Secret and safe: The underlife of concealed objects from the Royal Derwent Hospital, New Norfolk, Tasmania

This paper focuses on a collection of objects deliberately concealed beneath the verandah of a ward for middle-class, female, paying patients at Australia’s longest continuously operating mental health institution, the Royal Derwent Hospital in Tasmania. Cached in small discrete mounds across an area of some 50 square metres, the collection was probably concealed in the mid-20th century and contains over 1000 items of clothing, ephemera and other objects dating from 1880 to the mid-1940s. In achieving a possessional territory of such magnitude, this patient achieved a level of personal self-expression that is rarely encountered archaeologically, particularly within an institutional context. Analysis of this collection as an ‘underlife’ illuminates both functional aspects of the hospital and the hopes and desires of this particular, though still anonymous, patient and her vibrant world of things.

Medicalization of Suicide as an Antipsychiatry Problem

Suicidal behavior in the modern scientific world is considered from the perspective of different disciplines (sociology, anthropology, philosophy, etc.), but psychiatry stands out in this list, because it can directly impact the suicider. Antipsychiatry, considered as a space of problematization and criticism of psychiatry, concerns both the foundation of psychiatry and individual situations related to the implementation by psychiatrists of their functions. This is why the phenomenon of suicide attracts the attention of one of the prominent representatives of the American anti-psychiatrist movement – T. Szasz. The key point in suicide analysis for Т. Szasz is that suicide is considered as a phenomenon closely associated with mental disease, thus, it is medicalized. In this case, it becomes much more important, why suicide as a phenomenon turns into an object of study of psychiatry. Т. Szasz refers to this transformation as a transition from a sin-and-crime to an illness-as-excuse. He fairly points out that the emergence of an explanatory suicide model within the framework of psychiatry made it possible for suiciders to change their category from those accused and rejected from Christian burial and rights of inheritance to those affected by a disease, and requiring medical treatment. Besides, Т. Szasz emphasizes the situation, in which suiciders find themselves in a mental health institution. The main feature of this situation is restriction of personal freedom and the ability to have a life worth living.

EFEKTIVITAS GROUP BEHAVIOR THERAPY TERHADAP CONVERSATIONAL SKILL PADA PASIEN SKIZOFRENIA TIPE RESIDUAL (STUDI KASUS PADA INSTANSI X)

<p><em>Schizophrenia residual type is one of schizophrenia types which is the symptoms of schizophrenia are no longer appears significantly. The schizophrenia patients are need to be prepared before they complete their treatment in a mental health institution and back into society. A skill that is needed by schizophrenia residual type is conversational skills. However, some of schizophrenia patients are encountering problems in learning the conversational skills. The aim of this research is to study the effectiveness of group behavior therapy into the conversational skills of schizophrenia residual type patients. The technique used in the therapy is modeling and shaping. Statistical test with significance p = 0,002 &lt; 0,01 shows that group behavior therapy can improve conversational skills in schizophrenia residual type patients. However, there are some limitations in the study so further study is needed.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><strong><em>Keywords</em>: </strong><em>schizophrenia residual type</em>; <em>conversational skill; group behavior therapy</em>

Mensen met een roeping: een zegen of een zorg in de hulpverlening?

Workers with a calling: Blessed or in need in our care system? Workers with a calling: Blessed or in need in our care system? People who feel they have a calling find their work meaningful. A calling leads to a heightened motivation for work and could therefore be related to less emotional exhaustion. The related concept of spirituality might also have an inverse relation with exhaustion. Calling might also moderate the relation between emotional demands and exhaustion.We investigated these relationships in 235 employees working in a mental health institution. Spirituality overlapped only marginally with calling. There was a positive relationship between emotional demands and emotional exhaustion, and a negative relationship between calling and emotional exhaustion. Calling explained four percent of the variance in emotional exhaustion, but did not moderate the relation between emotional demands and emotional exhaustion. One aspect of spirituality, connectedness with the self, was also negatively related to emotional exhaustion. Persons with a calling are not protected in any special way from emotional demands, but suffer less from emotional exhaustion.