Young bilateral supernova remnants evolving into a turbulent interstellar magnetic field

ABSTRACT We employ 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations to study the morphology and synchrotron emission of young supernova remnants evolving in a turbulent interstellar magnetic field, seeking to shed new light on to the polarization structure of the emission and on the debate concerning the quasi-parallel and quasi-perpendicular acceleration mechanisms. In the simulations, we consider a non-homogeneous interstellar medium magnetic field by introducing small random perturbations in the direction and intensity of the field. In order to analyse the dependence of the radio morphology on the degree of magnetic field perturbation and the observer’s point of view, we compute synthetic maps of the polarized intensity, position-angle, polarization fraction, and the polar-reference angle. By comparing the distribution of this angle to the polarization intensity, we show that it is possible to identify what type of acceleration mechanism is taking place at the main shock front.

Peierls’ substitution via minimal coupling and magnetic pseudo-differential calculus

We revisit the celebrated Peierls–Onsager substitution for weak magnetic fields with no spatial decay conditions. We assume that the non-magnetic [Formula: see text]-periodic Hamiltonian has an isolated spectral band whose Riesz projection has a range which admits a basis generated by [Formula: see text] exponentially localized composite Wannier functions. Then we show that the effective magnetic band Hamiltonian is unitarily equivalent to a Hofstadter-like magnetic matrix living in [Formula: see text]. In addition, if the magnetic field perturbation is slowly variable in space, then the perturbed spectral island is close (in the Hausdorff distance) to the spectrum of a Weyl quantized minimally coupled symbol. This symbol only depends on [Formula: see text] and is [Formula: see text]-periodic; if [Formula: see text], the symbol equals the Bloch eigenvalue itself. In particular, this rigorously formulates a result from 1951 by J. M. Luttinger.

Comparison of Inspecting Non-Ferromagnetic and Ferromagnetic Metals Using Velocity Induced Eddy Current Probe

A velocity induced eddy current probe has been used to detect cracks in both non-ferromagnetic and ferromagnetic metals. The simulation and experimental results show that this probe can successfully detect cracks in both cases, but further investigation shows that the underlying principles for inspecting non-ferromagnetic and ferromagnetic metals are actually different. For an aluminum plate, the induced eddy current density and the signal amplitude both increase with probe speed, which means the signal is caused by velocity induced eddy currents. For a steel plate, probe speed changes the baselines of the testing signals; however, it has little influence on signal amplitudes. Simulation results show that the signal for cracks in a steel plate is mainly caused by direct magnetic field perturbation rather than velocity induced eddy currents.