Mindful Kangaroo Care: mindfulness intervention for mothers during skin-to-skin care: a randomized control pilot study

Background Parents of babies admitted to the Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) undergo considerable stress. There is evidence that mindfulness reduces stress in these parents. Kangaroo Care (KC) is practiced in NICUs across the world and is stress-relieving. Whether mindfulness practiced during KC in the NICU reduces parental distress has not yet been studied. The objective was to explore the feasibility and acceptability of teaching and practicing mindfulness during KC for mothers of premature babies. The objective was also to document preliminary outcomes of Mindful Kangaroo Care (MKC) on maternal stress, anxiety, depression, and mindful awareness. Methods In this pilot randomized controlled study, mothers of premature babies who were expected to stay in the NICU for at least four weeks were taught two mindfulness exercises to practice during KC and compared to mothers who received standard care with no mindfulness teaching. Mothers filled out stress, anxiety, depression and mindful awareness scales at recruitment and after four weeks. Acceptability and feasibility questionnaires were also completed. Results Fifteen mothers per group completed the study. The MKC group demonstrated a significant within-group reduction in anxiety (p = 0.003), depression (p = 0.02) and stress (p = 0.002), and a significant increase in both the curiosity (p = 0.008) and decentering (p = 0.01) scores of the Toronto Mindfulness Scale, all of which had medium to large effect sizes. Only the increases in curiosity and decentering were significant between groups. Fourteen mothers found the intervention acceptable, one neutral. Conclusion MKC was acceptable, feasible and led to a reduction in stress, anxiety and depression in mothers who practiced mindfulness exercises during KC.

Effects of Kangaroo Mother Care in the NICU on the Physiological Stress Parameters of Premature Infants: A Meta-Analysis of RCTs

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the randomised controlled trials that explored the effect of kangaroo mother care on physiological stress parameters of premature infants. Methods: Two independent researchers performed a systematic review of indexed studies in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane and Scopus. We included data from randomized controlled trials measuring the effects of kangaroo care compared to standard incubator care on physiological stress outcomes, defined as oxygen saturation, body temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate. The PRISMA model was used to conduct data extraction. We performed a narrative synthesis of all studies and a meta-analysis when data were available from multiple studies that compared the same physiological parameters with the kangaroo method as an intervention and controls and used the same outcome measures. Results: Twelve studies were eligible for inclusion in this meta-analysis. According to statistical analysis, the mean respiratory rate of preterm infants receiving KMC was lower than that of infants receiving standard incubator care (MD, −3.50; 95% CI, −5.17 to −1.83; p < 0.00001). Infants who received kangaroo mother care had a higher mean heart rate, oxygen saturation and temperature, although these results were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that kangaroo care in the neonatal intensive care unit setting is a safe method that may have a significant effect on some of the physiological parameters of stress in preterm infants. However, due to clinical heterogeneity, further studies are needed to assess the effects of physiological stress in the neonatal intensive care unit on the development of preterm infants.

Lateral Kangaroo Care in Hemodynamic Stability of Extremely Preterm Infants: Protocol Study for a Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial CANGULAT

Introduction: This study aims to assess the efficacy of the modified kangaroo care lateral position on the thermal stability of preterm neonates versus conventional kangaroo care prone position. Material and methods: A non-inferiority randomized parallel clinical trial. Kangaroo care will be performed in a lateral position for the experimental group and in a prone position for the control group preterm. The study will take place at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a University Hospital. The participants will be extremely premature infants (under 28 weeks of gestational age) along the first five days of life, hemodynamically stable, with mother or father willing to do kangaroo care and give their written consent to participate in the study. The sample size calculated was 35 participants in each group. When the premature infant is hemodynamically stable and one of the parents stays in the NICU, the patient will be randomized into two groups: an experimental group or a control group. The primary outcome is premature infant axillary temperature. Neonatal pain level and intraventricular hemorrhage are secondary outcomes. Discussion: There is no scientific evidence on modified kangaroo care lateral position. Furthermore, there is little evidence of increased intraventricular hemorrhage association with the lateral head position necessary in conventional or prone kangaroo care in extremely premature newborns. Kangaroo care is a priority intervention in neonatal units increasing the time of use more and more, making postural changes necessary to optimize comfort and minimize risks with kangaroo care lateral position as an alternative to conventional prone position kangaroo care. Meanwhile, it is essential to ensure that the conventional kangaroo care prone position, which requires the head to lay sideways, is a safe position in terms of preventing intraventricular hemorrhage in the first five days of life of children under 28 weeks of gestational age. Trial registration at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03990116.

Pengaruh Metode Kanguru terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan Pada Bayi BBLR

ABSTRAK Kelahiran bayi prematur merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbesar saat ini. Tindakan perawatan bayi lahir dilakukan dengan menghangatkan tubuh bayi, secara konvensional menggunakan inkubator namun, teknologi inkubator relatif mahal. Perawatan Metode Kanguru (PMK) merupakan salah satu teknik perawatan yang efektif bagi bayi prematur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode kanguru terhadap peningkatan berat badan pada bayi BBLR di RSUD Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest posttest dengan sampel sebanyak 16 responden, pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposif sampling. Hasil didapatkan rata-rata berat badan bayi sebelum perawatan metode kanguru adalah 1718,88 gram, dan setelah dilakukan perawatan metode kanguru rata-rata berat badan bayi meningkat menjadi 1844,38 gram, dengan peningkatan berat badan sebanyak 125,5 gram dimana p value = 0.000 (α< 0.05 ). Terdapat pengaruh perawatan metode kanguru terhadap peningkatan berat badan bayi BBLR di RSUD Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Bagi ibu-ibu untuk melakukan perawatan metode kanguru secara rutin dan pemberian ASI yang cukup terhadap bayi BBLR. Kata kunci: metode kanguru; peningkatan berat badan; bayi BBLR ABSTRACTPremature birth is one of the biggest causes of death today. The act of caring for the newborn is carried out by warming the baby's body, conventionally using an incubator, however, incubator technology is relatively expensive. Kangaroo Treatment Method (PMK) is one of the effective treatment techniques for premature babies. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the kangaroo method on weight gain in LBW infants at the Riau Islands Province Hospital. The design of this research was a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest posttest with a sample of 16 respondents, sampling using purposive sampling technique. The results obtained that the average baby weight before the kangaroo method was 1718.88 grams, and after the kangaroo method treatment the average baby weight increased to 1844.38 grams, with an increase in body weight of 125.5 grams where p value = 0.000 (α< 0.05 ). There is an effect of kangaroo treatment method on increasing the weight of LBW babies in Riau Islands Provincial Hospital. For mothers to carry out routine kangaroo care and adequate breastfeeding for LBW babiesKeywords: kangaroo method; weight gain; LBW infant

Penerapan Metode Kanguru Terhadap Kenaikan Berat Badan Pada Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah : Lirature Riview

One of the non-pharmacoiogicai therapies given to stabiiize low-weight newborns is the Kangaroo Care. This study aimed to describe the application of Kangaroo Care in lowweight newborns. The study was a literature review of three chosen articles taken from Google Scholar with the keywords "kangaroo method", "weight gain" and "low-weight newborns" .in the form of fulltext articles published during 2015 — 2018. The result showed that from 47 newborn who were treared as respondents, most of them (59,3%) were female, and 62,9% aged 1-3 days. The average body weight before being treated with the Kangaroo Care was 1876.83 grams and it raised to 2120.18 grams after the treatment. The conclusion was that the kangaroo care could increase body weight of low-weight newborns. Hence, health providers are expected to introduce the Kangaroo Care as an alternative of weight gain treatment for low weight newborn. Keywords: kangaroo method, weight gain, low-weight newborns AbstrakSalah satu terapi nonfarmakologis untuk menaikan berat badan bayi baru lahir rendah adalah perawatan metode kanguru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan perawatan metode kanguru pada bayi baru lahir rendah. Desain karya tulis ilmiah berupa literur review dengan jumlah tiga artikel diambil dari laman google scholar dengan kata kunci “metode kanguru” “kenaikan berat badan” dan “BBLR” berupa artikel full text, terbit tahun 2015-2018. Hasil analisa karakteristik responden dari tiga artikel menunjukkan jumlah responden 47, sebagian besar (59,3%) perempuan, 62,9% umur 1-3 hari. Nilai rata-rata berat badan sebelum dilakukan perawatan metode kanguru 1876,83 gram, setelah dilakukan perawatan metode kanguru 2120,18 gram. Kesimpulannya adalah perawatan metode kanguru dapat menaikan berat badan pada bayi baru lahir rendah. Saran bagi pelayanan kesehatan hendaknya mengedukasi tentang perawatan metode kanguru sebagai salah satu alternatife untuk kenaikan berat badan pada bayi baru lahir rendah.Kata kunci: metode kanguru, kenaikan berat badan, BBLR

Twins with Craniosynostosis: An Unidentified Variant/Twin Research: Kangaroo Care for Premature Twins; Developmental Delay in MZ Twins; Osteosarcoma in One Identical Twin; Controversies in Twin Pregnancy Management/Media Reports: Twin and Triplet Olympians; Twin’s Rescue from a Crocodile; Twin Pandas in Japan; Twin Surrogacy; Identical Twins in Pennsylvania

Craniosynostosis involves the early closure of one or more joints connecting the bones of an infant’s skull. A case of young monozygotic (MZ) male twins with an unidentified variant of this condition is described, followed by a summary of relevant published reports. This overview is followed by descriptions of a kangaroo care program for premature twins, developmental delay in an MZ twin pair, osteosarcoma in one MZ twin and controversial issues in the management of multiple pregnancies. Media reports of twin and triplet Olympic athletes, a twin’s rescue from a crocodile, the birth of twin pandas in Japan, a case of twin surrogacy and the birth of identical triplets are also presented.

Perawatan Metode Kanguru Pada Bayi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah

ABSTRAK Perawatan metode kanguru adalah perawatan untuk bayi berat lahir rendah dengan melakukan kontak langsung antara kulit bayi dengan kulit ibu. Perawatan metode kangguru adalah cara yang sederhana untuk merawat bayi baru lahir dimana ibu menggunakan suhu tubuhnya untuk menghangatkan bayi. Manfaat Perawatan Metode Kanguru : menghangatkan bayi dan menstabilkan tanda vital bayi karena berat badan bayi premature cenderung rendah, jaringan lemak di dalam tubuhnya juga cenderung lebih tipis. Meningkatkan durasi tidur mekanisme yang terjadi pada saat kontak kulit dengan kulit ibu dan bayi dapat meningkatkan hormone kortisol pada bayi yang berdampak pada kualitas tidur bayi meningkat. Mengurangi tangisan dan kalori yang terbuang dari bayi. Meningkatkan berat badan bayi dan perkembangan otak bayi premature cenderung memiliki berat badan lahir rendah dan terkadang sulit mencapai berat badan ideal. Metode ini dapat membuat tidur bayi lebih nyenyak, sehingga energinya bisa tersalurkan untuk memperbaiki fungsi tubuh dan membangun jaringan tubuh dengan lebih baik. Dengan demikian berat badannya pun bisa naik lebih cepat. Meningkatkan hubungan emosional bayi dan ibu KMC meningkatkan bounding ibu dan bayi serta merupakan intervensi terapeutik untuk meningkatkan kedekatan ibu, mempromosi perilaku alami untuk stimulasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Mempemudah pemberian ASI posisi metode kanguru memudahkan bayi dapat menyusu pada ibunya sekaligus memicu ASI agar lebih mudah keluar. Beberapa riset menunjukan bahwa metode ini juga baik untuk mengatasi masalah ASI kurang. Ibu dan keluarga merasa lebih puas karena berperan dalam perawatan bayi selama di RS dan di rumah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana gambaran pengetahuan masyarakat tentang perawatan metode kanguru pada bayi berat badan lahir rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode presentasi ppowerpoint dan video. Hasil dari presentasi dan demonstrasi yang dilakukan adalah sebanyak 20.8% pengetahuan masyarakat meningkat setelah pemaparan materi. Kata kunci: BBLR, Perawatan Metode Kanguru ABSTRACT Kangaroo method care is a treatment for low birth weight babies by making direct contact between the baby's skin and the mother's skin. Kangaroo care is a simple way of caring for a newborn in which the mother uses her body temperature to warm the baby. Benefits of Kangaroo Treatment Method: warms the baby and stabilizes the baby's vital signs because premature babies tend to be low in weight, fat tissue in their bodies also tends to be thinner. Increasing the duration of sleep, the mechanism that occurs during skin contact with the skin of the mother and baby can increase the hormone cortisol in the baby which has an impact on the quality of the baby's sleep. Reduces crying and wasted calories from babies. Increasing baby weight and brain development Premature babies tend to have low birth weight and sometimes find it difficult to reach the ideal weight. This method can make the baby sleep more soundly, so that the energy can be channeled to improve body functions and build body tissues better. This way, you can gain weight more quickly. Improving the emotional connection of the baby and the mother KMC increases the bonding between the mother and the baby and is a therapeutic intervention to increase the closeness of the mother, promoting natural behavior to stimulate growth and development. Facilitate breastfeeding The position of the kangaroo method makes it easier for babies to suckle from their mothers while triggering breast milk to come out more easily. Some research shows that this method is also good for dealing with the problem of insufficient breast milk. Mothers and families feel more satisfied because they play a role in caring for the baby while in the hospital and at home. The purpose of this study was to find out how the description of public knowledge about kangaroo care methods in low birth weight infants. This research uses PowerPoint and video presentation methods. The results of the presentations and demonstrations carried out were as much as 20.8% of public knowledge increased after the presentation of the material. Keywords: LBW, Kangaroo Method Care

THE EFFECT OF KANGAROO METHOD ON IMPROVEMENT BODY WEIGHT ON LOW BIRTH WEIGHT

Background: In Indonesia the Neonatal mortality rate was 15 infants per 1000 births and in Surabaya in 2018 LBW deaths were 50 per 1000 live births, while in Haji General Hospital the LBW deaths were 12 babies in 1 year. Kangaroo care was the most effective way to meet the basic needs of LBW. Babies with 1500-2500 grams body weight either due to prematurity or small pregnancy period will lose weight ranging from 10-15% in 7 days of life. To overcome the problem Kangaroo care method4 component aims to promote weight loss, maintain body temperature remains stable and facilitate breastfeeding Methods: The method of this study was observational analytic with the design of the study cohort. Total sample of 40 LBW with sampling techniques using Sequential Sampling in the period August-October period 2019. Variabel was free kangaroo care method given 1-2 times a day with a duration of more than 120 minutes. The dependent variable was increased in body weight carried out 3x the measurement. Results: The results of the study using paired T test showed an increase in body weight, namely 1) the first measurement of 31.82 grams for 3 days with p = 0.037, 2) the second measurement increased by 227.15 for 7 days, with p = 0,000, 3) the third measurement was 258.97 with p = 0,000. The conclusion: of the studied, that there were a significant difference between the kangaroo method treatments for weight gain in LBW in the NICU Room Haji Hospital Surabaya