Physiological flow of biomedical compressible fluids inside a ciliated symmetric channel

This article studies the flow induced by cilia for a compressible Jeffrey fluid. The investigation is carried out for electrically conducting magnetohydrodynamic fluid in a space of porous media. The fluid flows inside a two-dimensional symmetric channel. The flow is demonstrated considering small magnetic Reynolds number and velocity slip at the wall. Perturbation technique is used in finding the solution. For different values of parameters, the net axial velocity is computed up to second-order calculations. It is interesting to note that Jeffrey fluid fluctuations decline as it changes from hydrodynamics to hydromagnetic fluid and as a consequence the retardation time turns out to be weak.

INVESTIGATION OF HEAT TRANSFER OF NON-NEWTONIAN FLUID IN THE PRESENCE OF A POROUS WALL

This study deals the investigation of heat transfer of non-Newtonian fluid in the presence of a porous bounding wall. Perturbation method is applied for the solution of non-linear differential equation. The main focus of this paper is to investigate the effects of parameters such as Reynolds number Re, Prandtl number Pr, permeability parameter K and n in the velocity of fluid and temperature coefficient. For fulfilling the purpose Matlab software has been used. The results show that velocity of non-Newtonian increases with increase of Reynolds number Re and temperature increases with increases of Prandtl number Pr.

Cell Wall Perturbation Sensitizes Fungi to the Antimalarial Drug Chloroquine

ABSTRACTChloroquine (CQ) has been a mainstay of antimalarial drug treatment for several decades. Additional therapeutic actions of CQ have been described, including some reports of fungal inhibition. Here we investigated the action of CQ in fungi, including the yeast modelSaccharomyces cerevisiae. A genomewide yeast deletion strain collection was screened against CQ, revealing thatbck1Δ andslt2Δ mutants of the cell wall integrity pathway are CQ hypersensitive. This phenotype was rescued with sorbitol, consistent with cell wall involvement. The cell wall-targeting agent caffeine caused hypersensitivity to CQ, as did cell wall perturbation by sonication. The phenotypes were not caused by CQ-induced changes to cell wall components. Instead, CQ accumulated to higher levels in cells with perturbed cell walls: CQ uptake was 2- to 3-fold greater inbck1Δ andslt2Δ mutants than in wild-type yeast. CQ toxicity was synergistic with that of the major cell wall-targeting antifungal drug, caspofungin. The MIC of caspofungin against the yeast pathogenCandida albicanswas decreased 2-fold by 250 μM CQ and up to 8-fold at higher CQ concentrations. Similar effects were seen inCandida glabrataandAspergillus fumigatus. The results show that the cell wall is critical for CQ resistance in fungi and suggest that combination treatments with cell wall-targeting drugs could have potential for antifungal treatment.

MODELING FLUID FLOWS IN DISTENSIBLE TUBES FOR APPLICATIONS IN HEMODYNAMICS

We present a lattice Boltzmann (LB) model for the simulation of hemodynamic flows in the presence of compliant walls. The new scheme is based on the use of a continuous bounce-back boundary condition, as combined with a dynamic constitutive relation between the flow pressure at the wall and the resulting wall deformation. The method is demonstrated for the case of two-dimensional (axisymmetric) pulsatile flows, showing clear evidence of elastic wave propagation of the wall perturbation in response to the fluid pressure. The extension of the present two-dimensional axisymmetric formulation to more general three-dimensional geometries is currently under investigation.