The Reproductive System and Ovarian Development of the Adult Olive Psylla Euphyllurα phillyreαe Foerster (Homoptera: Aphalaridae)

The gross morphology of the reproductive system of adult females and males of the olive psylla Euphyllurα phillyreαe Foerster (Homoptera: Aphalaridae) is given. Five stages of ovarian development are distinguished and described, based on the size and shape of the ovaries and ovarioles, on the separation of the vitellarium from the germarium, and on the appearance and shape of oocytes.

Description of the male of Psyllaephagus euphyllurae (Masi) (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the olive psylla, Euphyllura olivina (Costa) (Hemiptera, Liviidae), with notes on its reproductive traits and hyperparasitoids

A colony of the encyrtid wasp <em>Psyllaephagus</em> <em>euphyllurae</em> (Masi) (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) has been established in the quarantine laboratory at the University of California, Riverside, California, USA as part of a classical biological control program against its invasive host, the olive psylla, <em>Euphyllura</em> <em>olivina</em> (Costa) (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Liviidae), an important pest of olives in some parts of the world. The colony originators were reared from the same host found on abandoned, commercial olives in Catalonia, Spain; additional collections were made in Murcia. The parasitoid reproduces primarily by thelytoky; however, a few occasional males have been found in the field in Spain, but not in colonies reared under quarantine or laboratory conditions. Here, the female of <em>P</em>. <em>euphyllurae</em> is redescribed and its male is described and illustrated for the first time; the only previous mention of male <em>P</em>. <em>euphyllurae</em> was from Tunisia, reared from the same psyllid host but without any details on its morphology. A lectotype is designated for <em>Encyrtus</em> <em>euphyllurae</em> Masi. Information is given on the results of genetic matching between the two sexes of the parasitoid and also on the presence of the bacterial <em>Wolbachia</em> symbiont that apparently is affecting reproduction of this species, including its sex ratio in the field. Two species of hyperparasitoids have also emerged from the parasitized olive psylla nymphs from Catalonia: numerous specimens of <em>Apocharips</em> <em>trapezoidea</em> (Hartig) (Hymenoptera, Figitidae) and one specimen of a <em>Pachyneuron</em> sp. (Hymenoptera, Pteromalidae).