Cross-Culture Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Duke Health Profile

Background: Duke health profile (DHP) is a 17-item questionnaire that measures six health scales (physical, mental, social, general, perceptual, and self-confidence) and four dysfunction scales of anxiety, depression, pain, and disability. Objectives: To systematically translate DHP to Persian language and measure the validity and reliability of the translated version. Methods: We used the forward-backward method for translation of DHP from English to Persian. After linguistic matching and pilot review, a cross-sectional study was carried out on 239 individuals aged over 18 to measure the psychometric characteristics of the Persian version of DHP. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest analysis. Content validity, face validity, and construct validity were evaluated by an expert panel, interviewing a sample of the general population, and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Results: Item content validity indexes (I-CVI) for relevance and clarity were between 88 and 100. Scale content validity index (S-CVI) for relevance and clarity were 96% and 94%, respectively. The calculated item content validity ratio (I-CVR) was between 0.78 and 1.0. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the data fit the model, and the indicators of fitness were acceptable. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.77 for the total tool and varied between 0.47 and 0.69 for different subscales. The reliability of the test-retest was 0.64 - 0.88, which was good after two weeks. Conclusions: The Persian version of DHP is a valid and reliable tool for measuring health profile.

A Cross-sectional Assessment of Quality of Life among Pharmacy Academics

Introduction: These days, living a good quality life has become a luxury rather than a necessity and investigating the quality of life (QoL) across teaching professionals seems to be beneficial. This study aimed to determine the association between demographic and socioeconomic variables and the QoL among pharmacy academics. Methods: Stratified random sampling was applied to collect data using a pre-validated and self-administered questionnaire the Duke Health Profile (DHP). Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) ver. 22.0 was used to analyze the descriptive and inferential data. Results: One hundred and fifty-five pharmacy academics were included in this study where majority 98 (63.2%) were males and 57 (36.8%) were females. The majority 74.2% weremarried and 68.4% were having more than 5 years of teaching experience. A total of 123 ofthe pharmacy academics were more than 35 years old which accounted for 79.4% of the respondents. Various determinants like age, residence, gender, administrative position, marital status, monthly income, and teaching experience are the main factors affecting QoL among pharmacy academics. Conclusion: From the present study it could be concluded that QoL among pharmacy academics was significantly influenced by numerous socio-economic and demographic determinants.

Health-related Quality of Life among Community Pharmacists

Introduction: The role of community pharmacists (CPs) has kept on changing. Due to the evolving role of CPs, it is important to know its impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among CPs. Besides, the literature on the HRQoL of CPs is not being enriched, there is an urge to carry out a study to evaluate the HRQoL among CPs. This study aimed to examine the association between the socio-demographic factors and the HR QoLamong CPs. Methodology: A set of questions related to the HRQoL has been adopted from a pre-validated questionnaire, the Duke Health Profile and contextualized it to measure study outcomes. The target population in this study was the registered CPs that were practicing. The site of the study included all the chain and independent pharmacies. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22.0 was used to analyze the data and the significance level was set at p≤ 0.05. Various domains of the Duke Health Profile (DHP) were calculated using the provided formula. Results: A total of 172 respondents were included in this study. Several HRQoL domains were significantly associated with socio-demographic factors. The univariate analysis illustrated that mental and general health state had significant associations with age, practice setting was significantly associated with the mental health state, the salary was significantly associated with self-esteem and mental health was significantly associated with length of service and practice setting. Dysfunction dimensions of anxiety, anxiety-depression, and pain were significantly associated with gender. Conclusion: Gender, age, length of service, salary and practice setting were the risk factors for HRQoL among CPs.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde entre usuários da Atenção Básica com um instrumento genérico: Duke Health Profile

Objetivo: analisar o estado de saúde de usuários da atenção básica por meio do DUKE, comparando os subgrupos de acordo as suas características sociodemográficas. Métodos: foi realizado estudo transversal entre usuários da atenção básica por meio de amostragem por conveniência. Para quantificar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde dos pacientes, foi utilizado o instrumento Duke Health Profile. Os escores das dez dimensões do instrumento foram comparados entre os subgrupos que compõem a amostra de acordo as suas características sociodemográficas. A consistência interna do Duke foi avaliada pelo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: participaram 484 pacientes. As mulheres e os idosos obtiveram escores menores nas escalas de saúde física, mental e geral e maiores naquelas de ansiedade, depressão e dor quando comparados aos homens e adultos, respectivamente. As escalas de saúde física e geral tiveram os coeficientes alfa de Cronbach mais elevados, 0,68 e 0,66, respectivamente. Conclusões: os baixos escores nas escalas de saúde e os altos escores nas escalas de disfunções de saúde apresentados por idosos e mulheres neste estudo representam, quantitativamente, a vulnerabilidade social e individual a que esses grupos estão submetidos. O uso do DUKE representa uma importante ferramenta que pode nortear ações de promoção da saúde bem como de outras políticas relacionadas à qualidade de vida.

Stroke Impact Scale Version 2: Validation of the French Version

Background Almost 1 person in 1,000 experiences a stroke annually in France. Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) measurement with specific questionnaires is useful to study the consequences of stroke on patients' daily lives. Objective The purpose of this study was to validate the French version of the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) questionnaire, as no disease-specific questionnaire was validated in French heretofore. Methods Two hundred eighty-eight patients with stroke were classified into 2 groups (158 acute, 130 chronic). Rate of item completion, test-retest reliability, sensitivity to change, and construct validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the questionnaire were assessed. Acute group patients were recruited during the first month poststroke and followed for 3 months. Chronic group patients (stroke dating from 1 year) were recruited from outpatient consultations. The first 100 patients in the chronic group were called back 15 days after inclusion for test-retest measurements. The Barthel Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Duke Health Profile questionnaires were administered. Results The French version of the SIS was well accepted by all participants. It had good reproducibility. Cronbach alpha was 89% for all scales. A ceiling effect was noted in the majority of scales. Physical domains were significantly correlated to other measures of physical capacity (Barthel Index and Duke Health Profile; Spearman coefficients were between .5 and .73), and the emotional and social domains were significantly correlated to almost all domains of the Duke Health Profile. Psychometric properties were similar to those of the US version. Responsiveness was good for physical and emotional domains. Limitations Validation was conducted only on people who were able to answer the questionnaire. Conclusions The French SIS version presents good psychometric properties, except for ceiling effect. This is the first stroke-specific questionnaire evaluating perceived health after stroke to be validated in France and could be useful for further investigations of HRQoL after stroke.