Simulation model as a tool for handling equipment operation diagnostics

Efficiency of handling equipment reduces the service time of vehicles arriving at the container terminal. A simulation model of the operation of handling equipment allows reducing the time for diagnosis handling technique with its failure. The model constructed by means of apparatus of Petri Nets the formalism of Petri Nets provides the precision of definitions and reflects the structural and logical connection of the simulated events. The visualization and simplicity of Petri Nets allows the technician has no special training to use these models. This paper examines the reach stacker model, these types of machines that used in container terminals. A Petri Net simulating the operation of the reach stacker – hierarchical, has a built-in network positions. Hierarchy of networks identified position to ensure secure operation techniques, conflict situation, and analyzed solutions. Position having the chips are nodes, which can cause failures.

Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (PARDS) On Pediatric COVID-19 Patients

At the end of 2019, there was a pandemic happening in the world, called the novel Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Various spectrums of disease from COVID-19, one of which is ARDS. The incidence of COVID-19 in children is not as much as in adults. However, in children under one year of age it can get worse. The main characteristic of worsening infection is the occurrence of ARDS. Objective: To find out the best treatment for PARDS in COVID-19 patients. Method: The writing of this article uses various sources from scientific journals to government guidelines and related institutions. Search articles using the keywords “Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome”, “ARDS”, “Pediatric Respiratory Distress Syndrome”, “PARDS”, and “PARDS on COVID-19” Result and Discussion: PARDS was defined based on PALICC in 2015. Pathophysiology of PARDS in COVID-19 patients is still unclear. However, there is a theory that explains the way SARS-Cov-2 enters cells, namely through membrane fusion, giving rise to ARDS. The difference in handling PARDS for COVID-19 patients is that the handling technique is more alert to the risk of aerosols. Conclusions: There are differences in the handling of PARDS for COVID-19 patients in the technique by reducing the risk of virus transmission by preventing leakage when using a ventilator and using a bacterial/virus filter, as well as rescuers and staff using complete PPE during the procedure.

Estimation of time utilized in suturing of oral flaps post-surgical wisdom teeth removal using Negus knot pusher instrument (a comparative study)

Wisdom teeth were the most common teeth affected among the rest of the teeth, these teeth need accurate evaluation and diagnosis, surgical removal of impacted wisdom needs time for incision, bone removal and suture, so the use of any instrument helps to reduce this time is essential. Objective The objectives of this study were to estimate the time needed for the suture of oral flaps post-surgical removal of the lower wisdom teeth by using Negus knot pusher and compare it with the time used for stitching in conventional manual holding single stitching. Material and Methods: Data had been collected from thirty patients through history, clinical examination and radiographic assessment, followed by classical surgical removal performed on the same principles for all patients, at the suture level patients divided arbitrarily into two groups, control group 15 patients and 15 patients Negus pusher group, using Negus knot pusher, which is usually used to hold the stitch and stop bleeding post tonsillectomy operations by ligation, time elapsed for suturing with knot tying is calculated for both groups. Results: Among the 30 patients incorporated in the clinical study, control group mean was (1 minutes and 11 seconds and 70 milliseconds) while for the pusher group was (1 minutes and 32 seconds and 57 milliseconds), the comparison by means of T-test was not significant with the (0.424) value. Conclusion: the Negus pusher instrument can be used for the knotting stiches post wisdom teeth removal as an auxiliary tool and the time can be shortened by the use of a modified handling technique and more satisfaction for patients. Keywords Time; Suturing; Wisdom teeth; Negus knot pusher.

Towards Enhanced System Efficiency while Mitigating Row Hammer

In recent years, DRAM-based main memories have become susceptible to the Row Hammer (RH) problem, which causes bits to flip in a row without accessing them directly. Frequent activation of a row, called an aggressor row , causes its adjacent rows’ ( victim ) bits to flip. The state-of-the-art solution is to refresh the victim rows explicitly to prevent bit flipping. There have been several proposals made to detect RH attacks. These include both probabilistic as well as deterministic counter-based methods. The technique of handling RH attacks, however, remains the same. In this work, we propose an efficient technique for handling the RH problem. We show that the mechanism is agnostic of the detection mechanism. Our RH handling technique omits the necessity of refreshing the victim rows. Instead, we use a small non-volatile Spin-Transfer Torque Magnetic Random Access Memory (STTRAM) that ensures no unnecessary refreshes of the victim rows on the DRAM device and thus allowing more time for normal applications in the same DRAM device. Our model relies on the migration of the aggressor rows. This accounts for removing blocking of the DRAM operations due to the refreshing of victim rows incurred in the previous solution. After extensive evaluation, we found that, compared to the conventional RH mitigation techniques, our model minimizes the blocking time of the memory that is imposed due to explicit refreshing by an average of 80.72% in the worst-case scenario and provides energy savings of about 15.82% on average, across different types of RH-based workloads. A lookup table is necessary to pinpoint the location of a particular row, which, when combined with the STTMRAM, limits the storage overhead to 0.39% of a 2 GB DRAM. Our proposed model prevents repeated refreshing of the same victim rows in different refreshing windows on the DRAM device and leads to an efficient RH handling technique.

Server and network load balancing

Software Defined Networking (SDN), is an emerging networking technology. This thesis aims to develop a new Server and Network Load balancing scheme in content delivery datacenters using SDN-based architecture. The scheme, called Server and Network Load Balancing (SNLB), tends to distribute the traffic load more evenly across the network. The SNLB achieves even distribution of flows on the links and servers by utilizing real-time network statistics. Furthermore, SNLB classifies the network flows into mice (flows with small bandwidth) and elephant (flows with large bandwidth) flows and performs load balancing on these two classes of flows separately. A detailed comparison of SNLB with Global first fit, Round robin and Load based balancing is presented. Other objectives achieved in this thesis are the designs of overload traffic handling technique and Fault tolerance method. The overload traffic handling technique activates and de-activates servers according to the traffic load; the fault tolerance method can reduce the impact on network performance during the network fault.

Server and network load balancing

Software Defined Networking (SDN), is an emerging networking technology. This thesis aims to develop a new Server and Network Load balancing scheme in content delivery datacenters using SDN-based architecture. The scheme, called Server and Network Load Balancing (SNLB), tends to distribute the traffic load more evenly across the network. The SNLB achieves even distribution of flows on the links and servers by utilizing real-time network statistics. Furthermore, SNLB classifies the network flows into mice (flows with small bandwidth) and elephant (flows with large bandwidth) flows and performs load balancing on these two classes of flows separately. A detailed comparison of SNLB with Global first fit, Round robin and Load based balancing is presented. Other objectives achieved in this thesis are the designs of overload traffic handling technique and Fault tolerance method. The overload traffic handling technique activates and de-activates servers according to the traffic load; the fault tolerance method can reduce the impact on network performance during the network fault.

Generalization of Foraging Experience Biases Bees Toward Flowers With Complex Morphologies

The importance of pollinators as selective agents for many floral traits is well established, but understanding their role in the evolution of complex floral shapes remains challenging. This is because pollinators often need much practice to efficiently handle morphologically complex flowers and extract their food rewards. What induces foragers to persistently visit and pollinate complex flowers despite their initial low profitability? We previously found that naive bumblebees, and unsuccessful feeding attempts of experienced ones, contribute to the pollination of complex flowers. Here we tested a complementary hypothesis, positing that successful foraging on flowers of one complex shape prepares pollinators to visit other species of different complex morphologies. We trained bumblebees to computer-controlled artificial flowers that were either simple, complex or both simple and complex. We then recorded their feeding choices and handling times on a second array of simple and complex flowers that had different shapes and required another handling technique. Bees trained on a single flower type (whether simple or complex) preferred flowers of the same type in the testing array. The foragers’ preferences after training on both flower types depended on the reward schedule during training: when both flower types rewarded equally, simple flowers were preferred at the test phase; when complex flowers provided higher reward during training, they became the preferred flower type during testing. These results suggest that successful foraging on complex flowers, especially when highly rewarding, can indeed induce insect pollinators to attempt additional flower species with other complex shapes.