The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on State Suicide Rates: Revisited

This paper revisits the purported impact of socioeconomic and social environment factors on annual, U.S. state-level suicide rates. Special attention is paid to the right-hand-side linking covariates directly to Durkheim's (1897/1951) significant contributions to established ecological suicide research. Results from a Haus-man-Taylor panel specification lend little support to Durkheim's social integra-tion/regulation hypothesis that aggregate social forces matter in explaining varia-tions in regional suicide rates. Data from 1990-2019 and the advanced empirical method support the mounting sentiment of an abiding ecological fallacy plaguing suicidology. JEL classification numbers: C51, R11, I31. Keywords: Hausman-Taylor, Suicide rates, Socioeconomic factors.

HERBAL DRUG TREATMENT ON KRODH (ANGER) – A REVIEW STUDY

Psychiatry is a branch which is yet to be explored in Ayurveda. The existing medicines used in Modern system of medicine have serious adverse effects. Hence it is the need of the hour to explore medicines in this context. In Ayurveda Manovaha srotas deals with mind and psychology. Components of Manovaha srotas include Pran Va- yu, Udaan Vayu, Vyaan Vayu, Sadhak Pitta and Tarpak kaph. Abnormality in any of these components disturbs mind and causes various psychological disorders. Sadhak Pitta – a subtype of Pitta Dosh is associated with mind and emotions. Emotions like courage, fear, anger, happiness comes under the influence of Sadhak Pitta. Varia- tions in these emotions are the root cause of any psychological imbalance. In this study an attempt is made to study Krodh (anger) in detail and to explore the probable Dravya (Herbal drugs) which can be used to treat anger. Although Yoga and Aachar Rasayan described in Ayurveda have a great influence on emotions and mind, this study attempts to find herbal drugs acting on the Anger emotion as per Ayurveda. The study was carried out by reviewing various Ayurvedic Samhitas and Nighantus along with corresponding Modern Research articles on it. The aim of this study is to collect the scattered information of Dravya (Herbal Drugs) mentioned in the samhitas which can be used to treat anger emotion and make them available for further research under one single platform. A total of 6 drugs are studied in this study. Keywords: Ayurveda, Psychiatry, Manovaha srotas, Emotions, Anger, Dravya, Herbal Drugs.

Comparative Analysis and Phylogenetic Implications of Plastomes of Five Genera in Subfamily Amyridoideae (Rutaceae)

In the most recent classification of Rutaceae, Amyridoideae is the largest and most diverse subfamily. In Amyridoideae, the genera Phellodendron, Tetradium, Toddalia and Zanthoxylum were proposed as “proto-Rutaceae”due to substantial phytochemical similarities. In this study, we investigated the plastome varia-tions in eight species representing these four genera and Melicope. All plastomes exhibited a typical quadripartite structure with four regions (LSC, SSC, IRa and IRb). The whole chloroplast genome size ranged from 158,383 bp to 159,014 bp and the gene number ranged from 115 to 116. By comparative analyses, we found that there were structural variations at the LSC/IR and SSC/IR borders of the plastomes in the five genera, especially in Melicope. Three most divergent regions (trnH-psbA, trnE-trnT and psaB) were found from the LSC region, which had great potential for developing effective genetic markers. In addition, we conducted a phylogenomic analyses of the “proto-Rutaceae”and related taxa with plastomes data from 36 species. Our results showed that (1) Phellodendron, Tetradium, Toddalia and Zanthoxylum were confirmed as close relatives and grouped together as the ‘proto-Rutaceae’, (2) Phellodendron was sister to Tetradium, and Toddalia was deeply nested within Zanthoxylum, and (3) Toddalia asiatica was closely related to the Southwest Pacific and East Asian species of Zanthoxylum, and Melicope pteleifolia was more closely related to Acronychia than it is to Tetradium. This study provided new insights into the plastome structural varia-tions in subfamily Amyridoideae, and demonstrated that the plastomes data were sufficiently robust to explore implications of the phylogeny for the previous phylogenetic hypotheses.

Monitoring of river health using aquatic insects: A study on Jatinga River, North East India

A biomonitoring study of River Jatinga located in south Assam, north east In-dia was conducted for the first time. The study aimed to evaluate water quality of the river in different stretches using aquatic in-sect as bioindicators. Insect samples were collected from selected sites of mid-stream and downstream of the river during monsoon- post monsoon, 2018 and winter- pre monsoon, 2019. A total of 25 families of aquatic insects recorded from 8 orders; Gerridae was eudominant in midstream across all the seasons with highest percentage in win-ter. Hemiptera, the most di-verse group was represented by six families with highest relative abundance. The study found that although both the sites were repre-sented by same functional feeding groups, there were seasonal and spatial varia-tions in the families of in-sects and their percentage occurrences. All the biotic indices, BMWPTHAI, SIG-NAL2 scores, EPT % and HFBI have shown relatively better quality of water of the River Jatinga in the mid-stream than that in the downstream during mon-soon and post monsoon sea-sons. Presence/absence and abundance of certain insect groups can provide infor-mation about health of the river.

Periodical variations of some geophysical fields on the territory of Tajikistan

The data about seasonal variations in the rates of several geophysical fields on the ter-ritory of Tajikistan have been brought and issues about the mutual correlations are discussed. The seasonal variations in plastic deformations of the utmost strained rock model samples, varia-tions in Earth crust deformations on Shaartuz site, seismic activity on the number of earthquakes data in the Dushanbe-Vakhsh area during 2010-2014, pH variations on the thermal mineral water deposit Obigarm have been revealed.

Optical investigation of prechamber combustion in an RCEM

In this study, detailed investigations of scavenged prechamber engine combustion are performed experimentally in a Rapid Com-pression Expansion Machine (RCEM), which allows optical access into the main chamber. OH* chemiluminescence measurements combined with pressure measurements are used to study the effect of varying ignition timing on combustion and cycle-to-cycle varia-tions. The variation of ignition timing (pressure at ignition) showed an optimum ignition point for a given injection duration. Earlier ignition resulted in weaker but more reactive jets, coupled to increased cyclic variations. Later ignition did not significantly affect heat release rate, but increased cyclic variation.

SEASONAL CYCLIC VARIA TIONS IN THE GEOPHYSICAL FIELDS. ANALY SIS OF OBSERVA TIONS EIEMPZ ON THE STATIONS NETWORK OF THE NORTH-CAUCA SIAN REGION

В результате анализа многолетних рядов наблюдений за естественным импульсным электромагнит- ным полем Земли (ЕИЭМПЗ или ЭМИ) по сети из 10 регистраторов, расположенных от Черного до Ка- спийского моря в пределах сейсмоопасных районов Северо-Кавказского региона, выделены характерные региональные особенности поведения суточных и сезонных вариаций геофизических полей. Отработана методика выделения аномалий с учетом смещения интенсивности сезонного фона. An analysis of long-term series of observations of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth in a network of 10 registrars, located on the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea within the seismic areas of the North Caucasus region, marked characteristic regional features of the behavior of diurnal and seasonal variations of geophysical fields. Developed a method for detecting anomalies with the offset intensity seasonal background