Energy Balance of WWTP Using LCA Analysis

In connection with the optimization of operation at the selected Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), it is important to perform an energy audit with an assessment of the use of electricity and the subsequent economic optimization of the equipment of the WWTP. We can perform the energy balance through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis in relation to EN ISO 140 40 [1].The aim of this study case is the analysis of the energy balance of WWTP. The appraisal was performed on three different interpretation variants of specific electricity consumption. The conclusion is a comparison of variants of quantification of specific electricity consumption.

Reducing the discrepancy between regional specific electricity consumption as a way to increase the structural stability of the Russian economy

In 2010-2020 the dynamics and absolute values of regional per capita electric power consumption (EPC) in the European part of Russia was comparable with similar indicators in Western European countries, and in the Asian part - with the countries of Northern Europe, the USA and Canada. If all over the world there is a reduction in the differentiation in energy consumption between developing and developed countries, then in Russia in 1990-2012 this indicator increased, which reflects the ongoing decline in the structural stability of the domestic economy. The change in this negative trend in 2012-20018 shown on the tools of the theory of technocenoses. The need to concentrate efforts not on the growth of the EPC in regions with developed production and primary redistribution of natural resources, but on reducing the divergence of regions in terms of the value of the EPC is substantiated. In regions with low EPC, the problem is not a shortage of electricity, but the weak development of industrial and agricultural production.

Development of energy characteristics of electric drives of technological equipment and normalization of electric consumption of fat-and-oil enterprise

The article covers the development of energy characteristics of electric drives of technological equipment and normalization of electric consumption of fat-and-oil enterprise. The results of experimental research of energy characteristics of the consumed power P and specific electricity consumption d depending on hourly productivity A on the widely used oil-extracting units of MPSH types at “EVROSNAR” LLC enterprise are given. Nomenclature that fully covers the production processes and corresponds to the currently accepted indicators of accounting and control under the conditions of in-factory economic accounting and a nomogram for determining the specific consumption of electricity per ton of seeds and oils in general for manufacturing is proposed.

Time series analysis of refining conditions and estimated pulp properties in a chemi-thermomechanical pulp process

Frequently sampled process data from a conical disc refiner and infrequently sampled pulp data from a full scale chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP) mill were evaluated to study autocovariance with aspects of potential dynamic modelling applicability. Two trial measurements with an online pulp analyzer at decreased sampling intervals were performed. For variability analysis, time-series containing up to one day of operational data were used. At the chip refiner, the clearest significant autocovariance was identified for the specific electricity consumption, based on the longer sequences. Most of the estimated pulp properties indicated low or non-significant autocovariance, limiting applicability of a specific dynamic model. A mill trial was conducted to investigate the impact from an increase in the conical disc gap on the specific electricity consumption and the resulting freeness. The response time from the gap change in the refiner to measured change in freeness was estimated at 19 min, which was approximately the hydraulic residence time in the latency chest. The relevance of this study lies in applicability of mill-data-driven modelling to capture the dynamics of a specific refining process. Through mill trials the sampling speed of pulp properties was more than doubled to gain insights into short term systematic variations by applying time-series-analysis.

Analytical Treatment of Forecasts of Electric Energy Consumption in Latvia

In the paper, the changes in electric energy consumption are analyzed as associated with structural changes in the Latvian economy of postsocialistic period. To the analysis, a particular approach is applied, which consists in comparison of the basic and specific electricity consumption indices in West-, Central-, and East-European states for the time span of 1990-2010, with differences and tendencies of changes revealed. Tendencies of the type are determined for the electric energy consumption in Latvia, and recommendations are given for the use of such indices in the relevant forecasts.