Precommitment, Cash Transfers, and Timely Arrival for Birth: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Nairobi Kenya

Maternal and neonatal mortality rates in the slums of Nairobi, Kenya are among the highest in the world. Mounting evidence suggests that delivering in a facility is not enough to ensure mortality reductions: women must deliver in high-quality facilities and arrive early enough for appropriate care if complications arise. We designed an RCT combining labeled cash transfers and pre-commitment incentives to encourage earlier and more effective delivery facility choice and to promote earlier facility arrival. We find that the intervention improves planning, increases delivery at the desired facility, and encourages more timely arrival at delivery facilities.

Influence of Elevator Moving Pattern on the Contaminant Exclusion for an LCD Panel Delivery Facility

Because of the increasing panel size, the difficulty on delivering the glass substrate has been enhanced dramatically and become a critical problem in the LCD manufacturing industry. Nowadays, most of panel fabrication factory utilize the fully-automated delivering technology instead of the traditional labor delivery for diminishing the possibility of polluted particles on the LCD board. Thus, this study investigates the flow patterns on maintaining the air quality inside the delivering facility with a moving elevator. Also, influence on the moving pattern of the elevator via numerical technique is the focus of this investigation. Firstly, CFD code Fluent is used to execute the CFD simulation and evaluate the flow patterns inside this delivery equipment. It is found that the inferior air is generated mainly by the increasing vortex inside the delivery equipment for an upward-moving elevator. On the contrary, the flow field becomes very smooth without obvious vortex phenomenon, and thus induces a better air quality when the elevator moves downward. However, a better uniform flow field occurred when the elevator is moving upward. In addition, the airflow uniformity is not effectively improved by reducing the elevator velocity and increasing the FFU airflow velocity. It is not evident for improving the pollute exclusion by reducing elevator moving velocity which slows down the transporting efficiency, so it is suggested that the moving speed of elevator should maintain at 0.16m/s. On another way, it is useful to enhance the capability of pollute exclusion by increasing the FFU’s air velocity, thus it is proposed to raise FFU velocity to 0.71m/s. Consequently, it is concluded that the moving pattern of elevator has an essential impact and can be utilized to improve the air quality inside the LCD delivery facility.