The Cyber Crime of Juice Jacking in Developing Economies: Susceptibilities, Consequences and Control Measures

It is convenient and the norm to have both data and power cables (battery charge) integrated as a single Universal Serial Bus (USB) cable for today’s mobile devices. While the data component of the cables serves as the channels for data communication, the power channel charges the mobile devices through an adapter connected to an Alternating Current (A/C) socket or directly to a USB port. This convenient and seemingly harmless design could also serve as a medium through which malicious hacks are carried out on the connected mobile devices as studies and recent experimentations has shown. This hacking variant called Juice Jacking now serve as a potential avenue for mobile device exploitation, especially in developing economies where poor power grid infrastructures has allowed for indiscretions in charging devices from any available. This paper formulates a simple architecture for Juice Jacking cyber-crime, review prove-of-concept experimentation for Juice Jacking from available literatures, identifies significant threats and levels of impact of this cyber-crime on the community. It also highlights strategies that could mitigate juice jacking in developing economies.

KINETICS OF EXCITATION OF A MAGNETIC FIELD IN ASYNCHRONOUS VALVE CASCADE

The essence of the physical processes of vector control of an asynchronous valve cascade (AVC), in particular the processes of excitation of a rotating magnetic flux, becomes clearer if this field is considered as an independent object. The nonlinearity of the system of differential equations of AVC prevents the separation and consideration of a rotating magnetic field as an independent physical object. For AVC, when the stator of asynchronous machine (AM) is powered from the network, and the rotor circuit – from the frequency converter, the problem of studying the process of creating a magnetic field was not considered. It is possible to substantiate the possibility of considering the dynamics of the magnetic flux isolated from the reaction of the active power channel, provided that the rotor is held stationary by the control system and the reactive current of the rotor is stabilized by its regulator at a certain level. The process of magnetization of AM in the circuit AVC is mainly due to the voltage of the supply network, which significantly limits the possibility of actively influencing the formation of the reference vector of the stator flux linkage with the help of the regulator of the reactive component of the rotor current. It becomes impossible to qualitatively control the electromagnetic torque AM at the initial stage of start-up, when the stator flux linkage takes on a steady-state value after prolonged oscillations. This phenomenon leads to the need to supply a reference signal to the speed control channel when the stator flux linkage vector reaches a steady-state value when the rotor is stationary and there is no load torque on the shaft. In the article, the task is to investigate the process of excitation of the magnetic field of the AVC and the influence of the current regulator on this process at its different structures in the reactive power channel. An original method of studying the statics and dynamics of excitation of the magnetic field of the AVC is applied, the results of which allow us to conclude that to increase the stability margin of the reactive power circuit of the AVC, it is necessary to regulate the magnetizing current in the control system of this circuit instead of the reactive component of the rotor current.

Optimal Path Configuration with Coded Laser Pilots for Charging Electric Vehicles Using High Intensity Laser Power Beams

Wireless power transmission (WPT) for wireless charging has been gaining wide attention as a promising approach to miniaturizing the battery size and increasing the maximal total range of an electric vehicle (EV). With an appropriate charging infrastructure, WPT holds great potential to accelerate the acceptance of EVs through users’ higher satisfaction, reducing EV cost, and increasing the driving range and capability. A WPT system based on high-intensity laser power beaming (HILPB) provides an optimal solution for wirelessly charging electric vehicles from a distance of several meters. Despite a large number of WPT approaches, the problem of optimal path configuration for charging EV remains an unexplored area. This paper proposes a method to determine the optimal power transmission path in environments where multiple power transmitters (PTXs) and power receivers (PRXs) are operated simultaneously. To this end, we modeled the HILPB power that reaches a PRX equipped with a photovoltaic (PV) array and validated the model by simulating the WPT process in an environment with multiple PTXs and PRXs using a direct-sequence optical code division multiple access (DS-OCDMA) system. In the simulation environment, upon receiving a request from a PRX, a PTX sent its power channel information through optically encoded laser pulses using each available wireless power channel (WPC). The PRX calculated the maximum deliverable power of a PTX and WPC based on the received channel power indicator of the incident laser beam. Based on the calculation results, it selected the optimal PTX and WPC for its maximum power requirement (MPQ). The MPQ of each PRX was satisfied by applying the algorithm for selecting the PTX according to the alignment and characteristics of the PTXs and PRXs. We modeled a power reception model of the PRX based on a PV array using coded laser pilots and validated it through experimentation. We discussed some algorithms that select the most suitable PTX among several PTXs for which several EVs receive the power it needs.

Instantaneous Power Theory For Unbalanced Voltage Compensation Of 3-Phase Power Systems

This paper presents another control technique for a three-phase power systems which depends on instantaneous power hypothesis for unbalanced voltage. In this paper we will dissect power quality issues under distortional and unbalanced voltage conditions, In this methodology, the voltage and source voltages are utilized to create the reference voltages of an arrangement dynamic power channel and source currents are utilized to produce the reference currents of a shunt dynamic power channel. The proposed control approach depends on instantaneous power and is streamlined by utilizing a self-tuning channel, without utilizing any filters or phase bolted circle, and without estimating voltage or channel currents. The presentation of the proposed control approach is assessed regarding power factor adjustment, source impartial current alleviation, voltage adjusting and relief of the current and voltage harmonics of distortional and unbalanced voltages in a three-phase system. Accordingly, the occasions that current is estimated is diminished and system execution is improved. The outcomes got by MATLAB/SIMULINK programming show the viability of the proposed control procedure in contrast with the regular technique.

Optimization Of Adaptive Control Technique For Grid Integrated Pv-Dstatcom

This paper depicts an optimization of adaptive control strategy for grid integrated PV-DSTATCOM and dynamic power channel inverter topographies and their control plans using mechanical rules and advanced high-power courses of action. In this paper we will accomplish DSATCOM based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for a three stage framework to improve power quality and backing the three stage AC grid by providing power both to the grid and the associated loads. The proposed framework functions as DSTATCOM improving power quality and the power is moved from the grid to the heap. The exhibition of DSTATCOM and the power point is noticed and it is by all accounts all around performed to restrict the music. The test framework is actualized utilizing MATLAB SIMULINK programming. The framework is named as a brilliant as it can perform the two modes consequently detecting the PV power and is fit for multidirectional power stream.Additionally we will reproduce and print results for optimization of adaptive control technique for grid integrated solar cells. The trial approval is completed on a created model in the research facility under fluctuating modes. The proposed PV grid tied framework is fit for working nonstop. During daylight conditions, the proposed framework performs double elements of improving power quality by functioning as DSTATCOM and furthermore moves power to the heap and the grid got from PV cluster. Notwithstanding, during night or shady conditions.