СТАН ТА ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ СИСТЕМИ ЕНЕРГОЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ В УКРАЇНІ

The article discusses contemporary issues of ensuring energy security in Ukraine. A brief overview on the modern energy system which comprises power plants of different types, electrical and thermal networks operating in the manufacturing sector, in transmission and distribution of electrical and thermal energy. The study considers the following types of power plants in the energy system of Ukraine: nuclear, thermal, hydroelectric and hydropower stations as well as power plants working with alternative (renewable) energy sources. It is argued that the ratio of energy sources and the energy system balance is the core basis to provide the national energy security and maintain stable power supply subject to different external environment factors. The findings have revealed the dominance of coal and natural gas production in the overall energy balance of Ukraine. However, the study of import and export trends demonstrates the prevalence of energy imports, in particular coal, oil and gas. It is observed that currently, alternative energy sources are at the infant development stage. The study of alternative energy supply in Ukraine shows that over 2018–2020 the capacity of such power plants increased by 7%, in particular, the capacity of wind stations grew by 2.3 times and solar – by 4.3 times, thus exhibiting respective change in energy output. It is also observed that during the period under consideration, the renewable energy output dropped by 17.1% while wind power production increased by 2.8 times and solar – by 5.2 times, respectively. According to the results, over 2018–2020 the capacity of wind power plants increased from 0.9% to 2.0% of the total domestic output, and solar – from 2.3% to 9.4%; as to production, the share of energy generated by wind power increased from 0.8% to 2.4%, and solar – from 0.7% to 4.1%. Given the current trend of increasing energy output generated from alternative sources, there is reason to tap a growing interest in the activities of companies offering power generating equipment in the Ukrainian market. A study on the capacity needs has revealed that the most popular among consumers of autonomous power supply systems, about 70% of total sales refer to low and medium power generators in the range of 8–550 kW. The conclusions resume that the key driver in boosting the alternative energy supply system is the relevant legal framework that encourages further alternative energy supply market development and, accordingly, the market of power generating equipment in Ukraine characterized by a strong upward growth trend.

Methods to improve the efficiency of the business process of repairing power-generating equipment

The paper considers the methods to improve the efficiency of the business process of repairing power-generating equipment, as one of the main directions for increasing the efficiency and safety of the company activity as a whole. The efficiency of power generating companies is currently determined by the quality of the field-oriented and supporting business processes arrangement. Companies in the power-generating sector have strict environmental and energy security requirements. Accidents at production and transport facilities can cause irreparable environmental deprivations. Also, the failure of the mains sections can completely stymie the work of large settlements, and endanger the life and health of people in the cold season. The performance of the equipment can be impaired as a result of natural causes (corrosive wear, metal fatigue, and other deformations) and due to violation of the operating mode. The good condition of the processing equipment is ensured by the maintenance and repair works performed in time. Company's experience has proven that, for the safe operation of processing equipment, it is necessary to annually appropriate funds in the amount of at least 2% of the initial cost of the equipment. The main focus should be on planning and arranging the processes involved. Safe operation can also mean availability to purchase equipment necessary for production tasks. Many large power generating companies are trying to act under the principle of technological self-sufficiency. It implies the presence of technological developments in intellectual property, as well as production facilities. The implementation of this principle is possible both through the development of own scientific resources, and through the absorption of industrial enterprises. All this gives a competitive advantage to power generating companies, as well as expands the range of services provided.

Total energy

The training manual sets out General issues of energy systems, fundamentals of converting various forms of energy (thermal, nuclear, hydraulic, solar, wind, geothermal, etc.) into electrical energy, explained the device, principles of operation, modes of operation of heat and power generating equipment and the main issues related to the transmission and distribution of electric energy. Designed for students enrolled in the direction "Electro - and heat power engineering".

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES MULTI-SUPPORTED SHAFTING

The article presents an analysis of various types of experimental equipment that simulates the operation of flexible shaft lines of power generating machines and units. Based on the analysis results, an experimental setup is presented for investigating the dynamic characteristics of multi-support rotor systems. An information-measuring system is proposed to ensure the operation of a dynamic stand based on a hardware-software complex of the "National Instruments" company. The results of experimental studies of multi-support rotor systems used in power generating equipment are presented.

MECHATRONIC DYNAMIC STAND FOR RESEARCH OF PLAIN BEARINGS POWER GENERATING UNITS

The article considers and analyzes various types of experimental equipment for power generating machines and aggregates. Based on the results of the analysis, a dynamic stand for the study of plain bearings is presented. An information and measurement system for ensuring the operation of a dynamic stand based on the software and hardware complex of the company "National Instruments"is proposed. The results of experimental studies of plain bearings used in power generating equipment are presented.

Simulation of repair and technical maintenance processes for power-generating equipment components at chemical factories

Theoretical aspects and experience of using the mathematical modeling and computerized simulation technology for solving the problems of installation and repair of process equipment of chemical and petrochemical industries are considered in this scientific paper. Computational model of restoring process to working condition of pipeline section has been developed. It is shown that if you use the developed model, then the labor-intensive installation activities, related to the repair works on heat and power networks of chemical industries, can be performed in a more efficient way.