The ``attack-defense'' game with restrictions on the intake capacity of points

Работа обобщает игру «нападение-оборона» Ю.Б.Гермейера в части учета пропускной способности пунктов и основана на его обобщенном принципе уравнивания, что приводит в случае однородности ресурсов сторон к выпуклым минимаксным задачам, которые могут быть решены методом субградиентного спуска. Классическая модель «нападение-оборона» Ю.Б.Гермейера является модификацией модели О.Гросса. В работе В.Ф. Огарышева исследована игровая модель, обобщающая модели Гросса и Гермейера. В работе Д.А. Молодцова изучалась модель Гросса с непротивоположными интересами сторон, в работах Т.Н.Данильченко, К.К. Масевич и Б.П.Крутова - динамические расширения модели. В военных моделях пункты интерпретируются обычно как направления и характеризуют пространственное распределение ресурсов защиты по ширине. Однако реально имеют место также ограничения по пропускной способности пунктов (направлений). Это приводит в случае однородных ресурсов к минимаксным задачам для определения гарантированного результата (НГР) обороны. Получена точная верхняя оценка для НГР обороны, которая показывает потенциальные возможности обороны с учетом пропускной способности пунктов (направлений). The work generalizes the Germeier’s "attack-defense" game in terms of accounting for the intake capacity of points and is based on his generalized equalization principle, which leads to convex minimax problems that can be solved by subgradient descent in the case of homogeneity of the parties' resources. The classical Germeier’s "attack-defense" model is a modification of the Gross’ model. The game model that generalizes Gross’ model and Germeier’s model was studied by Ogaryshev. Molodtsov studied the Gross’s model with nonantagonistic interests of the parties; Danilchenko, Masevich and Krutova studied the dynamic extensions of the model. In the military models the points are usually interpreted as directions and characterize the spatial distribution of defense resources by width. However, there are also actual restrictions on the intake capacity of points. This leads, in the case of homogeneous resources, to minimax problems for determining the best guaranteed defense result (BGDR). An accurate upper estimate for the best guaranteed defense result was obtained, which shows the potential defense capabilities taking into account the intake capacity of points.

Perceived Consumption Values, Satisfaction and Loyalty in the Tourism: Case of Malaysia

Domestic tourism is a substitute for outbound travel has a potential to create income and employment in the home economy. These potentials also create opportunities through the linkage at destinations. This study extent the concept and evaluates the empirical evidence of the relationship between perceived consumption values toward tourism loyalty. Drawn from revised framework of the Sheth-Newman Gross Model of Consumption Values and the European Consumer Satisfaction Index (ECSI), we examine the relationship of perceived consumption values, tourist satisfaction and tourist loyalty. Data obtained from 255 tourists visited the state of Malacca, Malaysia. The results indicated that tourist loyalty is affected by perceived consumption values and fully mediated by tourist satisfaction. The findings provide valuable insights to the policy makers, industries and academics in developing strategies and exploring possible factors to consider in tourism sector and thus, boost the national economy. As for policy makers, this study can be seen as exploitation to increase the influx of international tourists by implementing policies or improving tourist spots.

A Robust Framework for Adaptive Multiscale Modeling of Biopolymers Using Highly Parallelizable Methods

For many biopolymers (RNA, DNA, enzymes and proteins) the nature of the molecules interaction within the cell has been determined to be highly a function of its conformational structure. Understanding how to influence and control this structure thus is of critical importance if one wishes to manipulate the intercellular processes of which these biopolymers play such a central role. In molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, a fully atomistic model represents the system at the finest scale and as such captures all the dynamics of the system. If the simulation is permitted to run sufficiently long important emergent behaviors can develop and show themselves. Such MD simulations represent a direct applications of Newton’s Laws of Motion to the individual atoms in the system, and are conceptually the easiest to implement. An advantage of this procedure is that the simulation yields important information not only about the intermediate states and the mechanisms which produced them, but also provides the rates at which these processes occur. These intermediate conformational states have repeatedly been implicated in many known biological function [1], [2]. Unfortunately, this albeit correct, but naive approach quickly leads to intractable models and prohibitive computational expense when applied to systems involving many atoms. As a result, researcher often grossly over simplify the system move to non-deterministic methods such as Monte Carlo, which effectively remove dynamics from the system, or use undesirably gross model simplification. Because of these forward dynamics performance difficulties, potentially important mechanisms governing biopolymer structure have not been adequately explored and/or identified. The methods and algorithms described in this paper are intended to extend the capabilities of the simulation techniques for such systems so that the forward dynamics can better predict the non-equilibrium behavior of these systems, thus complementing Monte Carlo, while retaining much useful intermediate process and temporal information.