Hidden Incomes of Russian Households: Who Do They Have?

The article presents quantitative characteristics of the prevalence and volumes of hidden household incomes. An econometric estimate of the prevalence of hidden incomes was carried out on the panel data of the “Russian Monitoring of the Economic Situation and Health of the Population of the Higher School of Economics” (periods from 2000 to 2017), the size of the hidden income component was obtained on the basis of the Pissarides-Weber model. Estimates of the share of hidden income households and an estimate of the share of hidden incomes revealed two different trends: their predominant distribution among residents of villages and urban-type settlements and the larger size of these incomes among households of regional centers.

Governance through political bureaucracy: an agency approach

PurposeSmart governance ultimately relates to the ability of political administrations to elicit trust and public confidence. Political administrations normally generate rational policies that arise from their context-sensitive goals. The capability of an administration to develop and implement policies is measured as efficacy, which can influence the value and stability of an administration. However, policy development and implementation is not only an attribute of a political administration but also of its bureaucracy. The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of bureaucracies, representing them as complex and dynamic.Design/methodology/approachA traditional blueprint model of a bureaucracy comes from Weber, seen to be a servicing body for the implementation of political policy decisions resulting from a process of governance. An alternative model arises from the fictional works of Kafka, which is underpinned by a firm conceptual basis of a bureaucracy that confronts that of Weber. Agency theory will be used to model bureaucracies, and comparisons will be made between the Weber and Kafka conceptualisation.FindingsThere are broad models of a bureaucracy that arise from different propositions such as a Weber and a Kafka model, the latter being more representative of administrations. Any attempts to measure comparative efficacy across political systems or administrations may well lead to failure due to the distinctions in the nature of the bureaucracies that they maintain. The paper argues that the Weber model is an unattainable boundary representation of a bureaucracy. In contrast, Kafka’s more pragmatic conceptualisation can be modelled as a pathological autonomous system that is both complex and adaptive. Such pathologies can be harmful to the implementation of socially improving policies.Practical implicationsThe paper shows that even where a political administration has policy initiatives that can improve society, these can be corrupted and misdirected by its bureaucracy, mistakenly believed (by the administration) to be dedicated to the service of the administration, rather than the bureaucracy’s own self-interests.Originality/valueNo other approach has been able to graphically represent the relative natures of different bureaucracies, or their pathologies.

Computational investigation of structure, dynamics and nucleation kinetics of a family of modified Stillinger–Weber model fluids in bulk and free-standing thin films

Critical nuclei for bulk homogeneous nucleation at ζ = 0.845 for different values of λ.

Research of Urban Digital Planning Model Based on GIS

GIS digital urban planning concept and its role in urban digital planning were proposed according to the request of GIS in urban digital planning. Corresponding digital model was established according to the service function of GIS in urban digital planning. Furthermore, coordination mechanism model of public taking part in the conflict and concept of multi-element Weber model involved in urban planning were introduced. For those foundations, application of GIS in management f urban digital planning and urban space planning were discussed. The methods above indicated that GIS technology might play a vital role in urban digital planning.