Возрастная структура популяции азиатского бурундука (Tamias sibiricus) в Северном Приохотье

The age-related variability of the abrasion degree of the masticatory surface of the first lower molar in the Northern Priokhotye population of the Siberian chipmunk has been studied. It has been revealed that, in young of the current year, from the time they abandoning breeding burrows to the hibernation period, the index of abrasion of the masticatory surface m1 is 0.6-3.5 %. The area of exposed dentin on the molar masticatory surface increases annually by 5-6 % averagely in overwintered adult animals. According to the abrasion index, 4-5 age classes are distinguished in the population. The group of animals aged 1+ yrs dominates in number (40.8 %). The specific survival rate of individuals in the range from 1 to 3 years is approximately 0.5. After three years, it drops sharply (0.23). Less than 3 % of individuals survive up to 4 years or more in the population.

FEATURES OF OCCLUSAL CORRELATIONS OF MOLARS IN THE DENTAL CLINIC

The aim: To study the odontoglific and odometometric parameters of molar crowns of the upper and lower jaws in males and females. Materials and methods: To achieve the aim of the research was used odontoglyphic, odometometric and statistical methods of research. Results: We have found that male molars of the upper jaw are characterized by approximately the same ratio between the vestibular-palatal and mesial-distal diameters of the crown, so the teeth are square-formed. For female large angular teeth of the upper jaw the predominance of vestibular-palatal over mesial-distal diameters of the crown is characteristic, which results in an oval form of the teeth. On having analyzed the forms of the third lower molars, it can be affirmed that for this group of teeth various variational forms of crowns, from three- to five-tuber forms, are characteristic. Vestibular-lingual and mesio-distal sizes also vary according to the type of odontoglific pattern of occlusal crown surface. Conclusions: We consider it expedient to take into account the abovementioned characteristics of the masticatory surface of molars of the upper and lower jaws of male and female persons for the creation of qualitative orthopedic structures that would fully restore the masticatory function.

Assessing Safety and Clinical Effectiveness of New Approaches to Planning and Integrated Implementation of Full-Mouth Reconstruction

Objectives Planning, adequate preparation, and further prosthodontic management are the most important steps in the treatment of this population of patients with dental and mandibular anomalies. The purpose of the article is the improvement of safety and clinical effectiveness of prosthodontic rehabilitation of patients after full-mouth reconstruction. Materials and Methods A single-center open prospective nonrandomized study, examination, and treatment of 198 patients with partial or total absence of teeth were performed. Higher safety and clinical effectiveness of the treatment were found in the patients of the main group who showed a significant reduction in the rate of complications relative to the comparison group. In the main group, the number of aesthetic defects and cases of repeated prosthetics decreased in comparison with the corresponding occurrence rate of such cases in patient groups. Results It showed statistically significantly reduction in the rates of occurrence of the complications when using the proposed algorithm: the rate of inflammation of the marginal periodontium and peri-implant tissues in the main group was 2.9 times less frequent and loosening of the supporting implants was 3.9 times less frequent. The rate of polymer chipping or abrasion in the area of the incisal edge or masticatory surface was two times lower in the main group of patients, short crowns were found 1.9 times less often, sores in the area of the dental pontic in the main group were 1.8 times less frequent than in the comparison group, and no fractures of bridgework were found in the main group. The frequency of neuralgic facial pain in the patients of the main group was 5.2 times less than in the comparison group, complaints about pain in the temporomandibular joint area were 8.4 times less frequent, increased abrasion of antagonist teeth was 3.9 times less frequent, and phonetics disorders were 8.4 times less frequent.The effectiveness of the algorithm developed by us is also confirmed by the fact that the number of aesthetic defects and cases of the need for repeated prosthetic treatment was reduced in comparison with the corresponding frequency of such cases in groups of patients where standard approaches to prosthetics were applied. In particular, aesthetic defects found in the main group of patients were 2.5 times less frequent than in the comparison group, and repeated prosthetics was performed 2.7 times less frequently. Conclusion Application of the developed comprehensive approach to planning of prosthodontic rehabilitation provides for significant reduction in the frequency of complications and aesthetic defects, as well as cases of repeated need for prosthetics.

FISSURE CARIES: DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF CURATION IN THE SCHOOL DENTAL OFFICE

Subject. The problem of fissure caries remains one of the key in modern cariesology. For individual prevention, the most effective is the method of sealing fissures and fossae of the surface of the teeth. By sealing (sealing) fissures, the creation of a physical barrier for cariogenic factors and microbial plaque, remineralization of hard tooth tissues is achieved. The goal is to evaluate the effectiveness of fissure sealing in 9-year-old children living in Kazan. Methodology. The study was conducted using the clinical method and statistical analysis of the data. In total, 137 children aged 9 years old, studying in the third grades of the gymnasium No. 102 of Kazan, took part in it. The main group included 82 schoolchildren who performed non-invasive fissure sealing (the first permanent molars) with UltraSeal XT plus sealant, the comparison group consisted of 55 students who did not have fissure sealing. Results. After 12 months, out of 165 teeth previously coated with sealant, sealant on 95 teeth was completely preserved (57.6 % of cases), sealant fell out or partially retained (tooth is intact) in 36.4 %, fissure caries at the place of sealant was detected in 6.1 % The effectiveness of fissure sealing, which consists in maintaining a healthy masticatory surface of hard tooth tissues, after 12 months of follow-up was 91.9 % with a reduction of caries of 76.7 %. A comparison of the data clearly showed that the condition of the first molars, which was used to seal the fissures, allows us to talk about the preservation of intact fissures in 88 % of cases, while 56 % of unsealed molars are prone to caries of fissures and only 44 % remain intact after a year. Conclusions. A clinical study confirms that sealing fissures is a reliable and reasonable method for the prevention of fissure caries.