Cartographic modeling of the temperature fields of the land fund of the Novosibirsk region using satellite data of the MODIS/Terra spectroradiometer

The results of cartographic modeling of the temperature fields of soils of the land fund of the Novosibirsk region using satellite data obtained by the MODIS/Terra spectroradiometer are considered. The developed cartographic models give a clear idea of the spatial structure of the temperature fields of the soil cover of the Novosibirsk region and the qualitative changes in the temperature regime of soils in different years. According to the data of daytime and nighttime surveys, the peculiarities of the temperature distribution of the soil cover for 2001 and 2010 were established. The values of the average annual temperature of the underlying surface for 2001–2014 were calculated. It is assumed that thermal resources not reflected in the generalization of zonal zoning can be identified on cartographic models. These resources have independent ecological significance and characterize the diversity of landscape, anthropogenic and other types of climate.

CARTOGRAPHIC MODELING OF LAND SURFACE TEMPERATURE FIELDS OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION ACCORDING TO REMOTE SENSING DATA

The results of the study of the land surface temperature regime of the Novosibirsk region for cartographic modeling based on satellite sensing data are presented.

Geoinformation mapping to analyze the spatio-temporal data of agricultural production in Siberian regions

The study deals with opportunities of assessing geoinformation mapping to identify prospective areas of interregional specialization for a macroregion as a new political and economic unit of Russia. The spatial assessment method for such Siberian regions’ agricultural specialization is proposed and tested. The study covers 392 rural municipal districts, united in sixteen entities of the Russian Federation and located in four macro-regions. The analysis of the rural muni- cipalities’ productivity indicators for 2007–2018 was carried out for 26 types of crop products and 5 types of livestock ones using methods of mathematical and cartographic modeling, which enabled identifying 16 perspective food interregional clusters in South Siberian, 12 ones – in the Angara-Yenisei and 1 – in the Ural-Siberian macroregion. A Web-cartographic product “Geoportal of agricultural specialization of Siberian macroregions” was developed for solving application tasks of spatial analysis and determining the state policy measures for the development of interregional agricultural cooperation in Siberia.

FEATURES OF FORMATION OF ZONES WITH SPECIAL CONDITIONS USE OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TERRITORIES IN CONDITIONS OF INFORMATION UNCERTAINTY IN CATALOGING THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL FACTORS

Railway transport and its infrastructure operate as a sophisticated technological complex, charac-terized by a convergence of industrial, social and environmental norms and requirements. In order to comply with them, along the right-of-way for the railway tracks themselves, protected zones are formed with a limited regime of land use, defined, according to modern standards of urban develop-ment, as zones with special conditions for the use of territories (ZSCUT). The formation of such zones that represent the subject of cadastral engineers' activities is a composition of technological processes that are determined by spatial data, the volume and content of which is determined by the type and complexity of the object-the property complex, in this case represented by a railway section with the corresponding infrastructure. The ambiguity of regulatory requirements for the establishment of these zones on complex sections of the route determines the need to use additional data, in particular, de-scribing geological and other natural factors. This aspect allows us to consider the situation as infor-mation-uncertain, which is noted in the title of this work, and in its content to assess the safe function-ing of railway transport on the basis of information (cartographic) modeling of the parameters of the required zone. Taking into account the complexity of solving the problem of boundaries ZSCUT de-termination, the results of the presented study include: assessment of the adequacy of regulatory data for establishing such zones, new opportunities for cartographic modeling in their formation and moni-toring, recommendations for improving the regulatory framework.

About using GIS tools in the practical course of mathematical and mapping modeling

GIS is closely related to mathematical cartographic modeling, as they work with spatially coordinated data. geoinformation technologies used to study the spatio-temporal structure, connections and dynamics of geosystems are mainly based on the methods of cartographic analysis and mathematical-cartographic modeling. The purpose of mastering the discipline “Mathematical and cartographic modeling” is to form students’ theoretical knowledge and practical skills in the field of mathematical and cartographic modeling, the acquisition of general and special knowledge by students, as well as practical skills in constructing thematic content of maps based on modern computer and geoinformation technologies. The course must meet the requirements of the time and assume the use of modern gIS technologies when performing practical tasks. When studying the discipline, students get acquainted with the place and role of mathematical and cartographic modeling in the structures of geographic information systems, acquire skills in working with various sources of spatial information, independently systematize and analyze data. The functionality of GIS packages allows you to construct thematic content of maps based on the analysis of spatial data and geoinformation modeling. Some mathematical and cartographic models are created easily and simply, the construction of individual models requires the development of additional scripts, programs, etc. The acquisition by students of practical skills in constructing thematic content of maps based on modern computer and geoinformation technologies should be accompanied by the formation of ideas about the mathematical methods used, knowledge of how a particular tool works. This article is devoted to researching the possibilities of using GIS technologies in the practical course of mathematical and cartographic modeling. The main attention is paid to the construction of models of the structure of the spatial characteristics of geographic phenomena.

The structure of geosystem mapping to support the regional geoecological analysis

Information supporting regional geoecological analysis (GEA) is one of the priority scientific fields of geography and geoecology in connection with the issues of climate change and globalization. Cartographic support of the GEA is a scientific process of translating interdisciplinary research materials into a constructive cartographic model, which requires clarifying goal-oriented theoretical issues to be studied; as well as determining the criteria for selection of empirical data and methods for their investigation; and formulating cartographic modeling methods based on the research results. The aim of the study was to develop a methodology for geographic synthesis of knowledge based on the polygeosystem concept and the idea of interpretative landscape-and-ecological mapping using GIS technologies, ranging from studying general principles and logic of research to solving specific tasks of geographic information mapping. The mapping strategy is to display the natural landscape as a complex of human living conditions in comparison with anthropogenic impact and possible consequences. The methodology for creating an outfit of landscape maps represents a combination of traditional mapping methods and geo-information ones for arranging thematic spatial data and their modification using GIS technologies. The basic principle of creating the cartographic information system (CIS) is that of complexity, it presupposes the existence of a landscape classification system, uniform for all the thematic electronic layers of the CIS, which can combine their natural and anthropogenic components. Such an approach provides a means of presenting a series of conjugated landscape-and-ecological interpretation maps of the Baikal region in the form of a holistic CIS consisting of an outfit of thematic layers, united by a common concept and created on a single landscape basis.

Modelagem cartográfica para a delimitação das paisagens da bacia hidrográfica do Alto Curso do Rio Mundaú - Pernambuco/Alagoas, Nordeste, Brasil

A noção de paisagem está presente na memória do ser humano antes mesmo da elaboração do conceito. As sínteses naturalistas concebem a natureza através de uma ordem natural que promove a organização da superfície terrestre a partir dos elementos internos e externos do globo, essa ordem está passível de analise, já que se espacializa em áreas naturais homogêneas, dotadas de uma hierarquia. A bacia hidrográfica é uma excelente opção de investigação, é um sistema aberto, dinâmico, onde ocorrem trocas constantes de matéria e energia. As bacias hidrográficas, na condição de unidades funcionais de planejamento, esguardam paisagens. Assim para a delimitação das paisagens do alto curso, buscou-se correlacionar os fatores geológico-geomorfológico com a climatologia da bacia, o que resultou na delimitação de 8 unidades de paisagens, sendo elas: caatingas secas em relevo dissecado em ravina, caatingas subúmidas em relevo dissecado convexo, matas úmidas em relevo convexo, matas úmidas em relevo dissecado aguçado, matas úmidas em relevo pediplano degradado inumado, matas úmidas em relevo tabular, atas subúmidas em relevo tabular e matas úmidas em relevo dissecado aguçado. Cartographic modeling of the delimitation of landscapes in watershed of the high course of the Mundaú River – Pernambuco / Alagoas, Northeastern, Brazil A B S T R A C TThe notion of landscape is present in human memory even before the elaboration of this concept. Naturalistic syntheses conceive nature through a natural order that promotes the organization of the earth's surface from the inner and outer elements of the globe. This order is subject to analysis, since it is spatialized in homogeneous natural areas, endowed with a hierarchy. The watershed is an excellent research option. It is an open, dynamic system where constant exchanges of matter and energy occur. Watersheds, as functional planning units, protect landscapes. Thus, for the delimitation of the landscapes of the upper course, we sought to correlate the geological-geomorphological factors with the climatology of the basin, which resulted in the delimitation of 8 landscape units, namely: dried dry caatingas in ravine, submerged caatingas in convex dissected relief, convex embossed wetlands, sharp dissected embossed wetlands, smoked degraded pediplane embossed woods, tabular embossed wetlands, tabular embossed wetlands and thickened dissected embossed wetlands.Keywords: landscape cartography, landscape units, geosystems, landscape mapping.