to intensity values variations. The Pyt’ev theory for Morphological Image Analysis (MIA) was developed based on image-to-shape matching with mosaic shape models. Within the framework of this theory, the problem of shape-to-shape comparison was previously considered too. The most sophisticated and weakest part of MIA theory is the comparison of mosaic shapes with some arbitrary restrictions described by graphs or relations. In this paper we consider the possible options for comparing images and shapes using morphological projection and morphological correlation. Our contribution is a new scheme of morphological shape-to-image projection and, correspondingly, the new morphological correlation coefficient (MCC) for shape-to-image correlation with restricted mosaic models. We also refine the expressions for shape-to-shape comparison.

CLINICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATION DEPENDENCIES AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE IN PATIENTS WITH COMPLICATIONS OF LABORED ERUPTION OF THE LOWER THIRD MOLARS

The aim is to determine the clinical and morphological dependencies, which are important for diagnostics, treatment and prediction of outcomes of pathological processes in the region of the LTM with complicated eruption, as based on the study of histopathological changes of paradental tissue (mucous membrane, walls of retromolar pocket, alveolar bone tissue). Materials and methods: The materials of the study were 34 biopsy specimens of pathologically altered soft tissue and parodontium obtained as a result of pericoronectomy, extraction of the LTM and other surgical interferences performed based on the relevant indications in 28 patients in the region of the LTM with complicated eruption. Morphological and statistical research methods were used. Results: The local pathological processes, which chronologically precede the destructive changes in the hard tissue of a tooth (caries), are developed in patients of both genders with complicated LTM eruption in soft tissue of parodontium and the adjacent bone tissue of the alveolar wall in the majority of cases. As per biopsy examinations, the frequency of the main pathological processes in paradental tissue in case of complicated LTM eruption varies from 25 to 60 % of the number of biopsy specimens and occurs in various combinations in patients with different values of clinical parameters. The correlation relationships between the patients’ clinical data and the morphological parameters of damage to paradental tissue are weak, multidirectional and uncertain in the majority of combinations (considering the available number of biopsy specimens studied). The close certain positive dependence between the damage of the squamous epithelium and the inflammation activity in the lamina propria mucosae, covering the tooth: in the vast majority of cases, the presence of damaged epithelium (within the biopsy specimen) is associated with the inflammation of high activity, was established as based on correlation relationships between the morphological parameters of damage to paradental tissue. Conclusions: The found pathological changes and the correlations justify surgical tactics on paradental soft and osseous tissues that are directed on the LTM sparing.

MORPHOLOGICAL CORRELATION OPTIONS AND BIOLOGICAL GENDER IN OWN NAMES OF PERSONS

The article discusses the options for correlation of the morphological genus of personal names of individuals and biological sex. The subject of the review is the full proper names of the persons, as well as their formal word-formation modifications used in colloquial speech. The aim of the study is to identify types of correlation of the morphological genus and biological sex of personal names of individuals, as well as their derivative derivatives. As a result of the analysis, the following features were identified: in the main part of both male and female proper names, the morphological gender is consistently correlated with the biological sex, however, the vast majority of modification derivatives (the so-called “diminutive”) male names lose this type of correlation : there is a substitution of the formal indicators of the male morphological gender for the female. Similar “diminutive” lexical-semantic derivatives of female personal names, as a rule, also lose the consistent ratio of gender and gender.

Molecular environments of the supernova remnant G359.1−0.5

ABSTRACT We report new CO observations and a detailed molecular-line study of the mixed morphology supernova remnant G359.1−0.5, which contains six OH (1720 MHz) masers along the radio shell, indicative of shock-cloud interaction. Observations of 12CO and 13CO J:1–0 lines were performed in a ∼38 × 38 arcmin area with the on-the-fly technique using the Kit Peak 12 Meter telescope. The molecular study has revealed the existence of a few clumps with densities ∼103 cm−3 compatible in velocity and position with the OH (1720 MHz) masers. These clumps, in turn, appear to be part of a larger, elongated molecular structure ∼34 arcmin long extending between −12.48 and +1.83 km s−1, adjacent to the western edge of the radio shell. According to the densities and relative position with respect to the masers, we conclude that the CO clouds depict unshocked gas, as observed in other remnants with OH (1720 MHz) masers. In addition, we investigated the distribution of the molecular gas towards the adjacent γ-ray source HESS J1745-303 (Aharonian et al. 2006) but could not find any morphological correlation between the γ-rays and the CO emission at any velocity in this region.