Analysis of Loads and Response on Flexible Riser under the Combined Effects of Wave and Current

A three dimensional computational model is established for the analysis of loads and response of flexible riser in a wave-current coexisting environment. The viscid fluid is assumed incompressible. The flow field is described by continuity equation and Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes equations and solved with the discretization of Finite-Volume Method. The structure responses are analyzed employing finite element method based on three dimensional solid element. The loads and response are calculated through the CFD module System Coupling in software package ANSYS14.5. The results show that the vibration equilibrium position of riser offsets along with the direction of current when wave and current are in the same direction, the response of the riser is larger than that only in wave, the vibration amplitude increases with the current and the results are opposite to the above when wave and current has the opposite direction.

TUBERCULIN HYPERSENSITIVENESS IN NON-TUBERCULOUS GUINEA PIGS INDUCED BY INJECTIONS OF BACILLUS-FREE FILTRATES

1. When a guinea pig with well developed peritoneal tuberculosis is injected intraperitoneally with about 20 cc. of a heavy suspension of a virulent tubercle bacillus (Culture H37) death occurs within 24 hours or the animal becomes extremely toxic. Such a peritoneal tuberculosis develops in about 1 month after 1 cc. of. a very heavy suspension of Culture H37 has been introduced into the abdominal cavity. If the viscid fluid which is contained within the peritoneal cavity is mixed with saline solution and passed through a Berkefeld filter a bacillus-free filtrate is obtained which induces in normal guinea pigs a certain degree of cutaneous hypersensitiveness to tuberculin. 2. The abdominal organs and the parietal peritoneum, to which masses of leucocytes and tubercle bacilli are adherent, when crushed and extracted with saline solution yield a filtrate which likewise induces a cutaneous hypersensitiveness. 3. The cutaneous hypersensitiveness does not appear before the 7th or 8th day after the filtrate injection and is therefore considered to be the result of an active sensitization of the animal.

Some observations on the effects of dividing the nerves of the lungs, and subjecting the latter to the influence of voltaic electricity

The author, in this paper, first recapitulates the results obtained by him in a paper published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1822; by which it appears that the secreted fluids of animals are so deranged, by dividing the nerves of the secreting organs, as to be incapable of performing their functions; but that they may be restored to their former powers by transmitting voltaic electricity through the secreting organs by the portion of the divided nerves attached to them. In this paper, the functions of the stomach were chiefly considered; in the present, he proposes to consider those of the lungs. When the nerves of the 8th pair, supplying the lungs, are divided, the animal breathes with difficulty, and speedily dies of suffocation. If the lungs be examined after death, their cells are found so completely filled with a viscid fluid, as to obliterate them entirely, as well as the air tubes. They sink in water; and from a description by Mr. Cutler, which is stated by Dr. Philip at length, it appears that they are rendered impermeable to injections.