COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance among Healthcare Workers and General Population at the Very Beginning of the National Vaccination Program in Poland: A Cross-Sectional, Exploratory Study

The aim of the study was to assess the acceptance level of COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers (HCW) and the general population in Poland at the start of the national COVID-19 vaccination program from 18–31 December 2020. A cross-sectional anonymous survey was conducted in a group of 1976 people: 1042 health professionals and 934 non-medical professionals using an on-line questionnaire. The most skeptical about the COVID-19 vaccine were students of non-medical faculties, non-medical professions, and administrative–technical health service staff (26.2%, 38.7% and 41.2%, respectively). The most positive attitude to vaccination was reported by doctors, medical students and pharmacists (80.6%, 76.9% and 65.7%, respectively). Doctors (64.7%) and medical students (63.7%) most often declared confidence in vaccines compared to nurses (34.5%). Distrust about vaccine safety was declared by nurses (46.6%) and pharmacists (40.0%). HCW encouraged others to vaccinate more eagerly (65.8%) than non-medical professions (28.3%). Thus, a considerable proportion of HCW in Poland expressed concern about vaccines just prior to the beginning of the COVID-19 immunization program. The significant decrease in the willingness to vaccinate observed in Poland towards the end of 2021 must be considered in the light of the serious COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in the Polish population.

PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR DEEPENING PRESCHOOLERS’ IDEAS ABOUT THE ADULTS’ PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

The article presents the results of a pilot study of older preschool children’s acquaintance with the adults’ professional activities. It has been found that older preschoolers have a lack of knowledge of sports, art, labor, military, and medical professions. The presence of children’s gender stereotypes in the expression of preferences for a certain profession has been revealed. The study has served as a basis for developing pedagogical conditions for deepening preschoolers’ ideas about the profession, in particular, updating the content of preschool children’s acquaintance with adult work, selection of effective tools and methods for forming children’s ideas about professional activities; usage of the principle of gender equality in this process; and establishing a constructive partnership of parent-educator interaction. It is stated that the system of pedagogical conditions creates a basis for the emergence of children’s interest in the world of professions, the desire to learn new information about professional activities, and the desire to apply the acquired knowledge in practice.Methods of deepening preschoolers’ perceptions of professions are identified. They are the following: didactic games, computer-didactic games, reading children’s literature, watching cartoons and cartoon series, story-based role-playing games. The importance of applying a gender-sensory approach in the process of forming children’s ideas about the professional activities of various professions is noted. Forms (observations, excursions, etc.), methods (didactic and plot-role games, meetings with representatives of various professions, reading fiction, reviewing paintings, watching cartoons, etc.) are offered.They should be used to form children’s ideas about labor distribution. Forms of partnership interaction of the educator with the parent team are defined, namely, traditional one (seminars, talks, joint excursions, exhibitions of children’s works made together with parents, etc.), innovative one (a round table, a workshop, a master class, etc.). Tasks for parents for their career guidance work with preschool children are identified.

Work-related problems faced by coordinators of organ, cell, and tissue transplantations in Poland and possible ways of ameliorating them

In recent years in Poland, the numbers of reported potential cadaveric donors of organs, tissues, and cells, and the numbers of transplantations being carried out seem to be low in the context of the size of the country population and the presumed consent legal principle which rules transplantations. This research project was carried out on 109 Polish transplant coordinators by means of a questionnaire created specifically for this study. The goal of the project was to detect problems specific to transplant coordinators working in Poland which, when properly addressed, might improve the efficacy of transplantation network within the Polish health care system. The results suggest that Polish transplant coordinators face a variety of issues in their work. It appears that the most important interventions which could improve working conditions for in this population and—as a result—also improve the efficacy of transplantation network in Poland could include: (1) a variety of training programs for transplant coordinators; (2) a social campaign promoting transplantations and spreading awareness of the transplantation-related legislation; and (3) introduction of changes in the regulations pertaining to medical professions in Poland.

The peculiarities of elaboration of the French-Ukrainian and UkrainianFrench dictionary of physical education and sport

In this article we analyze the principles of elaboration of the French-Ukrainian and Ukrainian-French dictionary of physical education and sport / PES. In the dictionary, we include the terms to name the sites where a sporting activity takes place; the names of players and sportsmen; medical professions; equipment and accessories; sports; competitions and rules; people and structures that follow these regulations; institutions and organizations; verbs related to sport; techniques and styles; results, procedures and reactions; sports medicine terminology. The practical results will improve the possibilities of teaching French for students of physical education and sport, and for those who want to learn French for specific purposes (PES).

Socio-demographic characteristics of medical personnel in parental aid institutions

The article examines the socio-demographic indicators of professional groups of medical workers, some factors of job satisfaction. Purpose of the study - socio-demographic characteristics of medical personnel in obstetric institutions for the further development of scientifically based recommendations on the formation of health-preserving behavior. The research was carried out by means of anonymous questionnaires on the basis of obstetric institutions of the second and third levels. Ryazan, Kolomna, Lipetsk, Smolensk. The study involved doctors (obstetricians-gynecologists, neonatologists) and nurses (midwives, anesthetics nurses, ward nurses). The study showed that about half of the respondents in medical professions, one tenth in the professional groups of nursing staff belong to the age category under 30 years old. The age group of 30-39 years is represented by doctors and mid-level medical personnel in almost equal proportions. In the age group 40 years and older, representatives of the nursing professions prevail. A significant part of the respondents are medical professions, have work experience in their specialty from 5 to 9 years; representatives of nursing professions, mainly, have work experience of 10-14 years and more than 15 years. In the families of nursing staff (nurse anesthetists and ward nurses), one can note dissatisfaction and incomplete satisfaction with the level of wages and lack of confidence in the future. The revealed dissatisfaction with work can lead to a decrease in motivation to perform professional duties. Socio-demographic characteristics are basic and serve as the basis for further hygienic and statistical studies, identifying correlations between unfavorable hygienic factors (physical inactivity, prolonged static load, local overstrain of certain muscle groups, exposure to physical, chemical and biological factors, psychoemotional and informational stress).

Theoretical and practical aspects of sedentary behavior among medical professions in the field of dentistry – part II

Sedentary behavior, both professional, occupational, and leisure, recreational, is one of the major risk factors for cardio-metabolic health and premature mortality. But we find this sedentary behavior in many of the existing professional activities in 2021, among which are the professional activities with a medical profile in the field of dentistry: specific activities of the dental office (and here we discuss dentists and dental nurses) and activities specific to the dental technique laboratory (in this case, we are talking about dental technicians).

Intensity, dynamics and deficiencies of empathy in medical and non-medical students

Background Empathy is an important competence in the professional development of medical students. The purpose of our study was to compare the levels and scales of empathy in people studying in different educational strategies. Methods The study was conducted between April 2019 and March 2020. Medicine, nursing, midwifery, physiotherapy, psychology, pedagogy and sociology students were the participants of this study. University students preparing for medical professions (n = 1001) and students of programs unrelated to medicine (n = 700) underwent the Empathy Quotient test (EQ-40). We have compared results in both study groups with the use of the distribution of density, analysis of variance and student’s t-test. Results The average results received by students of the university preparing for medical professions were lower (M = 42.6) than those of the non-medical university students (M = 45.3) and the differences between the universities turned out to be statistically important (t = − 5.15, df = 1699, p < 0.001). As many as 14.6% of the students in the 1st EQ class were preparing for various medical professions while 9% studied social sciences. 18.2% of all medical programme students (n = 412) manifested the lowest empathy class. Our research has revealed that the students with Asperger profile (AP) and high-functioning autism (HFA) studied at universities preparing for medical professions (n = 18) more frequently than at non-medical universities (n = 5). Conclusions We have noticed a serious indicator of erosion in the levels of empathy in medical students and an increase in the number of people with AP and HFA. Empathy decreases in students after the third year of their studies, regardless of the kind of university. We recommend an introduction of career counselling when specialization is being chosen.